Mader's Concepts in Biology, First Edition

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Sylvia S. Mader

Chapter 3

Question 1

Molecules which speed up chemical reactions in cells are called:

A. vitamins

B. minerals

C. carbohydrates

D. enzymes

E. lipids

Question 2

In general, plants have more types of enzymes when compared to animals due to the process of photosynthesis.

A. true

B. false

Question 3

Which of the following statements is not true?A. plants produce more molecules than animals due to

photosynthesisB. animals produce more molecules than plants due to

their complexityC. plants produce more molecules than animals to

protect themselvesD. animals produce fewer molecules than plants for

supportE. plants produce more molecules than animals for

coloration

Question 4

A chemist is studying organic molecules in her lab. Which of the following molecules would she be least interested in studying?

A. carbohydrates

B. proteins

C. water

D. nucleic acids

E. lipids

Question 5

Which of the following organisms uses chitin for structure and support?

A. a cactus

B. a bacteria

C. a tree

D. a crab

E. a human

Question 6

Which of the following organic molecules would bacteria use to strengthen its cell wall?

A. cellulose

B. starch

C. chitin

D. glycogen

E. peptidoglycans

Question 7

The most essential ingredient in organic molecules is hydrogen.

A. true

B. false

Question 8

Which of the following is not a statement associated with organic molecules?

A. they always form through ionic bondsB. they are quite large and bond with many

atomsC. they are associated with living organismsD. they always contain carbon bonded to other

atomsE. they always form through covalent bonds

Question 9

Because carbon only has four electrons in its outer shell, carbon must:

A. gain four electrons to complete its outer shell

B. lose four electrons to become stable

C. share four electrons to complete its outer shell

D. share two electrons to complete its outer shell

E. gain or lose two electrons depending on what it is bonding with

Question 10

A chemist is studying a specific combination of bonded atoms which always react in the same way. Which of the following would he or she be most likely interested in studying?

A. a hydrophilic groupB. a covalent groupC. a hydrophobic groupD. a functional groupE. an organic group

Question 11

Which of the following molecules transform a carbon chain into an alcohol?

A. carboxyl

B. phosphate

C. carbonyl

D. sulfhydryl

E. hydroxyl

Question 12

Which of the molecules would be associated with nucleotides and phospholipids?

A. carboxyl

B. phosphate

C. carbonyl

D. sulfhydryl

E. hydroxyl

Question 13

Which of the following molecules can ionize and release hydrogen ions to make the solution more acidic?

A. carboxyl

B. phosphate

C. carbonyl

D. sulfhydryl

E. hydroxyl

Question 14

A chemist is in the lab studying a large organic molecule with many subunits. Which of the following terms would best describe the molecule that he or she is studying?

A. monomerB. isomerC. polymerD. hydromerE. hydrophilic

Question 15

A molecule which speeds a reaction by bringing the reactants together is referred to as:

A. a lipid

B. an enzyme

C. a nucleic acid

D. a carbohydrate

E. a glycerol

Question 16

The removal of a hydroxyl group and a hydrogen atom from two molecules to join them together is known as:

A. a hydrolysis reaction

B. a monomer reaction

C. a polymer reaction

D. a dehydration reaction

E. a hydrophilic reaction

Question 17

For a hydrolysis reaction to occur there must be water and many monomers.

A. true

B. false

Question 18

In metabolism, which of the following molecules would be used for an immediate and quick source of energy?

A. protein

B. nucleic acids

C. lipids

D. water

E. carbohydrates

Question 19

Which of the following molecules is not a monosaccharide?

A. sucrose

B. glucose

C. ribose

D. galactose

E. deoxyribose

Question 20

To convert two monosaccharides into a disaccharide, which of the following reactions would be needed?

A. a hydrolysis reaction

B. an isomeric reaction

C. a dehydration reaction

D. a hydrophobic reaction

E. a hydrophilic reaction