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Grey Lit 103: Standing Out in a Sea of Grey Literature April 12, 2011 Sponsored by National Library of Medicine (NLM)

Grey Literature Producers

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Page 1: Grey Literature Producers

Grey Lit 103: Standing Out in a Sea of Grey Literature

April 12, 2011

Sponsored by National Library of Medicine (NLM)

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AcademyHealth The professional society of health services research and

health policy analysis.

AcademyHealth represents a broad community of people with an interest in and passion for using health services research to improve health care. We promote interaction across the health research and policy arenas by bringing together a broad spectrum of players to share their perspectives, learn from each other, and strengthen their working relationships.

www.academyhealth.org

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National Library of MedicineThe National Library of Medicine (NLM) is a part of the National Institutes

of Health, US Department of Health and Human Services (HHS). Since its founding in 1836, NLM has played a pivotal role in translating biomedical research into practice. It is the world's largest biomedical library and the developer of electronic information services that deliver trillions of bytes of data to millions of users every day. Scientists, health professionals, and the public in the US and around the globe search the Library's online information resources more than one billion times each year.

The Library is open to all and has many services and resources--for scientists, health professionals, historians, and the general public. NLM has nearly 12 million books, journals, manuscripts, audiovisuals, and other forms of medical information on its shelves, making it the largest health-science library in the world.

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Learning Objectives

The goals of this session are to discuss key topics:– What grey literature is being produced, and for what

purposes?

– Who are the largest producers, and why?

– How can we enhance and standardize the perception of rigor in grey literature?

– In what ways has the electronic publishing "sphere" contributed to the field of grey literature?

– How is grey literature being archived and how do researchers make their research easy to find?

– What are the preservation procedures for major producers?

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The audio and slide presentation will be delivered

directly to your computer Speakers or headphones are required to hear the

audio portion of the webconference.

If you are having difficulties with the audio-stream, please dial (888)-632-5061 and enter the Conference ID number: 22303519 followed by the # sign.

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Technical Assistance If you require technical assistance, or are having

difficulties with the audio portion of this webinar, please click on “Ask Question ” fill out the form and click “submit.”

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Submitting Questions Questions, both substantive & technical in nature, may be submitted at

any time during the presentation.

Click on “Ask Question” below this presentation. Complete the form and click “Submit.”

Responses will only be sent if related to a technical issue; otherwise you will not receive a confirmation that your question has been received.

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Presenters

Marcus BanksDirector, Library and

Academic/Instructional Innovation,

Samuel Merritt University  

Dean Giustini, M.L.S, M.Ed. UBC Biomedical Branch Librarian,

Vancouver General Hospital

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About me, why I am here• To present the "producer's" perspective of grey literature

• I am a Canadian health librarian

• Working at Canada’s second largest tertiary hospital

• UBC teaching hospital & medical school

• Research how to “find” things including GL

UBC Faculty of MedicineDiamond Health Care CentreVancouver General Hospital

“…a landmark building”

Vancouver Canada

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Webinar plan – ‘producers’

Definition: Grey literature is …

“information produced on all levels of government, academics, business and industry in electronic and print formats… i.e, where publishing is not the primary

activity of the producing body."

- Luxembourg, 1997 - Expanded in New York, 2004

“… producers would benefit from the development, production, and distribution of guidance … on best practices when archiving…. [and] should be encouraged to inform users of how long

[their] publications are expected to be accessible … NLM can share its web archiving decisions [as it] tags Web pages with …‘Permanence Not Guaranteed’.

- Academy Health for the National Library of Medicine, 2006

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How can producers enhance their research?

Uptake – Rigour – Preservation

The Inukshuk symbolizes ‘Someone was here’ and

‘you are on the right path’

Mapbibliography

Ensurereliable access

Increasevisibility

Ensurereproducibility

Managepreservation

Tools for producers

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1. Map the bibliography (uptake)

• In mapping phase, what is known about topic, locate best evidence• Primary & secondary research (study of ‘other studies’)

• Determine structure of topic, map major producers • Available evidence – weak or strong? coherent or fragmented? • Are any datasets available – white or grey?

• “The Web as Platform” – living documents & evolving ‘evidence’• Means of production, massively decentralized on the web

LOCATING major American & Canadian producers of GL

WikiDoc Living Textbook of MedicineThe Original Medical Wiki /

Encyclopedia

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2. Provide reliable access (uptake)

• Easy access to high-quality content is a key foundation of research• NIH / CIHR-funded research must be accessible (e.g, PubMedCentral / Canada)• web publishing, self-archiving, institutional repositories

• Bibliographic control, findability• Dublin Core Metadata Initiative – metadata quality, recall & relevance • Digital access & rights management, e.g, security

• GoogleDocs, wikis, blogs, other social media e.g, Twitterhttp://dublincore.org/

http://www.cihr-irsc.gc.ca http://publicaccess.nih.gov/

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http://hlwiki.ca

1. Research output @ University of N.

= grey literature & data

2. Develop transparent metadata & grey data

policies

3. Example of clear policies ~open-access repository record in

OpenDOAR.org

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3. Manage permanence (preservation) • Grey literature part of evidence base & historical record

• Digital curation & long-term stability of e-documents• Persistently identified e.g, URIs, DOIs

• Poor persistence leads to “404” errors (file not found)

• NYAM Library, Copyright & permissions & reproduction

• Preservation guidelines for documents & data

• GLISC Guidelines for production of reports – Nancy Style, 2007http://www.glisc.info/nancy1.1.pdf

• NISO Z39.18 2005 – Scientific and Technical Reports • Standard ensures long-term preservation of grey literature

http://lockss.stanford.edu/lockss/

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4. Ensure reproducibility (rigour)• Use explicit, rigorous and reproducible methods

• Consult biostatistician & methodologist

• Implement state-of-the-art data management & peer review

• Consult qualified health librarian, searching increasingly complex• Especially how to document search & apply reporting standards

• Ensure reporting is robust:• AGREE Instrument (Appraisal of Clinical Guidelines )• CONSORT Statement (Transparent Reporting of Trials)• SUPPORT Checklist (Supporting Policy Relevant Reviews & Trials)

Institute of Medicine. National Academies Press, 2011

consort-statement.org/ support-collaboration.org/ agreecollaboration.org

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http://hlwiki.ca

1. REPORT YOUR SEARCHES using

PRISMA prisma-statement.org/

2. LIST ALL SEARCH TERMS FOR GREY LIT

3. ENLIST independent health librarian to

review your search …

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5. Increase visibility (uptake & rigour)

• Raise research profile by producing exemplary work• Consistent, reliable methods influence perception of rigour• Remix / repurpose… (e.g, pre-prints, slides, YouTube, webcast, final paper)

• Examples of style sheets• ICMJE Uniform Requirements for Manuscripts (Vancouver style)• The Canadian Style, 2011 (Documents in French & English)• US Government Style Manual, 2008

• Market & promote, knowledge-dissemination strategies• Develop checklist of social media, increase visibility of research• Social media + public health = public health 2.0?

NLM Style for Authors,

Editors & Publishers

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In summary

• How can producers improve uptake, rigour, preservation?

• Think ‘long term’ & evidence-based (e.g, methods, peer review, style, standards)

• Be more open, transparent & social e.g, Twitter with other producers

• Describe grey documents & ‘grey data’ for findability & permanence

• Collaborate with health librarians, develop archival, preservation practices

All materials in this workshop come under the

Creative Commons Attribution 2.5 Canada Licence

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All materials (bibliography, links and preparation) for this presentation are available here: http://hlwiki.ca

Inukshuk ‘Yes, you are on the

right path’’

• AcademyHealth (Jessica Rosen, Rebecca Singer Cohen)

• Marcus Banks, Samuel Merritt University

• Dominic Farace, GreyNet International

• Janice Kaplan, New York Academy of Medicine

• David Moher, Clinical Epidemiology, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute

• Heather G, Morrison, BC Electronic Library Network

• US National Library of Medicine

Thank you

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Grey Lit 103: Standing Out in a Sea of Grey Literature

Marcus BanksSamuel Merritt University

April 12, 2010

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Outline• Long-standing interest in grey

literature• Beliefs as of 2011:

– Divide between grey and non-grey blurring, and will eventually disappear

– Findability for grey literature remains a challenge, but less so than before the Web

• Challenge to producers: treat grey lit with equal rigor as journal articles– LinkedIn discussion of redefining grey lit

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Longstanding Interest

• NLM Associate Fellow 2002-2004• Beliefs in this period:

– Grey lit complements peer review content

– Useful as a “check” to peer reviewed publications because grey lit is more likely to report studies that didn’t go as planned

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Longstanding Interest

• JMLA Paper 2004: – Argued that grey literature advocates

could benefit from lessons of open access advocacy

– Saw grey lit and peer reviewed content as distinct parts of the publishing ecosystem

– Grey lit much harder to find

• http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC385294/

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Longstanding Interest

• 2005 Grey Lit Conference (Nancy, France)– A continuum between grey and peer-

reviewed content, and an eventual collapse of the distinction as content is increasingly “born digital”

– Grey lit still harder to find, but could be gathered into institutional repositories

• http://eprints.rclis.org/handle/10760/7287

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Longstanding interest• 2010 book chapter, “Blog posts and

tweets: the next frontier for grey literature”

• From Grey Literature in Library and Information Studies (eds. Farace and Schopfel)– Findability no longer a major concern– New challenge: preserving “grey data”

such as blog posts and particularly tweets

– Not exactly the continuum envisioned in 2005, but categories are blurring

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Challenge to grey lit producers

• Treat grey lit as “full partner” to peer reviewed content

• Subscription barriers interfere with distributing research in some peer-reviewed journals

• Complete access to important findings in the grey lit.

• Grey lit should adopt conventions of peer-reviewed journals to increase credibility

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On the horizon

• Long term: Gradual blur of categories between peer reviewed and grey literature

• Short term: Greater rigor and prestige for grey literature, or at least that produced by AcademyHealth after sponsoring these webcasts

• Questions? Thanks very much.

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Submitting Questions Questions, both substantive & technical in nature, may be submitted at

any time during the presentation.

Click on “Ask Question” below this presentation. Complete the form and click “Submit.”

Responses will only be sent if related to a technical issue; otherwise you will not receive a confirmation that your question has been received.

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Commentary

Chris Hollander

Director of Publications,

The Commonwealth Fund

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Submitting Questions Questions, both substantive & technical in nature, may be submitted at

any time during the presentation.

Click on “Ask Question” below this presentation. Complete the form and click “Submit.”

Responses will only be sent if related to a technical issue; otherwise you will not receive a confirmation that your question has been received.

Page 34: Grey Literature Producers

Thank You!

Please take a moment to fill out the online evaluation.