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Art Therapy with a Mexican-American Girl who Seeks Emotional Comfort through Binge Eating
Beatriz Ramirez
Presentation Overview
Comfort FoodBinge EatingFamily Role in Binge EatingClient ProfileCase StudyConclusionPersonal Experiences as an Art Therapist
Comfort Food
Nostalgic and sentimental appeal
Physiological and psychological motivations (Wansink, Cheney, & Chan, 2003).
Addictive qualities
Binge Eating
Overeating and loss of control (Fairburn, 1995)
Characteristics of a binge
FeelingsSpeed of eatingAgitationFeeling of altered consciousnessSecretivenessLoss of control
Triggers, Causes and Factors
Family Role in Binge Eating
Family Dynamic Dysfunction Concealed Problems (Ringer and Crittenden, 2007)
Insecure attachment (Sharpe et al., 1996)
Internal emptiness (Maine, 1991)
Introduction to Site
Private non-profit organization in the Colorado Front Range
Focuses on relieving isolation, reducing the stress of parenting, and prevent child abuse and neglect by providing outreach
Offer group and individual psychotherapy and art therapy
Client Profile and History
Ten year old Mexican-American girl
Born and raised in the Colorado Front Range
Heart shaped face with soft pink cheeks, big black eyes, long lashes, and shy but warm smile
Olive complexion and a little overweight
Her voice is soft and has a delicate sound
Her speech is clear but has an accent when speaking English
Her native language is Spanish
Client History
Currently going through major family and financial stressors.
Weight problems since the age of seven.
She was assessed for binge eating and anxiety.
Developmental and Educational History
At Erik Erikson's “industry vs. inferiority” stage of development (Eccles, 1999)
Enrolled in the fifth grade in a public school
Her aspirations are to become an architect
Reasons for Seeking Therapy
Entered therapy at mother's request
Shyness, anxiety, lack of initiative, negative body image, and eating issues.
Occasional binge, especially when nervous and restless.
Eats rapidly and big portions
Eats four to five times during the day
Loves making art
Theoretical Perspective & Application
Client-Centered Expressive Art Therapy
Integration of Carl Roger's client-centered, and Natalie Roger's expressive art therapy approaches.
Client-Centered Therapy
Assist people in becoming more autonomous, spontaneous, and confident (Malchiodi, 2003).
Expressive Art Therapy
People are capable of expressing rather than repressing their own maladjustments (Malchiodi, 2003).
Theoretical Perspective & Application
Facilitate the growth of the individual (Rogers, 2001).Active and empathetic “seeing” (Rogers, 2001).Unconditional, positive regards for a person's art expression (Malchiodi, 2003).Proven beneficial in eating disorder treatment (Palmera, 2009).Used this approach to visually explore feelings and provide luscious buffet of art materials as alternative to binge eating.Integrated classical music, scented candles, and movement.
Kramer Art Evaluation
Background
Initiated by Edith Kramer in 1974 with the assistance of Art Therapist Jane Field, ATR (Kramer, 2000).
Rationale
Gain as much information in the first session to see a sample of her art work
Interaction with art materials
Observe how child handles directives
Get feel for values and how she sees herself
Child's Attitude During the Sessions
Cooperative, respectful, and warm
Painting appears loose and playful
Drawing seems rigid and controlled
Took time get comfortable working with clay
Art Therapy Treatment Plan
Assets/Strengths:
Good student
Friendly, warm
Ability to stay focused
Adapts easily to art materials
Art Therapy Treatment Plan
Goals:Build rapport and trust.
Create a safe place to encourage expression of feelings.
Increase client's ability to asset herself by making more independent choices with art materials.
Increase client's ability to cope with food related issues.
Art Therapy Treatment PlanArt-Based Interventions
Third hand intervention
Story telling
Provided client with an array of art materials to feed her needs and indulge her senses with color, and texture
Provided tools to reduce stress and anxiety
Conclusions
She has overcome her shyness, and has become more assertive
She has been able to cope with stress and anxiety
She has been more communicative during the discussion of her artwork
She still struggles with binge eating, but is able to manage overeating impulse by making art
Food themes still appear in art during non-directive activities
Joint session with mother and sister
Personal Experiences as anArt Therapist
Leading groups in Spanish
Countertransference
Learned to follow my client's lead
Self-Care