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A draft for the April 12th webinar
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Grey Lit 103: Standing Out in a Sea of Grey Literature
April 12, 2011
Sponsored by National Library of Medicine (NLM)
AcademyHealth The professional society of health services research and
health policy analysis.
AcademyHealth represents a broad community of people with an interest in and passion for using health services research to improve health care. We promote interaction across the health research and policy arenas by bringing together a broad spectrum of players to share their perspectives, learn from each other, and strengthen their working relationships.
www.academyhealth.org
National Library of MedicineThe National Library of Medicine (NLM) is a part of the National Institutes
of Health, US Department of Health and Human Services (HHS). Since its founding in 1836, NLM has played a pivotal role in translating biomedical research into practice. It is the world's largest biomedical library and the developer of electronic information services that deliver trillions of bytes of data to millions of users every day. Scientists, health professionals, and the public in the US and around the globe search the Library's online information resources more than one billion times each year.
The Library is open to all and has many services and resources--for scientists, health professionals, historians, and the general public. NLM has nearly 12 million books, journals, manuscripts, audiovisuals, and other forms of medical information on its shelves, making it the largest health-science library in the world.
Learning Objectives
The goals of this session are to discuss key topics:– What grey literature is being produced, and for what
purposes?
– Who are the largest producers, and why?
– How can we enhance and standardize the perception of rigor in grey literature?
– In what ways has the electronic publishing "sphere" contributed to the field of grey literature?
– How is grey literature being archived and how do researchers make their research easy to find?
– What are the preservation procedures for major producers?
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Presenters
Marcus BanksDirector, Library and
Academic/Instructional Innovation,
Samuel Merritt University
Dean Giustini, M.L.S, M.Ed. UBC Biomedical Branch Librarian,
Vancouver General Hospital
Grey lit 103
Standing Out in a Sea of Grey LiteratureA Producer’s (Librarian) Perspective
Dean Giustini, MLIS, MEdUBC Biomedical LibrarianVancouver CanadaWiki: http://hlwiki.ca
AcademyHealth GreyLit Webinar Series 12 April 2011
British Columbia (BC) Inukshuk – Inuit
geographical landmark
Twitter Hashtag:
#Greylit103
About me, why I am here• To present the "producer's" perspective of grey literature
• I am a Canadian health librarian
• Working at Canada’s second largest tertiary hospital
• UBC teaching hospital & medical school
• Research how to “find” things including GL
UBC Faculty of MedicineDiamond Health Care CentreVancouver General Hospital
“…a landmark building”
Vancouver Canada
Webinar plan – ‘producers’
Definition: Grey literature is …
“information produced on all levels of government, academics, business and industry in electronic and print formats… i.e, where publishing is not the primary
activity of the producing body."
- Luxembourg, 1997 - Expanded in New York, 2004
“… producers would benefit from the development, production, and distribution of guidance … on best practices when archiving…. [and] should be encouraged to inform users of how long
[their] publications are expected to be accessible … NLM can share its web archiving decisions [as it] tags Web pages with …‘Permanence Not Guaranteed’.
- Academy Health for the National Library of Medicine, 2006
How can producers enhance their research?
Uptake – Rigour – Preservation
The Inukshuk symbolizes ‘Someone was here’ and
‘you are on the right path’
Mapbibliography
Ensurereliable access
Increasevisibility
Ensurereproducibility
Managepreservation
Tools for producers
1. Map the bibliography (uptake)
• In mapping phase, what is known about topic, locate best evidence• Primary & secondary research (study of ‘other studies’)
• Determine structure of topic, map major producers • Available evidence – weak or strong? coherent or fragmented? • Are any datasets available – white or grey?
• “The Web as Platform” – living documents & evolving ‘evidence’• Means of production, massively decentralized on the web
LOCATING major American & Canadian producers of GL
WikiDoc Living Textbook of MedicineThe Original Medical Wiki /
Encyclopedia
LOCATING greylit producers using key pathways:
NYAM list of greylit producers
Coming May 2011
http://www.academyhealth.org/
http://cadth.ca
http://hlwiki.ca
http://ebling.library.wisc.edu
http://phpartners.org/
http://library.umassmed.edu/ebpph http://www.nlm.nih.gov/hsrproj/
http://locatorplus.gov
http://collectionscanada.gc.ca/amicus
2. Provide reliable access (uptake)
• Easy access to high-quality content is a key foundation of research• NIH / CIHR-funded research must be accessible (e.g, PubMedCentral / Canada)• web publishing, self-archiving, institutional repositories
• Bibliographic control, findability• Dublin Core Metadata Initiative – metadata quality, recall & relevance • Digital access & rights management, e.g, security
• GoogleDocs, wikis, blogs, other social media e.g, Twitterhttp://dublincore.org/
http://www.cihr-irsc.gc.ca http://publicaccess.nih.gov/
http://hlwiki.ca
1. Research output @ University of N.
= grey literature & data
2. Develop transparent metadata & grey data
policies
3. Example of clear policies ~open-access repository record in
OpenDOAR.org
3. Manage permanence (preservation) • Grey literature part of evidence base & historical record
• Digital curation & long-term stability of e-documents• Persistently identified e.g, URIs, DOIs
• Poor persistence leads to “404” errors (file not found)
• NYAM Library, Copyright & permissions & reproduction
• Preservation guidelines for documents & data
• GLISC Guidelines for production of reports – Nancy Style, 2007http://www.glisc.info/nancy1.1.pdf
• NISO Z39.18 2005 – Scientific and Technical Reports • Standard ensures long-term preservation of grey literature
http://lockss.stanford.edu/lockss/
4. Ensure reproducibility (rigour)• Use explicit, rigorous and reproducible methods
• Consult biostatistician & methodologist
• Implement state-of-the-art data management & peer review
• Consult qualified health librarian, searching increasingly complex• Especially how to document search & apply reporting standards
• Ensure reporting is robust:• AGREE Instrument (Appraisal of Clinical Guidelines )• CONSORT Statement (Transparent Reporting of Trials)• SUPPORT Checklist (Supporting Policy Relevant Reviews & Trials)
Institute of Medicine. National Academies Press, 2011
consort-statement.org/ support-collaboration.org/ agreecollaboration.org
http://hlwiki.ca
1. REPORT YOUR SEARCHES using
PRISMA prisma-statement.org/
2. LIST ALL SEARCH TERMS FOR GREY LIT
3. ENLIST independent health librarian to
review your search …
5. Increase visibility (uptake & rigour)
• Raise research profile by producing exemplary work• Consistent, reliable methods influence perception of rigour• Remix / repurpose… (e.g, pre-prints, slides, YouTube, webcast, final paper)
• Examples of style sheets• ICMJE Uniform Requirements for Manuscripts (Vancouver style)• The Canadian Style, 2011 (Documents in French & English)• US Government Style Manual, 2008
• Market & promote, knowledge-dissemination strategies• Develop checklist of social media, increase visibility of research• Social media + public health = public health 2.0?
NLM Style for Authors,
Editors & Publishers
In summary
• How can producers improve uptake, rigour, preservation?
• Think ‘long term’ & evidence-based (e.g, methods, peer review, style, standards)
• Be more open, transparent & social e.g, Twitter with other producers
• Describe grey documents & ‘grey data’ for findability & permanence
• Collaborate with health librarians, develop archival, preservation practices
All materials in this workshop come under the
Creative Commons Attribution 2.5 Canada Licence
All materials (bibliography, links and preparation) for this presentation are available here: http://hlwiki.ca
Inukshuk ‘Yes, you are on the
right path’’
• AcademyHealth (Jessica Rosen, Rebecca Singer Cohen)
• Marcus Banks, Samuel Merritt University
• Dominic Farace, GreyNet International
• Janice Kaplan, New York Academy of Medicine
• David Moher, Clinical Epidemiology, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute
• Heather G, Morrison, BC Electronic Library Network
• US National Library of Medicine
Thank you
Grey Lit 103: Standing Out in a Sea of Grey Literature
Marcus BanksSamuel Merritt University
April 12, 2010
Outline• Long-standing interest in grey
literature• Beliefs as of 2011:
– Divide between grey and non-grey blurring, and will eventually disappear
– Findability for grey literature remains a challenge, but less so than before the Web
• Challenge to producers: treat grey lit with equal rigor as journal articles– LinkedIn discussion of redefining grey lit
Longstanding Interest
• NLM Associate Fellow 2002-2004• Beliefs in this period:
– Grey lit complements peer review content
– Useful as a “check” to peer reviewed publications because grey lit is more likely to report studies that didn’t go as planned
Longstanding Interest
• JMLA Paper 2004: – Argued that grey literature advocates
could benefit from lessons of open access advocacy
– Saw grey lit and peer reviewed content as distinct parts of the publishing ecosystem
– Grey lit much harder to find
• http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC385294/
Longstanding Interest
• 2005 Grey Lit Conference (Nancy, France)– A continuum between grey and peer-
reviewed content, and an eventual collapse of the distinction as content is increasingly “born digital”
– Grey lit still harder to find, but could be gathered into institutional repositories
• http://eprints.rclis.org/handle/10760/7287
Longstanding interest• 2010 book chapter, “Blog posts and
tweets: the next frontier for grey literature”
• From Grey Literature in Library and Information Studies (eds. Farace and Schopfel)– Findability no longer a major concern– New challenge: preserving “grey data”
such as blog posts and particularly tweets
– Not exactly the continuum envisioned in 2005, but categories are blurring
Challenge to grey lit producers
• Treat grey lit as “full partner” to peer reviewed content
• Subscription barriers interfere with distributing research in some peer-reviewed journals
• Complete access to important findings in the grey lit.
• Grey lit should adopt conventions of peer-reviewed journals to increase credibility
On the horizon
• Long term: Gradual blur of categories between peer reviewed and grey literature
• Short term: Greater rigor and prestige for grey literature, or at least that produced by AcademyHealth after sponsoring these webcasts
• Questions? Thanks very much.
Submitting Questions Questions, both substantive & technical in nature, may be submitted at
any time during the presentation.
Click on “Ask Question” below this presentation. Complete the form and click “Submit.”
Responses will only be sent if related to a technical issue; otherwise you will not receive a confirmation that your question has been received.
Commentary
Chris Hollander
Director of Publications,
The Commonwealth Fund
Submitting Questions Questions, both substantive & technical in nature, may be submitted at
any time during the presentation.
Click on “Ask Question” below this presentation. Complete the form and click “Submit.”
Responses will only be sent if related to a technical issue; otherwise you will not receive a confirmation that your question has been received.
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