1. Body Image and Beauty Standards Arts and Entertainment Coverage

2. Key Term and Discussion How do you think mass media affects body image? Body Image A subjective picture of one s own physical appearance established by both self-observation and by noting the reaction of others 3. Media Exposure

American teenagers consume10 hours and 45 minutes of media a day.

In terms of mediums of arts and entertainment:

• 31 hours a week watching TV

• 4 hours a week reading magazines

• 10 hours a week online

4. How would you change this photograph to attract your audience? SCENARIO: You are the arts director of a popular entertainment magazine. You need a cover photo that will attract readers to your magazine over others. 5. Changes: Before and After Photoshop

Bigger Bust

Tanner/ More Glowing Skin

Smoothed-out stomach

Underarm lines removed

Flab of skin on opposite shoulder removed

Removed Sock

More relaxed hands

6. This is all about capitalism. The exploitation of womens bodies sells products, magazines, et cetera. Lindy Devoken Former Executive Vice President of NBC Entertainment 7. A Vicious Cycle Representatives of entertainment media, such as Lindy Devoken, understand their impact on the medias exploitation of women. However, in order to make a profit, they are often forced to continue this cycle. 8. Impact on Men

It is common in society to focus on entertainment medias impact on women, and all of the body image issues created for the female audience. What about mens body image in media? In a documentary on cosmetic alteration calledBeyond Plastic Surgery,it was made clear that men are equally obsessed with self-observation and body perfection (Webber 291).

Media plays a significant role in this self-image. Conceptually, the late twentieth and early twenty-first centuries are awash with the power of images and consumerism, so that the flooding of visual images through television, advertising, the internet and other forms of popular culture means thatmenexperience greater awareness of body ideals and greater pressure to work toward, even if not to achieve fully, perfect bodies (292).

Masculine Ideals:

• Strong, muscular bodies biceps, shoulders, arms, chest, back, abs, calves)

• • According to the documentary, this means that men are increasingly seeking silicone implants to simulate muscular contours and hardness (these include calf implants and abdominal silicone six packs) (Webber 292).

• Physical attractiveness face and facial features

• Physical conditioning stamina, weight, energy level

9. Key Term and Discussion What is the purpose of using Photoshop to edit an image? Why does mass media do this? Photoshop To alter (as a digital image) with computer software 10. Controversy: Photoshop

On the cover of GQ in 2003:

Kate Winslet:

"The retouching is excessive. I do not look like that and more importantly I don't desire to look like that.

"I actually have a Polaroid that the photographer gave me on the day of the shoot I can tell you they've reduced the size of my legs by about a third. For my money it looks pretty good the way it was taken."

Magazine Editor, Dylan Jones:

"These pictures are not a million miles away from what she really looks like.

"Kate is currently thinner than I have ever seen her, petite and sexy."

11. Imperfections in Entertainment Media

The media avoids natural beauty because focusing on this would not allow them to make as much money. In order to collect a profit, entertainment media finds ways to make people insecure.

Age

Weight

Height

Skin Color/ Type

Style/ Fashion

Natural body features: teeth, nose, eyes, mouth, chin, hair, etc.

12. Key Term and Effects FromThe Journal of Advertising: the idealized images conveyed by the media vehicles may engender a sense of displeasure in consumers with their current physical appearance Advertisements then fill the emotional voidby generating their own set of idealized images that, when read in context of the broader media universe, implicitly promise that the promoted product can move the consumer toward the ideal state. Individual consumers are subtly enticed to engage in an ongoing cycle of consumption in quest of theever-elusive media ideals (Hirschman 44-45). Advertisement A public notice;especiallyone published in the press or broadcast over the air 13. A lot of advertising is based on making people feel anxious and feeling insecure. The effect is primarily subconscious. It is very harmful.

Jean Kilbourne

Filmmaker,Killing Me Softly

14. Body Image and Advertising

The media uses this ideal beauty image to increase sales. Using thisunrealisticimage, entertainment media creates a standard for viewers who will go out and try to buy the products that will give them the image they see in the advertisement.

A good example of this can be seen in the medias creation of makeover shows such as ABCS Extreme Makeover. 15. Effects of Advertising: Case Study on Media Exposure and Eating HabitsLinkto the study 16. Shaping Body Image

Less Extreme Methods:

Make-up

Tanning

Photoshop

Airbrushing

Extreme, Permanent Methods:

Plastic Surgery

Botox

Liposuction/ Fat Injections

17. Key Terms and Discussion Plastic surgery, recently, is viewedmore as a purely cosmetic procedure. It was intended to be a reconstructive procedure, but due to media s attempt to normalizethis dangerous and painful surgery, more people are spending their hard earned money to correct theimperfectionsin their faces and bodies. Plastic Surgery Surgery done to repair, restore, or improve lost, injured, defective, or misshapen body parts 18. Discussion: Teens and Plastic Surgery

According to anarticleinABC News,13-year-old Nicolette Taylor was allowed to get a nose job after being teased by peers on Facebook.

Her father:You send them to a good school, you buy them shoesYoud get them braces, which we did. Its that kind of thing.

Discussion:

Discuss the comment posed by her father. Is a nose job the same as allowing a teenager to get braces? Why or why not?

Do you agree with her parents decision to allow her to get plastic surgery? Why or why not?

What effect, if any, do you think media had on her decision? On the bullying by peers?

Nearly 210,000 cosmetic plastic surgery procedures were performed on people age 13 to 19 in 2009, according to the American Society of Plastic Surgeons. While adults tend to have plastic surgery to stand out from the crowd, teens tend to have surgery to change the parts of their body they believe are flawed so that they can fit in with their peers, experts say. -ABC Newsarticle entitled Teens Choose Plastic Surgery to Boost Self Esteem