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Dr. Rajkumar PatilAsstt.Prof.,
Dept. of Community Medicine,AVMC, Pondicherry
Statement of problemStatement of problem
Global burden of cases has been reduced by 99% from over 3.5 million in the 1980's to approximately 10,000 in 2005
9 countries of Sub-Saharan Africa are endemic
Ghana and Sudan reported approx. 9500 cases(2005)
GWD eradicated from India in 2000,last case in July 1996
Larvae active in water for 6 days
15 days for development of larvae in cyclops(intermediate host)
Agent FactorsDracunculus medinensis, nematode wormM-2cm F-60-120cm
Reservoir Infected person
Host factorsAll ages, both sex susceptibleRepeated infection in same individual (no immunity)
Environmental factorsStep wells: Summer ,Ponds: June-Sept, Temp:25-30 C
Mode of transmissionOral: Consumption of water containing cyclops harbouring the infective stages of the parasite
Can guinea-worm disease be eradicated?Can guinea-worm disease be eradicated?• first parasitic disease set for eradication
• diagnosis is easy
• the transmission agent "cyclops" , is not a mobile vector
• incubation period in both cyclops and human is of limited duration
• interventions are effective, low cost, easy implementation
• the disease has a limited geographic distribution
• success in eradicating the disease in several countries
• no known animal reservoir
An emerged Guinea worm is being pulled out from a small girl in Africa
What is the treatment for Guinea worm disease?
No medication, only Analgesics/antibiotics
Worm can be surgically removed before an ulcer forms
Guinea worm removal