Facilitation Skills Promoting Group

Development

Facilitation Skills Promoting Group Development

Having participants assume responsibility for the group and their learning will increase their involvement and potential to learn.

The progression in the Sages of Group Development outlined in the presentation presents a linear model. In reality, the group may have periods of regressing to earlier stages and then continuing the development process.

There are some very concrete tasks the facilitator can do to help the groups transition from one stage to the next.

Mem

ber involvement

Facilitation Skills Promoting Group Development

Mem

ber involvement

In traditional group therapies there is a fifth stage, Termination, that is often perceived as another opportunity for learning.

In psychoeducational groups this stage is used as a therapeutic learning opportunity .

However, this final stage is a chance for evaluating and recognizing learners success.

What are the stages of group?

Forming Orientation, Affiliation “in or out” Dependency or rejection

Storming Conflict, Searching for role Dominance “top or bottom”

Norming Cohesion, Inclusion “near or far” Group think, “us versus them”

Performing Shared risk taking Attending to task or to other members “It or us”

First slide

Valiance and stages of group development

Forming

Storming

Norming Performing

Mem

ber i

nvol

vem

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First slide

Valiance and stages of group development

Forming

Storming

Norming Performing

Mem

ber i

nvol

vem

ent

"In Reality"

First slide

Valiance and stages of group development

Forming Storming

Norming Performing

Mem

ber i

nvol

vem

ent

"In Reality"

First slide

Valiance and stages of group development

Forming

Storming Norming Performing

Mem

ber i

nvol

vem

ent

"In Reality"

First slide

Valiance and stages of group development

Forming

Storming

Norming Performing

Mem

ber i

nvol

vem

ent

"In Reality"

First slide

Valiance and stages of group development

Forming

Storming

Norming Performing

Mem

ber i

nvol

vem

ent

"In Reality"

First slide

Facilitation skills and the stages of group development

Forming

Storming

Norming Performing

Mem

ber i

nvol

vem

ent

First slide

Forming Storming

Norming Performing

Mem

ber i

nvol

vem

ent Forming

Orientation, Affiliation “in or out” Dependency or

rejection

Facilitators Tasks

Orientation• Clarify purpose of group• Tell what to expect• Establish guidelines

Affiliation• Introduction of members• Expectations yours and theirs

Dependency or Rejection• Clarify program requirements• Emphasize everyone needs a

chance

Facilitation and stages of group development

First slide

Forming Storming

Norming Performing

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vem

ent

Forming to Storming

Transition Helpers1] At beginning of new session, facilitator reviews what was discussed during last session.

2] Try to include as many positive comments about members interactions in previous session.

3] Use the word “group” at least every 3 minutes [or when appropriate].

First slide

Forming

Storming Norming Performing

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ber i

nvol

vem

ent

Storming Conflict, Searching for role Dominance “top or

bottom”

Facilitators TasksConflict

• Clarify guidelines• Accept and recognize patients are

“buying in”

• Give members opportunities for establishing a role [i.e. time keeper, writing on board, charting]

Roles

Dominance• Keep your role• Pair members on tasks• Reinforce participation

First slide

Forming

Storming Norming Performing

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ber i

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vem

ent Storming to

Norming

Transition Helpers1] Ask specific members to be ready to report in next session what was covered today.

2] Have other members give brief overview of guidelines.

3] Accept that “kill the leader” is part of the storming to norming process.

First slide

Forming

Storming

Norming Performing

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ber i

nvol

vem

ent

Norming Cohesion,

Inclusion “near or far” Group think, “us versus them”

First slide

Forming

Storming

Norming Performing

Mem

ber i

nvol

vem

ent

Norming Cohesion,

Inclusion “near or far” Group think, “us versus them”

Facilitator TasksCohesion

• Use terms like we, the group• Let group make reasonable decisions

Inclusion• Focus on members making progress• Get input from all members

Group Think• Reinforce this is one, just one, of the components of their

treatment• Discuss their growth and potential for other meaningful relations

First slide

Forming

Storming

Norming Performing

Mem

ber i

nvol

vem

ent

Norming Cohesion,

Inclusion “near or far” Group think, “us versus them”

Facilitator Tasks

Transition Helpers1] Give members chance to correct course of the group.

2] IF, members are beginning to form as a group and decision needs to be made, say “well it is your group.”

First slide

Valiance and stages of group development

Forming

Storming

Norming Performing

Mem

ber i

nvol

vem

ent

Performing Shared risk taking

Attending to task or to other members “It or us”

Congratulations!You have optimal group performance.

First slide

Facilitation Skills Promoting Group Development

Having participants assume responsibility for the group and their learning greatly increases their involvement and potential to learn.