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THIS LECTURE:
• Sensory transduction
• The case of sounds
• Early processing of sensory information
• The case of auditory localization
• How sensory information guides motion
• The case of auditory-guided head turns
• Higher-order processing of sensory information
• The case of surprise
• Emotions
• The case of music-induced chills
EMOTIONS
• Involve…
• physiological activation
• expressive behaviors
• conscious experience
• Happiness is related to faster heart rate (physiological activation), smiling (expressive behavior) and the conscious experience of happiness (affect)
EMOTIONS ARE DIFFERENT FROM COGNITIVE PROCESSES
• Memory
• Attention
• Language
• Problem solving
• Planning
WHAT ARE EMOTIONS?• Hard to define:
• Emotions are states elicited by rewards and punishers (E.T. Rolls)
• Emotions are involved in the conscious (or unconscious) evaluation of events (M.B. Arnolds)
• Emotions are pre-programmed set of coordinated bodily reactions with adaptive values; affect is secondary (A. Damasio)
AFFECTIVE REACTIONS CONSERVED ACROSS EVOLUTION
Berridge 2004
THE EMOTIONAL BRAIN
Pessoa Nat. Rev. Neurosci. 2008
MUSIC THAT EVOKES ‘CHILLS’…
Blood and Zatorre, PNAS 2001
Rachmaninov3rd piano concerto
BarberAdagio for strings
Hear
t rat
e
…AFFECTED BLOOD FLOW IN BRAIN REGIONS IMPLICATED IN THE PROCESSING OF EMOTIONS
Blood and Zatorre, PNAS 2001
MUSIC AFFECTS ACTIVITY IN BRAIN REGIONS IMPLICATED IN THE PROCESSING OF EMOTIONS
Koelsch, TICS 2010
SOUNDS, MUSIC, AND EMOTIONS
• How do sounds become music?
• How do sounds become speech?
• How do patches of light and dark become a picture of your grandmother?
• How does music activate emotions?
• Or the taste and smell and texture of a madeleine evoke memories?
• …with a lot of important, fascinating details…
THIS LECTURE:
• Sensory transduction
• The case of sounds
• Early processing of sensory information
• The case of auditory localization
• How sensory information guides motion
• The case of auditory-guided head turns
• Higher-order processing of sensory information
• The case of surprise
• Emotions
• The case of music-induced chills
…with a lot of important, fascinating details…
THIS IS ALL PERFORMED BY NETWORKS OF NEURONS, SYNAPSES, DENDRITIC
COMPUTATIONS, AND SO ON AND SO FORTH…
