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IndianMedTrip’s CLEAR & UNBIASED GUIDE TO
HIP REPLACEMENT SURGERY
1
OVERVIEW
RISKS & COMPLICATIONS
HOW TO PREPARE?
MAIN PROCEDURE
POST-OPERATIVE CARE
FINAL OUTCOME
COST OF SURGERY
CONCLUSION
2
Seeking Affordable Hip Replacement Surgery
with IndianMedTrip
Orthopedic surgeons generally remove damaged sections of the patient’s hip joint so
as to replace them with parts that are usually constructed of metal & extremely hard
plastic materials during hip replacement surgery. This prosthesis or artificial joint
helps the patient reduce pain & improve function at the same time. Total hip
arthroplasty is hip replacement surgery which is an ideal option for people with hip
pain interfering with daily activities in cases where more conservative treatments
have not proved to be helpful. Arthritis damage is one of the most common reasons
for people to seek total hip replacement surgery.
Figure 1. Total Hip Replacement
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Why Undergo Total Hip Replacement Surgery
There are many conditions which can damage the hip joint & sometimes make it
necessary for the person to undergo total hip joint replacement surgery.
Osteoarthritis – This is commonly known as ‘wear & tear’ arthritis.
Osteoarthritis eventually damages slick cartilage which covers the ends of
bones & thereby enable joints move smoothly.
Rheumatoid Arthritis – Generally caused by an overactive immune
system, rheumatoid arthritis typically produces a type of inflammation which
can erode both bone & cartilage so as to deform joints.
Osteonecrosis – Bone may eventually collapse & deform in cases where
there is inadequate supply of blood to the ball portion of the hip joint.
Figure 2. Comparison between Osteoarthritic & Rheumatoid Arthritic Knees
People may consider hip replacement surgery in case they are experiencing pain with
the following symptoms.
Persisting pain, despite pain medication.
Pain worsening with walking, even with help of a cane or walker.
Pain interfering with sleep.
Pain affecting the patient’s ability to go up or down the stairs.
Pain which is making it difficult to rise from a seated position.
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Risks & complications which are associated with hip replacement surgery include the
following.
Infection – Infections are normally found to occur at the site of incisions &
within deeper tissue near the new hip joint. Most of these infections are
effectively treated with antibiotics, but in case there is a major infection near
the artificial hip joint will require another surgery in order to remove &
replace the prosthetic joint.
Blood Clots – These clots can form within leg veins following hip joint
replacement surgery. This can sometimes be dangerous when a piece of clot
will break off & travel to the patient’s lung, heart or in rare cases to the brain.
Doctors may therefore often prescribe blood-thinning medications in order to
reduce this risk.
Dislocation – Certain positions are found to cause ball of the new joint to
get dislodged. It is therefore often recommended that people who have
undergone total hip replacement surgery should not bend over 90 degrees at
hip & should not let their legs cross the midline of the body to avoid the
problem of dislocation. In case hip dislocates, orthopedic surgeons may fit the
patient with a brace so as to keep them in correct position. Moreover, another
surgery is often required to stabilize the joint in case the hip keeps dislocating.
Figure 3. X-Ray of Dislocated Hip Replacement
Fracture – Healthy portions of the patient’s hip joint may also sometimes
fracture during surgery. At times these fractures are so small that they can
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heal on their own; but then larger fractures will need to be corrected with pins,
wires & sometimes possibly with grafts.
Loosening – Though this complication is quite rare with new implants, it
happens only when the new joint may not solidly fix to the bone or may
sometimes loosen with time so as to cause pain in the hip. Another surgery
might therefore be required to fix this loosening problem.
Change in Leg length – Although orthopedic surgeons take the required
steps to avoid this kind of problem, it occasionally happens that the new hip
joint makes one leg shorter or longer than the other. Sometimes, this is found
to be caused by weakness in muscles surrounding the hip joint. However,
progressively stretching & strengthening these muscles can effectively help in
such cases.
Need for a Second Hip Replacement Surgery
Prosthetic hip joints may eventually wear-out & therefore, young & active patients
undergoing hip replacement surgery may need a second hip replacement procedure
in their lifetime. However, newer materials utilized nowadays are making these
implants last longer so that a second hip replacement surgery may not be necessary
for many years.
Figure 4. Types of Hip Implants
Metal-On-Metal Complications – Most prosthetic hip joints have ceramic or
polished metal balls which fit into a cup liner made of extremely hard plastic. Some
other types of artificial joints use metal cup liners that although last longer but may
cause various other problems. Metal-on-metal artificial joints are likely to release
metal ions into the patient’s bloodstream & which can cause inflammation & bone
erosion. Mainly due to these concerns, metal-on-metal artificial joints are rarely used
nowadays.
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Preparing for Hip Replacement Surgery
Figure 5. Interacting with the Doctor
Patients will meet the orthopedic surgeon for examination prior to undergoing hip
replacement surgery. The patient & the surgeon are most likely to discuss & take the
following steps for evaluation.
Orthopedic surgeons would ask about the patient’s medical history & list of
current medications they are taking.
Surgeon will conduct a brief general physical examination in order to make
sure that the patient is healthy enough to undergo surgery.
Doctors will examine the patient’s hip while paying good attention to the
range of motion within the hip joint & strength of surrounding muscles.
Doctors will order blood tests, X-ray & also possibly an MRI test.
These preoperative evaluation tests are also a good opportunity for patients to ask
questions about hip replacement surgery procedure. Patients must make sure to find
out from doctors about which medications they should be continuing or avoiding in
the week before undergoing hip replacement surgery.
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Hip Replacement Surgery Procedure
When patients check in for hip replacement surgery, they will be asked by the
healthcare team to remove clothes & put on a hospital gown. Subsequently, patients
are either given a spinal block or general anesthetic which will either numb the lower
half of the body or put him to sleep during the procedure.
During Hip Replacement Surgery Procedure
Surgeons will take the following steps in order to perform hip replacement surgery.
Make incision over front or side of hip through layers of tissue.
Remove damaged & diseased cartilage & bone while leaving the healthy bone
intact.
Implanting prosthetic socket into pelvic bone so as to replace the damaged
socket.
Replace round top of the femur with prosthetic ball which is attached to a
stem fitted into the patient’s thighbone.
Figure 6. Total Hip Replacement Procedure
Techniques which are adopted for hip replacement surgery are still in an evolving
stage. Nevertheless, orthopedic surgeons continue to develop lesser invasive
techniques with a hope that these techniques may reduce time for recovery & pain
when compared with standard hip replacement procedures. However, studies which
compared outcomes of standard hip replacement surgery with minimally invasive
hip replacement techniques have put forward mixed results.
After Hip Replacement Surgery
Patient will be moved to a recovery area for a few hours of monitoring until the time
anesthesia wears off following hip replacement surgery. Nurses & other members of
the healthcare team will keep a watch on the patient’s alertness, pulse, blood
pressure, pain or level of comfort & his/her need for medications.
8
Preventing Blood Clot Following Hip
Replacement Surgery
Patients will be at increased risk of developing blood clots in legs following hip
replacement surgery. They should therefore take the following preventive measures
so as to avoid complications.
Early Mobilization – Patients are encouraged to sit up & try walking with
crutches or walkers soon after hip replacement surgery. This is most likely to
happen on the same day or on the next day following hip replacement surgery.
Figure 7. Walking with Crutches/Walker
Pressure Application – This is done both during & after hip replacement
surgery. Patients may for this purpose have to wear elastic compression
stockings or inflatable air sleeves which are similar to blood pressure cuffs on
lower legs. Pressure exerted by inflated sleeves will help in keeping blood from
pooling within veins in leg & thereby reduce chances of formation of blood
clots.
Blood Thinning Medications – Orthopedic surgeons often prescribe
either an injected or oral blood thinning medication following hip replacement
surgery. The choice of the two will however depend upon how soon the patient
is able to walk, how active he/she is & overall risk of blood clots. Patients may
also need to take these blood thinning medications for several weeks following
hip replacement surgery.
9
Physical Therapy Following Hip Replacement
Surgery
Physical therapists can often help hip replacement surgery patients with some
exercises they can do in the hospital & at home for speedy recovery. Activity &
exercise must in fact be a regular part of the patient’s daily plan in order to regain the
use of muscles & the hip joint. Physical therapists will recommend mobility &
strengthening exercises which eventually can help patients learn how to use walking
aids like a cane, walker or crutches. As the training progresses, patients can gradually
increase weight they put on the leg until they are able to walk without any assistance.
Figure 8. Exercises
Follow Up Care & Recovery at Home after Hip Replacement Surgery
Before patients leave the hospital, both the hip replacement surgery patient & the
caregiver are given tips on how to care for the new hip for a smooth transition.
Patients must arrange for a friend or a relative to prepare meals for them.
Everyday items at home must be placed at waist level so that they can avoid
bending down or reaching up to fetch them.
Patients must essentially consider making modifications at home like getting
a raised toilet seat for one.
Six to eight weeks following hip replacement surgery, patients will have to return to
the hospital for a follow-up appointment with the orthopedic surgeon to ensure that
the hip is healing properly. In case recovery is progressing well, most patients would
also be able to resume normal activities by this time, even if it were in a limited
fashion. However, further recovery with improvement in strength will take anywhere
between 6 – 12 months of time to complete.
10
Hip Replacement Surgery Outcome
Hip replacement surgery patients can expect the new hip joint to effectively reduce
pain they felt before undergoing surgery along with substantial increase in range of
motion of the hip joint. However, they should not be expecting to do everything
including what they could not before hip replacement surgery, like running or playing
basketball which may be too stressful on the new artificial joint. But then, they may
be in time able to hike, swim, play golf or even comfortably ride a bike.
Low Cost Hip Total Replacement Surgery in
India
Figure 9. Medical Tourism in India India has emerged as one of the most popular healthcare tourism destinations
providing affordable medical procedures to people from all across the world.
Featuring a large pool of highly skilled doctors & surgeons who have initially trained
& experienced in developed western countries before returning to their homeland,
they are aware of the emerging trends & adept in handling latest technologies.
Healthcare infrastructure in the country is extensive & comprises of nationally &
internationally accredited hospital facilities managed by English speaking
professional staff. Moreover, in order to promote tourism Government of India has
eased & made it easier for international patients obtain medical visas. Wide spectrum
of medical procedures that are available in India at reasonable costs cover an
extensive range of specialties including cardiac, orthopedic, oncology, gynecology,
spine surgery, urology, ophthalmology, robotic & cosmetic surgery to name a few.
11
Avail Affordable Hip Replacement Surgery with
IndianMedTrip
IndianMedTrip is a globally reputed medical tourism company which is based in
India. Associated with the top doctors, surgeons & accredited hospital facilities,
IndianMedTrip is ideally positioned so as to provide a wide range of affordable
healthcare services to international patients. In fact, variety of seamless services
provided by IndianMedTrip, begin with the first telephonic conversation & move on
to identifying the best doctor & ideal hospital facility for the patient as per his
requirements. Other list of efficient services offered by IndianMedTrip include
assisting the patient & his/her accomplice obtain medical visas, warm reception at
the airport when the patient arrives for treatment, convenient arrangements for local
travel, comfortable accommodation options which include budget hotels, luxury
hotels or serviced apartments nearby the hospital facility, scheduled appointments
with doctors & surgeons for treatments without any waiting period, choice of an
exotic recuperative vacation at reasonable costs, follow-up evaluation checks with the
operating surgeon & a successful farewell sendoff when the patient decides to head
back home.
FOR MORE DETAILS ON DIFFERENT MEDICAL TREATMENTS IN INDIA,
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