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INDEX
5. Anatomy of Kidney
6. The Production of Urine
7. Function of Excretory System
8. Diseases of excretory System
1.Excretion
2. Excretory Organ
3. Excretory Products
4. Urinary System
WHAT IS EXCRETION?
Excretion is the process of removing cellular
waste.
It is not removal of undigested material (
Egestion – removal of undigested food
matter )
GOAL – Maintain homeostasis
Take Note !!
The liver is not an excretory organ, but
produces many products which are
excreted elsewhere.
Renal Capsule
Protects kidney
Nephron
Medulla
Made up of pyramids
Pyramid
Made up of collecting ducts
Calyx
Collects urine from collecting
ducts
Papilla
Tips of each pyramid, fits into calyx
Renal artery
Carries blood to kidneys
Renal vein
Carries blood fromkidneys
Ureter
Carries urine from pelvis
to bladder for storage
KIDNEYS
URINARY SYSTEM
The Urinary
System is a group
of organs in the
body concerned with
filtering out excess
fluid and other
substances from the
bloodstream.
Kidneys filter about 1700 liters of blood daily
in the average adult.
Average person loses 2l of liquid per day.
URETHRA
Urethra Itcarries urine outof the body.
• Menurethra iscommon to thereproductivesystem
• Womenurethra is anindependant tube
THE ANATOMY OF THE KIDNEYS
Blood enters the kidneys through the
renal arteries
Each kidney is made up of thousands
of small functional units known as
nephrons. Each one of these
nephrons filters and purify the blood
independently.
Glomerulus capsule
which contains lots of
blood capillaries
Bowman’s capsule surrounds the
glomerulus
The tubules and
the loop of Henle carry the urine to the
ureters
Renal cortexBowman’s capsules
Renal medulla
loops of Henle
and collecting ducts
Renal pelvis ducts which collect
the urine produced
by the nephrons.
THE PRODUCTION OF URINE
The formation of urine is a very
selective process.
Urine contains:
water
toxic substances (urea, uric acid,
etc.)
TAKE NOTE !!
The composition of
sweat is similar to
urine.
It is produced by
filtering the blood
that reaches the
skin.
URINE
3. Urine(water, urea,
uric acid, salts)
arrives to the
renal pelvis,
where reaches
the ureters.
URINE
Urine is a liquid produced by the
kidneys, collected in the bladder and
excreted through the urethra.
FLOW OF URINE
Glomerulus
Renal Tubules
Renal Pelvis
Renal Calices
Ureters
Renal cortex
Renal capsule
Renal medulla
Ureter
Renal vein
Renal artery
Nephron
THE FUNCTIONS OF THE
EXCRETORY SYSTEM
The primary function of the excretory system is:
To get rid of wastes
Eliminates useless by-products excreted from
cells
Eradicates harmful chemical build-ups
Maintains a steady, balanced chemical
concentration
DISEASES OF EXCRETORY
SYSTEM
Renal
insufficiency
kidneys do not
filter the blood
correctly and
waste products
are not removed
from the blood