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Diet Faddism Abhishek Achar, OMS III

Diet faddism

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Page 1: Diet faddism

Diet FaddismAbhishek Achar, OMS III

Page 2: Diet faddism

What is a Fad Diet?

Characteristics Short Term Weight Loss

No Long Term Goals

Temporary Popularity

Shortcomings Closed to revision

Case Observations held as evidence

Scientifically unsound and dangerous

Manna Health Products

Made popular by

Celebrity

24hr News Networks

Individual Medical Endorsement

Confusion

Aggressive Marketing

Page 3: Diet faddism

Categories

Food Group Exaggeration/RestrictionSome suggested as treatment for disease conditions.

Food EliminationElimination of foods seen as harmful or beneficial in low quantities.

Food LifestyleEmphasis on foods that promote a particular lifestyle.

SupplementationA pill is an easy fix.

Page 4: Diet faddism

Categories

Food Group Exaggeration/RestrictionSome suggested as treatment for disease conditions.

Fruitarianism

Blood Type Diet

Gluten-Free

Atkins

SupplementationA pill is an easy fix.

Hydroxycut

Metabolife

Food LifestyleEmphasis on foods that promote a particular lifestyle.

Low Carbohydrate

Paleolithic

South Beach Diet

Fit for Life

Food EliminationElimination of foods seen as harmful or beneficial in low quantities.

Liquid (Slim-Fast, Lemon Detox)

Atkins

Israeli Army Diet

5:2 Diet

Page 5: Diet faddism

Categories

Food Group Exaggeration/RestrictionSome suggested as treatment for disease conditions.

Fruitarianism

Blood Type Diet

Gluten-Free

Page 6: Diet faddism

Food Group Exaggeration/Restriction

Capitalizes on Individualism

Disease benefit

Religious beliefs

Severely affects critical Nutrients

Zinc, Iron, Calcium, etc.

VitaminsB12/Folate, D, C, etc

Amino acids

Multiple medical risks

Protein-Energy Malnutrition

Anemia

Growth and developmental issues

Social disruptions/ Isolations

Food Obsessions

Death

Page 7: Diet faddism

Food Group Exaggeration/RestrictionFruitarianism

Genesis 1:29 (NIV)

Then God said, “I give you every seed-bearing plant on the face of the whole earth and every tree that has fruit with seed in it. They will be yours for food.”

A subset of veganism

Fruits, vegetables, nuts, and seeds

Restricts animal products or grains.

Steve Jobs, Noted Fruitarian

Named company Apple while on the diet.

Delayed medical care for Pancreatic Cancer due to belief in herbal alternatives.

Aston Kutcher hospitalized attributed to diet while preparing for Jobs.

http://www.dailymail.co.uk

Page 8: Diet faddism

Categories

Food EliminationElimination of foods seen as harmful or beneficial in low quantities.

Liquid (Slim-Fast, Lemon Detox)

Atkins

HCG Diet

Israeli Army Diet

5:2 Diet

Page 9: Diet faddism

Food Elimination

Short term

Severe caloric restrictions

Sudden/Immediate weight loss

Participants will gain back weight when diet is stopped.

Page 10: Diet faddism

Food Elimination5:2 Diet

The Diet

Severe calorie restriction for 2 non-consecutive days

Men: <600 kcal

Women: <500 kcal

Normal eating on other 5 days.

In some studies, calorie restriction showed improvement in the longevity of rodents and non-human primates

The impact on humans is unknown.

http://www.amazon.com

Page 11: Diet faddism

Categories

SupplementationA pill is an easy fix.

Hydroxycut

Metabolife

Page 12: Diet faddism

Supplementation

Targets those pushing physical limits

Regularly involved in False advertising

Political Lobbying

Linked to Psychosis

MI, CVA

DKA

Ephedra banned in 2004 Common additive

Linked to 155 deaths

Showcase of poor regulation of dietary supplements in the US

http://www.wikipedia.com

Page 13: Diet faddism

Categories

Food LifestyleEmphasis on foods that promote a particular lifestyle.

Low Carbohydrate

Paleolithic

South Beach Diet

Fit for Life

Page 14: Diet faddism

Food Lifestyle

Loosely considered “Fad Diet” Popularity is cyclic, unlike most Fad Diets

Emphasizes dietary regiments along side lifestyle changes Low-Carb

Low-Fat

Naturally occurring foods

More effective for short-term weight loss Not for Health Maintenance

Page 15: Diet faddism

Food LifestyleLow Carbohydrate Diets

Decreased intake of simple carbohydrates

Very Low Carb: 0-60g

Low Carb: <60-130g

Targeted metabolic Ketosis for rapid

Glycogen breakdown

Fluid Loss

Fatty Acid breakdown

Ketogenic diet

Used for refractory, non-surgical epilepsy

Efficacy in children with specific epileptic conditions

60% showed >50% seizure reduction

30% showed >90% seizure reduction

Extreme caution in Diabetic Patients

Absolute contraindications

Carnitine Deficiency, Porphyria, Fatty Acid Oxidation Defects, Pyruvate Carboxylase Deficiency.

http://www.personaltrainerdublindbomb.wordpress.com

Page 16: Diet faddism

Losing Weight the Healthy Way

1. Eat Less! Consume no more than 22 kcal/kg of

body weight.

Make sure to eat a balanced diet.

Guide provided by FDA.

2. Exercise more! Recommendations range around at least

150 minutes of moderate intensity aerobic activity

75 minutes of vigorous intensity activity per week

Both increase Intensity and Frequency reduce CV risk

Make sure to consult a doctor before starting a regiment.

3. Be Happy! Seriously. I’m not kidding…

http://www.cnpp.usda.gov

Page 17: Diet faddism

Information for patients

Always do your research when considering a new diet.

Evidence and research is typically limited when it comes to the effectiveness and safety of diets.

If you are considering a new diet or exercise regiment, consult your doctor first.

Not everyone can safely participate in any one particular diet.

All of the diets discussed are controversial.

Health Maintenance and Long Term Wellbeing are better achieved with lifestyle changes to diet and exercise and realistic goal modifications.