Games and User Interface Design:

Thinking Differently to Affect Elderly Quality of Life

Adriana Moscatelli President, Uiidea DesignPete Wendel User Experience Manager, Walgreens

today why games and user interfaces

(ui) what is a game and “gamification” what is a user interface what does it mean to design

games & UIs how can this affect quality of life why this matters now

Why games and user

interface?

Indeed…but how?

we live our lives across physical and digital

Their distinction blurs as we experience both at the same time…

Play to regain movement after stroke (Kinect)

Source: http://www.webpronews.com/kinect-is-being-used-to-prevent-old-people-from-falling-help-stroke-patients-regain-movement-2011-12

…for fun (Wii games)

http://easierlivingblog.com/2012/02/16/new-exercises-help-fight-off-dementia-in-elderly/

(this game helps fight off dementia)

What is a game?

A game is a form of play with goals and structure.

Maroney, Kevin (2001). My Entire Waking Life. The Games Journal. Retrieved 2008-08-17

Games serve multiple purposes…

…games have rules, goals, uncertainty, measurable outcomes

Done right: fun and meaningful play(tip: focus on play not score)

…games provide social engagement, serve as a catalyst for story telling and learning, and help people find joy in play

Games

serve several different purposes

have direct benefits on health…

Health benefits of GamesProvide pain reliefIncrease weight loss / overall fitnessIncrease self-esteemIncrease learning / cognitionImprove social interaction skillsReduce stress and depressionImprove/help maintain visionDelay onset of dementiaImprove recovery from strokeImprove decision making skillsHigher measured levels of happiness / well-being http://theweek.com/article/index/241121/7-health-benefits-of-playing-video-games

Health benefits of Games:Reframes existing activities & information: Harry was just diagnosed as

being dangerously obese, has type 2 diabetes, high blood pressure and a possible heart condition. He was given papers, pamphlets, brochures, a book, web sites, new prescriptions, and all his doctor’s and pharmacists paperwork. He was told he has to pay close attention to his numbers: weight, cholesterol, blood pressure, glucose…

Health benefits of Games:Reframes existing activites and information: Harry was just diagnosed as

being dangerously obese, has type 2 diabetes, high blood pressure and a possible heart condition. He was given papers, pamphlets, brochures, a book, web sites, new perscriptions, and all his doctor’s and pharmacists paperwork. He was told he has to pay close attention to his numbers: weight, cholesterol, blood pressure, glucose…

Eating different

Menus,

Choices

Why?

Blood Pressure

Heart Rate

When to track?

Why?

Glucose

Sugar intake

Food choices

Change what?

Why?

Complex When?Why?

Exercise

Like what?

When?

How?

Count calories?

?!What’s your Glucose #?

Heart rate?

Cholesterol?Blood pressure?

Caloric intake?

Health benefits of Games:Goals give meaning to my numbers

Harry was just diagnosed as being dangerously obese, has type 2 diabetes, high blood pressure…

His care coach asked him what he most enjoys doing in life. Spending time being active with his grandkids.

Together, they create a gameplan to get Harry from where he was to where he could do more of the things that made him happy.

Play with G. Kids

Health benefits of Games:Give numbers meaning

Play with G. Kids

Eating different

Brisk walks

Heart rate

Blood pressure

Glucose

Tracking

Eat this not that

Plans & alerts to

test

Control here = more

play time

walking + HR goal

Post walk

measure

Better food = more

energy

How do we apply games to increase the overall health and well being of people?

Gamification. (…what?)

Gamification is: The concept of applying game-design thinking and techniques to non-game applications to make them more fun and engaging.

Gamification is not: the simple application of adding game mechanics (e.g. adding badges, a leaderboardand a competition to an event).

Gamification is really a verb:A form of design thinking that looks at the entire experience of interaction

between a person and an environment or system

with the goal of shaping that experience over time in a way to make it more fun, playful, and memorable.

Gamification: an exampleProblem: obesity and diabetes are often intertwined with many connected places, spaces and things. What to do?

Start by: Place people & problems at center & work solutions from here

Needed Results: new ideas, collaborations & solutions created with the communities they serve…

Value created with diverse audiences

Co-creation key to sustainable ideas

Fitwits: game as learning hybrid

touchpoints: things people use

Touchpoint Design = User Interface Design

via Mirriam-Webster Dictionary

…what?

What is a User Interface?

Definition of GRAPHICAL USER INTERFACE: a computer program designed to allow a computer user to interact easily with the computer typically by making choices from menus or groups of icons

Definition of INTERFACE1: a surface forming a common boundary of two bodies, spaces, or phases  <an oil-water interface>2 a : the place at which independent and often unrelated systems meet and act on or communicate with each other<the man-machine interface> b : the means by which interaction or communication is achieved at an interface

http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/interface

This is a User Interface

This is a User Interface

This is a User Interface

This is a User Interface

This is a User Interface

This is a User Interface

Open a window

Use a map

User Interface: biggest impact?

It’s actually not the things themselves, nor the interactions with those things…

User Interfaces connect us to services through things.

Biggest impact:

Products, places, & spaces are gateways to services.

products = connection point to a set of services

‘everyware’: Becoming connected through devices to communities of people and services…

‘everyware’ User InterfaceShifts where/how we create value in healthcare and business models with connected systems:

Implications:

How does this affect us?

Metaphors change for how we relate to each other, the services we use, and the places and spaces we inhabit; our perspective shifts…

physical & digital

We make/use them……

They make/use us via our behavior, time, language, metaphors, tools…

Implications: tools / touchpoints

Implications: new approaches needed

how design of games and user interfaces can affect quality of life:

Services are intangible and unfold through time

Products and things in our environment are now interconnected services

Designers, such as game and interaction designers, see and think differently about services, making them tangible:• Create maps to see services as

wholes• Create systems which evolve over

time

Connect & empower

Designing with (connected) games and UI’s in mind helps to move the focus from point of service to patient engagement…

Why this matters

Healthcare is broken.“Healthcare is broken. ... We have set up a deliverysystem that is fragmented, unsafe, not patient-centered, full of waste, and unreliable. Despite thebest efforts of the workforce, we built it wrong. Itisn't built for modern times." *

* Dr. Donald Berwick (who oversaw Medicare & Medicaid) as quoted by Richard Anderson athttp://riander.blogspot.com/

* from Health Services Research publications by Judith Hibbard, et al. such as http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1955271/

We need results that help people (we vs. me / with vs. for)

Results show improved behaviors follow on increased activation** (a measure of engagement)

Why this matters now: Patient Engagement:We can’t “motivate behavior change”—instead, we facilitate behavior change.

** from Dr BJ Fogg, Director of Persuasive Tech Lab at Stanford University, as presented at Healthcare Experience Design conference on March 27, 2012

Why this matters now: Engagement with what?With one’s self, first and foremostHealthcare systems need to treat the whole self, across all life contexts

We have to reach and engage people wherever they are, whenever they act

Digital channels are key cost-effective modern ways to extend the reach of care delivery systems

Why this matters now: New business models being explored and encouraged by government regulation

Moving from fee-for-(face-to-face)-service to fee for quality-outcomes demands greater efficiency at scale *

* Value Based Purchasing incentive payments and HCAHPS scores http://www.betterpatientengagement.com/2012/07/15/patient-experience-vs-patient-engagement/

** Noreen Clark, director of the Center for Managing Chronic Disease at the University of Michigan, asquoted in “The Simple Idea That Is Transforming Health Care”http://online.wsj.com/article/SB10001424052702304450004577275911370551798.html

“Quality of life happens to be the element that is most import in motivating people to deal with an illness." **

ROI > ROBto get this you need

return on behavior

business modelsmust evolve fromsystems of recordsand transactions tosystems ofengagement

Why this matters now:

http://www.dachisgroup.com/2011/06/movingbeyond-systems-of-record-to-systems-of-engagement/

Walgreens example system of engagement (a start):

Steps with Balance Rewards(was Walk with Walgreens)• Earn rewards for healthy

behaviors• Set goals and track progress• Share and collaborate with

others in local communityOver 420K members in 5 months Goals set: 560k Miles (walk/run) logged: 18 M 2-3% of all Walgreens.com traffic~20% using digital health devices to autosend their steps / activity info

Currently: 1.3M+ members 60% engagement rate 20+% autolog via digital devices 2nd most freq used mobile feature 3-5% of all Walgreens site traffic …spend more time/$ than our highest-value customer segments

Now: think different

Ecosystems: connect services through things

Ethics: no such thing a neutral design

Empowerment & Engagement: with people

Visible things + Invisible ‘everyware’

Result: improve quality of life

Use This Recipe:

Empower people and communities with tools they can use to co-create solutions together

Take a wholistic view across time and touchpoints

Start with people and problems at the center and work outwards

Harry: What if…

…Harry could be helped even more effectively by engaging the people and places within his community?…Harry had an opportunity to learn from and with others who’ve walked in his shoes?

…Harry wasn’t the only one at risk? Perhaps his 8 year old grandaughter is? …then how would Harry feel about the people and places in his community?

What better time than now?

Your call to action: start creating engagement ecosystems

What better place than here?