Upload
bethany-downing
View
170
Download
0
Tags:
Embed Size (px)
Citation preview
Understanding Adverse Food Reactions
By Bethany Downing
Preventing adverse food reactions ultimately comes down to YOU!
The difference between ordinaryand extraordinaryIs that little extra.
What’s the difference between a Food Allergy and a Food Intolerance?
Food AllergyImmune System
Food IntoleranceDigestive System
Food AllergyFood Intolerance
• Pharmacologic
•Inborn metabolic errors
• Idiosyncratic
• Or any other non-immunoglobulin E
response
• Immunoglobulin E mediated reaction
•Occurs in response to exposure to food
protein
•Food allergies include inhalation, ingestion
and skin contact
Food Intolerance: Inborn Metabolic
Error
Inherited, caused by absence or reduced activity of a specific
enzyme
What is the most common enzyme deficiency worldwide?
Lactase deficiency, also known as Lactose Intolerance
But, have you ever heard of Galactosemia?
Proteins are made of 20 building blocks called amino acids
Two protein building blocks (amino acids) that we are going to look at today are:
•Phenylalanine•Tyrosine
People with PKU cannot process phenylalanine because they lack the enzyme to do so.
With Tyrosinemia, individuals can not process tyrosine
When these amino acids can not be metabolized correctly, they build up in the blood and
body.
The build up causes brain damage
Failure to break down tyrosine leads to accumulation of tyrosine and its metabolites in the liver
Resulting in:• Severe liver disease• Kidney dysfunction
Treatment
• Restrict the amino acids
• Nutritional supplementation with special medical formula
Since amino acids are the building blocks of protein, high protein foods must be restricted
Phenylalanine is found in the artificial sweetener aspartame—be careful with sugar free foods.
Caution
Protein
• Growth• Make new cells• Repair tissues
Even though a low protein diet must be implemented and a special formula is used, the diet still needs to be rich in
other nutrients available at KU Dining Services
PKU: 1 in every 15,000 Tyrosinemia: 1 in every 100,000 – 120,000
What causes PKU or Tyrosinemia?
• Genetic makeup
Celiac Disease
“Three Hidden Ways Wheat Makes You Fat”-huffingtonpost.com
IS GLUTEN MAKING US FAT?
“Will a gluten-free diet improve your health?”-Health.com
•Villous atrophy•Malabsorption•Malnutrition•Possibly cancer
The autoimmune inflammatory
response leads to:
What’s the big deal?
1 in 133 persons in the United States has Celiac Disease
•Diarrhea•Steatorrhea•Malodorous stools•Abdominal bloating•Apathy•Poor weight gain
•Fatigue•Weight loss•Nutrient
malabsorption•Anemias•Osteoporosis•Vitamin K related
coagulopathy
50% of celiac patients have few or no symptoms
Combination of•Genetic susceptibility•Unknown triggerCreate an abnormal immune response to gluten
What is the cause of celiac disease?
4 out of 5 Rule:
1.Presentation of typical symptoms2.Positive serum celiac disease IgA
autoantibodies at higher titer3.A DQ2 or HLA-DQ8 genotype
4.Celiac enteropathy seen on small bowel biopsy
5.A positive response to a gluten free diet
Medical Nutrition Therapy
•Wheat (gluten & gluten)•Rye (secalin)•Barley (hordein)• Oats
indifference stinks
Do your part.
It’s ok if you don’t have the answers. Please ask somebody who knows!
Understanding
Care & Concern
Thank You
Works Citied