Guava

Recent progress

in

Medicinal Uses

Guava: Psidium guajava L.

Presented by Dr. Sudhakar Kokate Director PPRC, India

100 species of tropical shrubs

Native to Mexico, Central America, Northern South America

Now cultivated all over the world

Most frequently eaten species

Have several industrial applications

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Propagation by seeds / cuttings

Proper manuring improves the size and quality of the fruit

Wilt, Fusarium oxysporum is the most serious disease of

Guava

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Guava Tree

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Classification:

Kingdom: Plantae

Sub-kingdom: Tracheobionata

Super-division: Spermatophyta

Division: Magnoliophyta

Guava

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Class: Magnoliopsida

Sub-class: Rosidae

Order: Myrtales

Family: Myrtaceae

Genus: Psidium guajava

Guava

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Tropical Guava Fruit Display

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About Guava

An arborescent shrub, Apple of the tropics

Small tree upto 8 m. high

Leaves: Light green, finely pubescent, chartaceous

Flowers: White, fragrant

Fruits: Green to Light yellow, red, varied shape and size

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Guava Leaves

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Guava Flower

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Common Guava Fruits

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Imp. Species of Guava

Psidium guajava L. …….. Common name

Psidium cattleyanum …….. Strawberry guava

Varieties: Psidium pomiferum L.

Psidium pyriferum L.

Synonyms: Psidium pumilum Vahl.

Psidium guajava L. PPRC/INDIA 11

Chemical constituents

Tannins

Flavonols

Flavonoids

Saponins

Triterpenoids

Glycosides

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Guava seeds

CONSTITUENTS %

Aromatic oils 14

Protein 15

Starch 13

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Guava roots

Tannin

Leukocyanidines

Sterols

Gallic acid

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Guava tree bark

Considerable amount of Tannins (11-27%); used for Tanning

and dyeing

Leucocyanidin, Luteic acid, Amritoside isolated from the

stem and bark

Ref: - Edwards et. al. 1952

- Hooper 1902

- Seshadri and Vasishta 1965 PPRC/INDIA 15

Guava tree bark

Bark valued for its astringent properties and used in

diarrhoea in children

The bark is tonic and the ash is caustic

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Guava leaves

CHEMICALS % (unit)

Catechol & Pyragallol 8.15

Tannin 13.9

Non-tannins 9.0

Essential oils (Yellowish green

oil, pleasant aromatic odour) –

contain beta-caryophyllene

0.26

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More chemicals in Guava

Wax Beta sitosterol

Resins Quercetin

Sugars Cratagolic

Carotene Guaijavolic

Vit. B1, B2, B6, Vit. C Sapogenin

Niacin Leucocyanidin

4-Gentiobioside Ellagic acid

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References

Arthur & Hui, 1954

Soliman & Farid, 1952

El Khadme & Mohammed, 1958

Varshney & Shamshuddin, 1965

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Guava Fruits

Majority of the researchers have aimed on the hypoglycaemic

effects of P. guajava fruits

Guava fruits are much more enjoyed by birds & monkeys which

disperse the seeds in their droppings and cause spontaneous

clumps of guava trees to grow (Taylor 198, D Weck 2003)

Strong odour of fruit due to Carbonyl compounds

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More chemicals in fruit

CHEMICAL %

Hexanal 65.9

Butyrolactone 7.6

E-2-hexanal 7.4

EE-2-hexadienal 2.2

Z-3-hexenyl acetate 1.3

3-phenylpropyl acetate 5.3

Caryophyllene oxide 5.1

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References

Paniandy et. al., 2000

Dweck, 2003

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Chemicals in Pink Guava

Essential oil profile is rich:

alcohols, esters, aldehydes, terpenic hydrocarbons

3-hydroxy-2-butanone, 3-penten-3-ol and 2-butenyl

acetate

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Nutritional value of Guava

Energy 68 Kcal

Carbohydrates 14.32 g

Sugars 8.92 g

Dietary fiber 5.4 g

Fat 0.95 g

Proteins 2.55 g

Vit. A 31 microg

Beta carotene 374 microg

Thiamine Vit B1 0.067 mg

100 gm PPRC/INDIA 24


Riboflavin Vit. B2 0.04 mg

Niacin Vit. B3 1.084 mg

Pantothenic acid Vit. B5 0.451 mg

Vit. B6 0.11 mg

Folate Vit. B9 49 microg

Vit. C 228.3 mg

Vit. K 2.2 microg

Calcium 18 mg



Iron 0.26 mg

Magnesium 22 mg

Manganese 0.15 mg

Phosphorus 40 mg

Potassium 417 mg

Sodium 2 mg

Zinc 0.23 mg

Lycopene 5204 microg


Properties

Anti-bacterial Anti-microbial

Anti-oxidant Anti-spasmodic

Anti-diabetic Anti-cough

Narcotic like activity Analgesic

Anti-pyretic Anti-septic

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Healing power of Guava

Diarrhoea Vomiting

Prostate cancer Diabetes

Oral cavity cancer Dysentery

Lung cancer Fever

Bacterial infections Gastrointestics

Inflammation pains Cough

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Healing power of Guava

Leucorrhea Chorea

Cerebral ailments Convulsions

Nephritis Menstrual pain

Cachexia Toothache

Epilepsy Sore throat

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Health benefits

Anti-ageing, Immune booster

Rich source of soluble dietary fiber

Higher Vit. C…………5.4 g/100g………(14%)

Helps in production of cells

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Health benefits

Good anti-microbial fruit

Best fruit for diabetic patients

Any time any amount one can eat

No side effects

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Medi-uses

Extracts of leaves, flowers, fruits – active against

micrococcus pyogenes var. aureus and E. coli

Extracts of fruits – moderately active against Salmonella

typhosa, Shigella antidysenteriae BH.

Young leaves used as a tonic in digestive disorders

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Medi-uses

Guava leaves for wounds, ulcers and as an astringent for

bowels

Decoction of leaves – cholera, vomiting & diarrhoea

Decoction of leaves and shoots in febrifuge, antispamodic

baths

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Medi-uses

Infusion of leaves in cerebral affections, nephritis and

cochexia, Pounded leaves for rheumatism

Extract of leaves in epilepsy, chorea

Tincture is rubbed over the spine of children suffering

from convulsions

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Medi-uses

Decoction of leaves when gargled relieves from

toothache and gum boils

Flowers – cool the body and used in bronchitis, eye sores

Fruit – tonic, cooling and laxative good in colic and for

bleeding gums, used in diarrhoea and dysentery

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Guava products

Guava cheese

Guava jelly

Guava nectar

Canned guava

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Traditional medicinal uses

evidenced by current

Pharmacological findings

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Anti-parasites: Amoebic diarrhoea, vermifuge, malaria,

intestinal worm infestation

Anti-bacterial: Gastroenteritis, vomiting, diarrhoea,

dysentery, wound, ulcers, toothache, coughs, sore throat,

inflamed gums, cholera

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A fast relief anti-inflammatory and anti-febrifuge: Flu, sore

throat, ear and eye infections

Anti-spasmodics: Mild digestive, menstrual stimulants

strengthens gastric tract

Acts as gastro-tonic

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Emmenagogue: Leucorrhea, to regulate menstrual periods

Central nervous system depressant

Haemostatics

Hypoglycemics

Anti-haemorrhoids

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Anti-rheumatism

Anti-carcinoma: Prostate cancer

Hypoglycaemic activity

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Advanced research

in

Medicinal uses

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Good for insomnia

A good anti-antithrombin III agent

An adjuvant mild CNS depressant

A mild cardio-tonics

A magic blood cleanser

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A medium to excellent antioxidant

Preventions for glycative cardiovascular and neural

degenerations

Glycation may induce diabetic cardiovascular and neurode

generative disease

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Glycation in perspective – diabetes

Common inducers for glycation in hyperglycaemia

Guava leaf tea is also efficient

Preventive for glycation

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Guava leaf tea

Preparation – 1 part desiccated guava leaf tea

10 parts of distilled water

Reflux the mixture for 30 mins at 100OC

Decant and save the extract

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Repeat the extraction process for 3 times

Combine and cool the total extracts

Filter the extract to drink

Guava leaf tea

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Guava recipes

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Guava Kalakand

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Brazilian Guava Puree

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Brazilian Guava Tea

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Cuban Guava Pastry

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Guava Candy

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Guava Cubes

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Guava Pastry

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Guava Awapuhi

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Guava Barfi

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Guava Bars

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Guava Fudge

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Guava bbq Chicken

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Guava Biscuits

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Guava Bread Pudding

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Guava Buttercream

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Hawaiian Guava Cake

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Guava Cheese

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Guava Chutney

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Guava Cupcakes

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Guava Curry

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Guava Sabzi

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Guava Gummies

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Guava Icecream

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Guava Jelly

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Guava Juice

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Guava Kheer

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Guava Lollipops

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Guava Chocolate

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Cuban Guava Marmalade

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Mexican Guava Jam

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Chilean Guava Muffins

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Guava Pancakes

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Guava Pickle

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Goan Guava Cheese

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Taiwanese Guava Tart

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Guava Raitha

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Guava Roll cake

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Guava Sauce

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Guava Slices

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Guava Souffle

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Guava Torte

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The Guayabera

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Thank You!!

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Health & Medicine

Guava