Cardiovascular = Heart, Arteries, Veins, Blood

Function:Function:TransportationBlood = transport vehicleCarries oxygen, nutrients, wastes, and hormones

Movement provided by pumping of heart

Outermost = Pericardium & EpicardiumPericardium is a membrane anchoring heart to

diaphragm and sternumPericardium secretes lubricant (serous fluid)Epicardium is outermost muscle tissue

Middle = MyocardiumContains contractile muscle fibers

Innermost = EndocardiumLines Cardiac Chambers

Human heart has 4 chambers2 Atria

Superior = primary receiving chambers, do not actually pump Blood flows into atria

2 Ventricles Pump blood Contraction = blood sent out of heart + circulated

Chambers are separated by septum…Due to separate chambers, heart functions as double

pump

Deoxygenated Blood

…To the lungs

Oxygenated Blood

…To the rest of the body

Pulmonary = Deoxygenated Blood Involves Right Side of Heart

Pathway:Pathway:1. Superior / Inferior Vena Cava2. Right Atrium Tricuspid Valve3. Right Ventricle Pulmonary Semilunar

Valve4. Left Pulmonary Artery5. Lungs

Systemic = Oxygenated Blood Involves Left Side of Heart

Pathway:Pathway:1. Left Pulmonary Vein2. Left Atrium Bicuspid Valve3. Left Ventricle Aortic Semilunar

Valve4. Aorta5. All Other Tissues

[4 main valves]

When the heart is relaxed…Blood passively fills atriumFlows right past tricuspid / bicuspid valvesSemilunar Valves remain shut

When the heart contracts (pumps)…Tricuspid / Bicuspid valves swing up and shutBlood ejected out of ventricleSemilunar Valves open up