DRUG ABUSE AND MISUSE

By: Dr. Vahid NikouiEmail:

nikoui@razi.tums.ac.ir

Drug Abuse

Substance abuse

A maladaptive pattern of use of a substance

Compulsive, excessive, and self-damaging use of drugs or substances

Excessive use from a harmful drug (Overuse)

psychoactive drugs or performance enhancing drugs for a non-therapeutic or non-medical effect

Drug Misuse

A term used commonly for prescription medications with clinical efficacy but abuse potential and known adverse effects linked to improper use, such as psychiatric medications with sedative, anxiolytic, analgesic, or stimulant properties.

Usage of a drug to treat a symptom that it is either not prescribed for or not effective against.

Morphine

Abuse or Misuse

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History In 1932, the American Psychiatric Association:

…as a general rule, we reserve the term drug abuse to apply to the illegal, nonmedical use of a limited number of substances, most of them drugs.

In 1966, the American Medical Association's Committee on Alcoholism and Addiction:

Misuse applies to the physician's role in initiating a potentially dangerous course of therapy; and 'abuse' refers to self-administration of these drugs without medical supervision and particularly in large doses that may lead to psychological dependency, tolerance and abnormal behavior.

In 1973 the National Commission on Marijuana and Drug Abuse:

...drug abuse may refer to any type of drug or chemical without regard to its pharmacologic actions.

Philip Jenkins

DrugGHBNicotine

AbuseAlcoholCaffeine

Recreational Drug Use

The use of a drug, usually psychoactive, with the intention of creating or enhancing recreational experience.

Often being considered to be also drug abuse, and it is often illegal.

Also, it may overlap with other uses, such as medicinal (including self medication), performance enhancement, and entheogenic (spiritual).

Responsible Drug Use

A harm reduction strategy based on a belief that illegal recreational drug use can be responsible in terms of reduced or eliminated risk of negative impact on the lives of both the user and others.

Cost

£ 20 billion yearly in UK

Drug Trafficker

Thank You !