Clinical vignette 2

Shock Ghaida Al-

Rashed

Objectives:

What would be the cardiac output (Low, normal, high )?

Introduction

Definition

Cardiac output: is the amount of blood that the heart can pump out in one minute.

Stroke volume: The volume of blood ejected with each beat.

Preload: is the volume of blood lead to ventricular stretch at the end of diastole.

Afterload: is the amount of resistance the heart must overcome to open the aortic valve and push the blood volume out into the systemic circulation

Hypovolemic shock

is a condition characteristic by loss of intravascular volume + reduced tissue perfusion

resulte from decreased blood volume caused by blood loss

leads to reduced cardiac output and organ perfusion.

Decrease Intravascular Volume

Decrease Systemic arterial blood pressure 

Decrease Venous return

Decrease Preload (ventricular filling )

Decrease Stroke Volume (the volume of blood ejected with each beat).

DECREASE CARDIAC OUTPUT

Cardiac Output Equation

Factors influencing the cardiac output

Exercise. Chronic high blood pressure.Some medication. Kidney disease.High cholesterol.

In our case :What would be the cardiac output (Low,

normal, high )?

Will be low

The cardiac output would be …… ??

Due to?? ..…

cardiac output falls.

Since preload is one of the determinants of stroke volume fall.

Summary

Related to cardiac output

Pathophysiology

Hypovolemic shock

References

• Guyton & Hall. Text book of Medical physiology• http://www.emedicinehealth.com/script/main

/mobileart-emh.asp?articlekey=59301&page=3

• http://www.ems1.com/ems-products/education/articles/479223-Blood-Pressure-Assessment-in-the-Hypovolemic-Shock-Patient/

Thank you