AYUSH

Manju Pilania

AYUSH

Contents

• Introduction

• Different Systems of Indian medicine

• Evolution of AYUSH

• Objectives

• Infrastructure

• Outlay and expenditure

• AYUSH related Foreign trade

• Mainstreaming of AYUSH under NRHM

• Report of the Working Group on AYUSH for 12th Five-

Year Plan

• Public Health Importance.

Introduction

• The Indian System of Medicine is the culmination of

Indian thought of medicine which represents a way

of healthy living valued with a long and unique

cultural history

• It also amalgamates the best of influences that

came in from contact with other civilizations be it

o Greece (resulting in Unani Medicine),

o Germany (Homeopathy) or

o Our sages (which gave us the science of Ayurveda, Siddha

as also Yoga & Naturopathy).

Introduction

• Like the multifaceted culture in our country,

traditional medicines have evolved over centuries

blessed with a plethora of traditional medicines and

practices.

Ayurveda

• Ayurveda is a classical system of healthcare originating from the Vedas documented around 5000 years ago.

• Around 1000 B.C. the knowledge of Ayurveda was first comprehensively documented in the compendia called Charak Samhita and SushrutaSamhita.

• As per the fundamental basis of Ayurveda, all objects and living bodies are composed of five basic elements, called the Pancha Mahabhootas, namely:

o Prithvi (earth), Jal (water), Agni (fire), Vayu (air) and

Akash(ether).

Ayurveda

• Ayurveda imbibes the humeral theory of Tridosha-

o Vata (ether + air),

o Pitta (fire) and

o Kapha (earth + water),

which are considered as the three physiological

entities in living beings responsible for all metabolic

functions.

• The mental characters of human beings are

attributable to Satva, Rajas and Tamas, which are

the psychological properties of life collectively

terms as ‘Triguna’.

Ayurveda

• Ayurveda aims to keep structural and functional entities

in a state of equilibrium, which signifies good health

(Swasthya).

• Any imbalance due to internal or external factors can

cause disturbance in the natural equilibrium giving rise

to disease and the treatment consists of restoring the

equilibrium through various procedures, regimen, diet,

medicines and behavior change.

• The preventive aspect of Ayurveda is called Svasth-

Vritta and includes personal hygiene, daily and

seasonal regimens, appropriate social behavior and use

of materials & practices for healthy aging and

prevention of premature loss of health attribute.

Ayurveda

• The curative treatment consists of Aushadhi (drugs),

Ahara (diet) and Vihara (life style).

• Ayurveda largely uses plants as raw materials for

the manufacture of drugs, though materials of

animal and marine origin, metals and minerals are

also used.

• Ayurvedic medicines are generally safe and have

little or no known adverse side-effects, if

manufactured properly and consumed judiciously

following necessary DOs and DON’Ts.

Ayurveda

• Ayurveda is proven to be effective in the treatment

of chronic, metabolic and life style diseases for

which satisfactory solutions are not available in

conventional medicine.

• Over the years, Kshar Sutra and Panchakarma

therapies of Ayurveda have become very popular

among the public.

• Panchakarma is a unique therapeutic procedure

for the radical elimination of disease-causing

factors and to maintain the equilibrium of humors.

Ayurveda

• Panchakarma include 5 detoxification processes,

used to treat diseases, according to Ayurveda.

o Vamana (Medicated emesis),

o Virechana (Medicated purgation),

o Basti (Medicated enema),

o Nasya (medication through the route of nose),

o Raktamokshana (Blood letting)

The Panchakarma therapy minimizes the chances

of recurrence of the diseases and promotes

positive health by rejuvenating body tissues and

bio-purification.

Ayurveda

• Kshar Sutra is a para-surgical intervention using an

alkaline thread for cauterization, which is

scientifically validated to be effective in the

treatment of fistula-in-ano and such surgical

conditions as require excision of overgrown soft

tissue like polyps, warts, non-healing chronic ulcers,

sinuses and papillae.

Unani

• As the name indicates, Unani system originated in

Greece.

• The foundation of Unani system was laid by

Hippocrates.

• It was introduced in India by the Arabs and Persians

sometime around the eleventh century.

• During 13th and 17th century A.D. Unani Medicine

had its hey-day in India.

Unani

• The basic theory of Unani system is based upon the

well- known four- humour theory of Hippocrates.

Unani

• The human body is considered to be made up of

the following seven components are:

o Arkan (Elements)

o Mizaj (Temperament)

o Akhlat (Humors)

o Aaza (Organs)

o Arwah (Spirits or vital breaths)

o Quwa (energy)

o Afaal (Functions)

Unani

• Unani system of Medicine has been found to be

efficacious in conditions like

o Rheumatoid Arthritis,

o Jaundice,

o Nervous Debility,

o Skin Diseases like Vitiligo & Eczema,

o Sinusitis and Bronchial Asthma.

Unani

• For the prevention of disease and promotion of

health, the Unani System emphasizes six essentials

(Asbab-e-Sitta Zarooria):-

a) pure air

b) food and water

c) physical movement and rest

d) psychic movement and rest

e) sleep and wakefulness and

f) retention of useful materials and evacuation of waste

materials from the body.

Unani

• There are four forms of treatment in Unani medicine-

o Ilaj bid Dawa (Pharmacotherapy),

o Ilaj bil Ghiza (Deitotherapy),

o Ilaj Bid Tadbir (Regimenal Therapy) and

o Ilaj bil Jarahat (Surgery).

Unani

• Regimenal Therapy is a special technique/

physical method of treatment to improve the

constitution of body by removing waste materials

and improving the defense mechanism of the body

and protect health.

• Some of the special techniques are

o Fasd (Blood-letting)- Withdrawal of often little

quantities of blood from a patient to cure or

prevent illness and disease.

o Dalk (Massage)

o Riyazat (Exercise)

Unani

o Hijama (Cupping)- A partial vacuum is created

in cups placed on the skin either by means of

heat or suction. This draws up the underlying

tissues. When the cup is left in place on the skin

for a few minutes, blood stasis is formed and

localized healing takes place.

o Taleeq-e-Alaq (Leeching)- application of a

living leech to the skin in order to initiate blood

flow or deplete blood from a localized area of

the body.

o Hammame- Har (Turkish Bath)

o Amal-e- Kai (Cauterization).

Siddha

• The Siddha System of medicine is one of the ancient systems of medicine in India having its close bend with Dravidian culture.

• The term Siddha means achievements and Siddharsare those who have achieved results in medicine.

• The Siddha system of Medicine emphasizes on the patient, environment, age, sex, race, habits, mental frame work, habitat, diet, appetite, physical condition, physiological constitution of the diseases for its treatment which is individualistic in nature.

Siddha

• Diagnosis of diseases are done through

examination of pulse, urine, eyes, study of voice,

colour of body, tongue and status of the digestion

of individual patients.

• System has unique treasure for the conversion of

metals and minerals as drugs and many infective

diseases are treated with the medicines containing

specially processed mercury, silver, arsenic, lead

and sulphur without any side effects.

Siddha

• The strength of the Siddha system lies in providing

very effective therapy in the case of

o Psoriasis,

o Rheumatic disorders,

o Chronic liver disorders,

o Benign prostate hypertrophy,

o Bleeding piles,

o Peptic ulcer

o Various kinds of Dermatological disorders of non psoriatic

nature.

Yoga

• The word "Yoga" comes from the Sanskrit word "yuj" which means "to unite or integrate.“

•

• Yoga is about the union of a person's own consciousness and the universal consciousness.

• It is primarily a way of life, first propounded by Patanjali in systematic form.

• Yoga is a promotive, preventive rehabilitative and curative intervention for overall enhancement of health status.

Yoga

• It consists of eight components namely,

o Restraint (Yama),

o observance of austerity (Niyama),

o physical postures (Asana),

o breathing exercise (Pranayam),

o restraining of sense organs (Pratyahar),

o contemplation (Dharna),

o Meditation (Dhyan) and

o Deep meditation (Samadhi).

Yoga

o These steps in the practice of Yoga have the

potential to improve social and personal behavior

and to promote physical health by better

circulation of oxygenated blood in the body,

restraining the sense organs and thereby inducing

tranquility and serenity of mind.

• The practice of Yoga has also been found to be

useful in the prevention of certain psychosomatic

diseases and improves individual resistance and

ability to endure stressful situations.

Naturopathy

• Naturopathy advocates living in harmony with

constructive principles of Nature on the physical,

mental, moral and spiritual planes.

• Naturopathy promotes healing by stimulating the

body’s inherent power to regain health with the

help of five elements of nature – Earth, Water, Air,

Fire and Ether.

• Naturopathy advocates ‘Better Health without

Medicines’.

• It is reported to be effective in chronic, allergic

autoimmune and stress related disorders.

Naturopathy

• The theory and practice of Naturopathy are based

on a holistic view point with particular attention to

o simple eating and living habits,

o fasting,

o hydrotherapy-body packs, baths

o mud packs, massages,

o Under Water Exercises,

o Air therapy

o Magnet Therapy, Chromo-therapy,

o Acupuncture, Acupressure etc.

Homoeopathy

• The Physicians from the time of Hippocrates (around

400 B.C.) have observed that certain substances

could produce symptoms of a disease in healthy

people similar to those of people suffering from the

disease.

• Dr. Christian Friedrich Samuel Hahnemann, a

German physician, scientifically examined this

phenomenon and codified the fundamental

principles of Homoeopathy.

• Homoeopathy was brought into India around 1810

A.D. by European missionaries and received official

recognition in 1948 by the Parliament.

Homoeopathy

• First principle of Homoeopathy ‘Similia Similibus

Curentur’- a medicine which could induce a set of

symptoms in healthy human beings would be

capable of curing a similar set of symptoms in

human beings actually suffering from the disease.

• Second principle of ‘Single Medicine’- Single

medicine should be administered at a time to a

particular patient during the treatment.

• Third principle of ‘Minimum Dose’ - bare minimum

dose of a drug which would induce a curative

action without any adverse effect should be

administered.

Homoeopathy

• Homoeopathy is based on the assumption that the causation of a disease mainly depends upon the susceptibility or proneness of an individual to the incidence of the particular disease in addition to the action of external agents like bacteria, viruses, etc.

• Homoeopathic medicines are prepared mainly from natural substances such as plant products, minerals and from animal sources.

• Homoeopathy has its own areas of strength in therapeutics and it is particularly useful in treatment for allergies, autoimmune disorders and viral infections.

Homoeopathy

• Many surgical, gynaecological and obstetrical and

paediatric conditions and ailments affecting the

eyes, nose, ear, teeth, skin, sexual organs etc. are

amenable to homoeopathic treatment.

• Behavioral disorders, neurological problems and

metabolic diseases can also be successfully

treated by Homoeopathy.

• Apart from the curative aspects, Homoeopathic

medicines are also used in preventive and

promotive health care.

Sowa-Rig-pa

• “Sowa-Rig-pa”, commonly known as Tibetan or

Amchi medicine, is the traditional medicine of

many parts of the Himalayan region used mainly by

the Tibetan people.

• In India, this system of medicine has been popularly

practiced in Ladakh and Paddar- Pangay regions

of Jammu and Kashmir, Himachal Pradesh,

Uttrakhand, Arunachal Pradesh, Sikkim, Darjeeling-

Kalingpong (West Bengal) Sarnath (Uttar Pradesh).

• Its theory & practice are similar to Ayurveda,

followed by few chinese principals & then Tibetan

folklore and philosphy of Buddhism.

Sowa-Rig-pa

• Amchi system is based on the following three Principle Energies –

rLung (wind)

o manifests the nature of Air element.

o It is characterised as rough, light, cold, subtle, hard and mobile.

o It is responsible for the physical and mental activities, respiration, expulsion of urine, faces, foetus, menstruation, spitting, burping, speech, gives clarity to sense organs, sustains life by means of acting as a medium between mind and body.

Sowa-Rig-pa

mKhris-pa (Bile)

o basically has the nature of fire. It is characterised

as oily, sharp, hot, light, fetid, purgative and

fluidity.

o mKhris-pa is responsible for hunger, thirst,

digestion and assimilation, maintains body heat,

gives lustre to body complexion and provides

courage and determination.

Sowa-Rig-pa

Bad-kan (Phlegm)

o is cold in nature and is characterized as oily,

cool, heavy, blunt, smooth, firm and sticky.

o Bad-kan is responsible for firmness of the body,

stability of mind, induces sleep, connects joints,

generates tolerance and lubricates the body.

Sowa-Rig-pa

• The diagnostic techniques in Sowa- Rigpa include

o visual observation (tongue & urine analysis),

o touch (pulse, temp., smoothness etc.) and

o interrogation.

• The treatment has 4 major sections-

o diet,

o behavior,

o medicine &

o accessory/ external therapies.

Sowa-Rig-pa

• Minor ailments can be treated with proper regulation of diet & behavior only.

• A patient with medium state of condition can be treated with medicine like decoction, powder, pills, purgatives, emetics etc.

• In advanced stage diseases can be cured by application of accessory/ external therapies like moxabustion, venesection, fomentation, massage, surgery etc.

• (Moxibustion is a traditional Chinese medicine technique that involves the burning of mugwort, a small, spongy herb, to facilitate healing.)

AYUSH

• With an increase in lifestyle related disorders there is

a world wide resurgence of interest in holistic

systems of health care, particularly with respect to

the prevention and management of chronic, non-

communicable and systemic diseases.

• It is increasingly understood that no single health

care system can provide satisfactory answers to all

the health needs of modern society.

• Evidently there is a need for a new inclusive and

integrated health care regime that should guide

health policies and programmes in future.

AYUSH

• A separate Department of Indian Systems of

Medicine and Homoeopathy (ISM&H) was set up in

1995 to ensure the optimal development and

propagation of these holistic and traditional system

of heath care.

• The Department of ISM&H was re-named as the

Department of AYUSH (an acronym for - Ayurveda,

Yoga and Naturopathy, Unani, Siddha,

Homoeopathy) in November 2003.

• The Department of AYUSH under Ministry of Health

and Family Welfare, promotes and propagates

Indian systems of Medicine and Homoeopathy.

Objectives

• To upgrade the educational standards in the Indian

Systems of Medicines and Homoeopathy colleges

in the country.

• To strengthen existing research institutions and

ensure a time-bound research programme on

identified diseases for which these systems have an

effective treatment.

• To draw up schemes for promotion, cultivation and

regeneration of medicinal plants used in these

systems.

• To evolve Pharmacopoeial standards for Indian

Systems of Medicine and Homoeopathy drugs.

Infrastructure

• Presently, there are 3193 hospitals with about 56842

beds, 24280 dispensaries, 712121 doctors, 510

educational institutions with admission capacity of

about 25376 UG students and 2208 PG students and

8898 drug-manufacturing units under AYUSH

systems.

• Under NRHM, AYUSH facilities have been co-

located with 416 District hospitals (total 605), 2942

CHCs (total 4535) and 9559 PHCs (total 23673) in the

country in 2011.

System- wise distribution of hospitals

0

500

1000

1500

2000

2500

2420

269 258 21523 6 2

Total - 3193 hospitals

System- wise distribution of dispensaries

0

5000

10000

15000

2000015017

821 1021

7049

149 97 135

Total-24280 dispensaries

System- wise distribution of beds

0

5000

10000

15000

20000

25000

30000

35000

40000

4500042271

77993684

2360 659 37 32

Total-56842 beds

System- wise distribution of AYUSH

doctors

Ayurveda

Homoeopathy

Unani

others

60.3%

31.5%

6.9%1.3%

Total- 712121 doctors

Medical manpower

• As on 1.1.2011, about 59 AYUSH doctors per lac

population were available in India.

• However, there was significant inter-state variation

in the strength of AYUSH doctors.

Percentage distribution of AYUSH doctors

0%

5%

10%

15%

20%18.55%

15.78%14.09%

8.84%

6.95%

4.89% 4.72% 4.46% 4.31%

2.75%

Mainstreaming of AYUSH under NRHM

• After the launch of NRHM, an initiative has been

taken by the department of Health and Family

Welfare and department of AYUSH for strengthening

of health care facilities at all levels by integrating

AYUSH systems in national health care delivery

systems under NRHM.

• While constructing new PHC/CHC/DHs as per IPHS,

adequate space should be provided for AYUSH

doctor & dispensary within the premises.

• In PHC- 1 AYUSH doctor & pharmacist (desirable).

• In CHC/DH- 1 AYUSH doctor & pharmacist

(essential).


• Qualified AYUSH practitioners may be hired on

contractual basis from NRHM funds.

• The additional supply of generic drugs for common

ailments at all levels shall also include AYUSH

formulations.

• ASHA Drug Kit to be expanded to include AYUSH

medications with proven efficacy.

• Training module for ASHA and ANMs have to be

updated to incorporate information of AYUSH.

• AYUSH representatives should be included in the

Rogi Kalyan Samities.


1. Co-location of AYUSH facilities at PHCs, CHCs and

DHs

A. Establishment of AYUSH OPD Clinics in the Primary Health

Centres (PHCs)

B. Establishment of AYUSH IPDs in Community Health Centres

(CHCs)

C. Setting up of AYUSH Wings in District Hospitals

Co-location Rate of AYUSH facilities in District hospital in states/ UTs

0%

50%

100%

About 68.76% District hospitals (416) had been co-located with AYUSH facilities till 2011

Co-location Rate of AYUSH facilities in Community Health centres in states/ UTs

0%

25%

50%

75%

100%

Nearly 65% Community Health Centre’s (2942 ) had been co-located with AYUSH facilities till 2011

HR-AYUSH Wings at 92 CHCs.

Co-location Rate of AYUSH facilities in Primary

Health Centre’s in States/UTs

0%

25%

50%

75%

100%

About 40.4% Primary Health Centre’s (9559 ) had been co-located with AYUSH facilities till 2011

HR-AYUSH OPD at 50 PHCs.

Financial assistanceCentre One time grant Recurring grant

For undertaking addition/ alteration of existing

premises; furniture, fixtures, equipments, etc.

Lump sum contingency

fund per annum

Procurement of drugs, Medicines, diet &

other consumables per annum

PHC 15.00 lacs 0.30 lacs 3.00 lacs

CHC 25.00 lacs 0.50 lacs 5.00 lacs

DH 30.00 lacs 0.70 lacs 2.50 lacs

Financial assistanceComponents One time grant Recurring grant

Supply of Essential Drugs to Government AYUSH Hospitals and Dispensaries

Rs 0.50 lacs- A/S/YRs. 0.25 lacs- H

Setting Up of Specialized AYUSH Facilities in Government Tertiary Care AYUSH Hospitals In The Public- Private Partnership (PPP) Mode

Rs 85.00 lacs 1st year = Up to Rs. 10.00 lakhs 2nd year = Up to Rs. 8.00 lakhs 3rd year = Up to Rs. 6.00 lakhs 4th year = Up to Rs. 4.00 lakhs

Components One time grant

Recurring grant

Infrastructure,equipments & furniture

Medicines & consumablesper annum

Lump sum contingency fund per annum

Man Power

Upgradation of Government/ Panchayat/ Government aided AYUSH Dispensaries

Rs.10.00 lacs Rs. 0.10 lacs

Upgradation of Government AYUSH hospitals (other than PHCs/ CHCs/ DHs) at the District/sub-District levels.

Rs 50.00 lacs Rs. 4.50 lacs Rs. 0.70 lacs Rs.8.16 lacs


Supporting Facilities

A. Setting-up of Programme Management Units

(PMUs)

• The composition of Programme Management Units

both at Central and State level will be as follows: o Programme Manager

o Finance manager

o Accounts manager

o Data officer/Assistant

B. Setting-up of Health Management Information

System (HMIS)

C. Constitution of Rogi Kalyan Samitis

General pattern of assistance

(i) Central Government: State/ UTs = 85:15,

except for the North-eastern States, where the

Central : States =90:10

(ii) HMIS for AYUSH,

Central: State/UTs Governments =50:50

(iii) Programme Management Units for AYUSH

Central: State/UTs Governments= 85:15

including NE States

National Institute under department

of AYUSHSr. No.

Name of Institute State

1 North eastern Institute of Folk medicine Arunachal Pradesh

2 All India Institute of Ayurveda Delhi

3 Institute of Post Graduate teaching & Research in Ayurveda

Gujarat

4 National Institute of Ayurveda Rajasthan

5 North Eastern Institute on Ayurveda & homeopathy

Meghalaya

6 Rashtriya Ayurveda Vidyapeeth Delhi

National Institute under department

of AYUSHSr. No.

Name of Institute State

7 National Institute of Siddha Tamil Nadu

8 National Institute of Homeopathy West Bengal

9 National Institute of Unani Medicine Karnataka

10 Morarji Desai National Institute of Yoga Delhi

11 National Institute of Naturopathy Maharashtra

• There are two statutory regulatory bodies, namely

Central Council of Indian Medicine (CCIM) and

Central Council of Homoeopathy (CCH) for laying

down minimum standards of education,

recommending recognition of medical

qualifications, registering the practitioners and

laying down of ethical codes.

• Four research councils, for Ayurveda and Siddha

(CCRAS), Unani (CCRUM), Yoga and Naturopathy

(CCRYN) and Homeopathy (CCRH) are responsible

for the officially sponsored research activities.

Haryana

System of medicine

Hospitals Beds Dispensaries Registered practioners

UG college

Licensed Pharmacies

Ayurveda 8 735 493 19618 6 274

Unani 1 10 07 2216 03

Siddha

Yoga

Naturopathy

Homeopathy 1 50 22 5344 1 23

Sowa- Rigpa

Total 10 795 522 27178 7 300

AYUSH related Foreign Trade

• AYUSH medicaments, medicinal plants and their

by-products constitute an important part of the

Indian Foreign Trade.

• Total Trade of AYUSH related items was Rs.1713.33

crore in 2010-11. The export of AYUSH products was

2099.00 Crores whereas the import was 385.67

Crores

Outlay and Expenditure

• There were provisions of Rs. 332.00 crore and Rs.

333.15 crore for the Budget Estimate and Revised

Estimate respectively, under the Centrally

Sponsored Schemes during 2010-11.

• An amount worth of Rs. 330.70 crore which is 99.6%

of BE (99.3% of RE) has been utilized in 2010-11..

Report of the Working Group on

AYUSH for 12th Five-Year Plan

• Thrust is proposed to be given on the following

areas in the 12th Plan-

1. Availability of AYUSH services in 100% of districts

through NABH accredited hospitals;

2. Improving quality of education & training and

developing Centres of Excellence in government

and private sectors;

3. Promoting quality research to validate the efficacy

and safety of AYUSH remedies;

Report of the Working Group on

AYUSH for 12th Five-Year Plan

4. Ensuring availability and conservation of

medicinal plants;

5. Accelerating Pharmacopeial work;

6. Ensuring availability of quality drugs;

7. Positioning AYUSH national institutes as leaders in

SAARC region;

8. Propagation of AYUSH for global acceptance as

systems of medicine

• While the contribution of AYUSH is in preventive, promotive or curative care, its importance of ‘public health’ cannot be underestimated.

• AYUSH has presence in all parts of the country. In addition it has near universal acceptance, available practitioners and infrastructure.

• The AYUSH system is based on old traditions of Public service. It has huge pool of health workers (Dais, RMPs) who for hundreds of years have provided support and care to whole village and community.

Public Health Importance of AYUSH


• The proposed Public Health Cadre can utilize these ubiquitous health human resources both at the village and community levels.

• Its huge resource of hospitals beds and health workers can be used for safe delivery under the Janani Suraksha Yojana (JSY) scheme, early breastfeeding, ante & post natal care, growth monitoring of children, immunization and anaemia.

• AYUSH practitioners can be encouraged in taking up public health programs on project-basis at district, taluka or block level.


• Public health schools in the country have opened

their courses to AYUSH graduates.

• Services of AYUSH doctors with qualifications in

Public Health to be utilized in national health

programs, NRHM and public health functionaries as

part of the public health cadre.

• It can play an important role in achieving the

National Health Outcome Goals of reducing MMR,

IMR, TFR, Malnutrition, Anaemia, Population Control

and skewed child sex ratios.

References

• AYUSH in India 2011, Department of AYUSH

available from http://indianmedicine.nic.in

• Mainstreaming of AYUSH under National Rural

Health Mission (NRHM), Department of AYUSH

available from http://indianmedicine.nic.in

• Report of the Working Group on AYUSH for the 12th Five‐Year Plan (2012‐17)

• MAINSTREAMING OF AYUSH- Objectives, Strategies

& Framework by DR.RAGHUDR.A.RAGHU, ASSISTANT

ADVISER, AYUSH

http://indianmedicine.nic.in/

http://indianmedicine.nic.in/

Conventional Medicine Alternative Medicine

1 based on scientific knowledge of the body

and uses treatments that have been proven

effective through scientific research.

based on the belief that a medical care

provider has to treat the whole person —

body, mind, and spirit.

2 Associated with side effects Relatively free of side effects

3 Larger manpower and infrastructure

required

Relatively less resources required

4 Services mostly curative Services mostly preventive

5 Costly Relatively cheap

6 More effective for acute diseases More effective for chronic diseases

7 Depends on diagnostic tests for treatment Don’t depend so much on diagnostic

tests.

72

Difference between conventional medicine and

alternative medicine

Health & Medicine

AYUSH