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ASTHMA:Because out of all the things you could be bad at…
You suck at breathing.
ASTHMA | Definition
What is Asthma?1
ASTHMAAsthma is a condition in which your airways narrow and swell and produce extra mucus. This can make breathing difficult and trigger coughing, wheezing and shortness of breath.
For some people, asthma is a minor nuisance. For others, it can be a major problem that interferes with daily activities and may lead to a life-threatening asthma attack.
.
ASTHMA | Signs & Symptoms
What are the signs and symptoms of asthma?2
Asthma signs and symptoms include:◉Shortness of breath◉Chest tightness or pain◉Trouble sleeping caused by shortness of breath, coughing or
wheezing◉A whistling or wheezing sound when exhaling (wheezing is a
common sign of asthma in children)◉Coughing or wheezing attacks that are worsened by a
respiratory virus, such as a cold or the flu
ASTHMA | Causes, Triggers & Risk factors
What causes asthma?3
It isn't clear why some people get asthma and others don't, but it's probably due to a combination of environmental and genetic (inherited)
factors.
Causes of Asthma
Exposure to various irritants and substances that trigger allergies (allergens) can trigger signs and symptoms of asthma. Asthma triggers are
different from person to person and can include:
Factors that Triggers Asthma
Asthma Triggers include:
Airborne allergens, such as pollen, animal dander, mold, cockroaches and dust mites.|Respiratory infections, such as the common cold|Certain medications, including beta blockers, aspirin, ibuprofen (Advil, Motrin IB, others) and naproxen (Aleve)
|
Strong emotions and stress|Physical activity(exercise-induced asthma)|Sulphites and preservatives added to some types of foods and beverages, including shrimp, dried fruit, processed potatoes, beer and wine
|
Air pollutants and irritants, such as smoke|Cold air|Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD), a condition in which stomach acids back up into your throat|
Risk factors of Asthma
•Exposure to second-hand smoke•Exposure to exhaust fumes or other types of pollution•Exposure to occupational triggers, such as chemicals used in farming, hairdressing and manufacturing
A number of factors are thought to increase your chances of developing asthma. These include:
•Having a blood relative (such as a parent or sibling) with asthma•Having another allergic condition, such as atopic dermatitis or allergic rhinitis (hay fever)•Being overweight•Being a smoker
ASTHMA | InhalersWhat are the types of inhalers?4
Types of inhalers and their uses◉ Metered-dose
(MDI)
◉ The most common type of inhaler is the
pressurized metered-dose inhaler
(MDI). In MDIs, medication is
typically stored in solution in a
pressurized canister that contains a
propellant, although it may also be a suspension. On
activation, the metered-dose
inhaler releases a fixed dose of
medication in aerosol form.
An asthma spacer is an add-on device used to increase the ease of administering aerosolized medication from a metered-dose inhaler (MDI).
Types of inhalers and their uses
Nebulizerssupply the medication as an
aerosol created from an aqueous formulation.
Nasal inhalers contain decongestant drugs to relieve nasal congestion in the upper respiratory tract. The active ingredient in most decongestants is either pseudoephedrine or phenylephrine. Many are sold over-the-counter without a prescription.
Types of inhalers and their uses
Types of inhalers and their uses
Dry powder inhalers release a metered or device-measured
dose of powdered medication that is inhaled through a DPI device.
ASTHMA | First Aid
What to do during asthma attack?5
First Aid | With the use of an inhaler
If there’s st
ill no
impro
vement call f
or
emergency assistance
Give medicatio
n
Sit the person upright
Wait 4 minutes
_Shake the blue releiver puffer
_Use a spacer if you have one
_Give 4 separate puffs into the spacer
_Take 4 breaths from the spacer after each puff
2
_If there is no improvement, reapeat step 23
_Be calm and reassuring
_Do not leave them alone1
_Tell the operator the person is having an asthma attack
_Keep giving 4 puffs every 4 minutes while you wait for emergency assistance 4
“Never, ever let up on your asthma medications even if you feel your condition has improved,” -A/Prof Loo.
Asthma needs constant care and proper management at all times. Your very life depends on it.
However, should you be caught without your inhaler due to unforeseen circumstances, you could try these coping techniques:
First Aid | Without inhaler
1. Sit upright 2. Take long, deep breaths 3. Stay calm
Stop whatever you are doing and sit upright. Bending over or lying down can constrict your breathing even
more
This helps to slow down your breathing and prevent
hyperventilation. Breathe in through your nose and breathe out through
your mouth.
Staying calm may prevent further tightening of your chest muscles and
make your breathing easier.
If the wheezing, coughing and breathing difficulty do not subside
after a period of rest, seek immediate medical attention.
Hot caffeinated drinks like coffee can help to open up the airways slightly, providing
some relief for an hour or two. Both contain a chemical similar to the old
asthma medicine theophylline. (These days, there’s usually better medicine with
fewer side effects, but theophylline worked.) Many doctors deduce, however, that the amounts in these drinks are too small to do much good, but seems to me they’re worth a try. Don’t go overboard. You’re probably drinking a cup or two a
day already, and that’s plenty.
. The asthma attack could be triggered by dust, cigarette smoke or
the smell of chemicals (e.g., ammonia, chlorine gas, sulphur
dioxide). Get away from the trigger as soon as possible and go to an air-
conditioned environment or any place with clean air.
6. Seek emergency medical help
5. Take a hot caffeinated beverage4. Get away from the trigger
THANKS!
Any questions?
“Love is not what takes you by surpriseAnd leaves you totally breathless.
Dude, it’s called asthma attack.
CREDITSSpecial thanks to all the people who made and released these awesome resources for free:
Presentation template by:
SlidesCarnival
Photographs by:
Unsplash
Reporters:SY, Van AngeloSANTIAGO, Jane MaryeleBERNARDO, Tijohna IngridMALLARI, Jamaica SEVILLANO, MarilynKAWAGUCHI, Mikki
Powerpoint presentation:SAMALCA, Rizza Mae
REFERENCEShttp://www.webmd.com/first-aid/asthma-treatment
http://www.thesurvivaldoctor.com/2012/05/03/asthma-attack-without-inhaler-9/
http://www.healthxchange.com.sg/healthyliving/ManagingChronicIllnesses/Pages/How-to-Survive-an-Asthma-Attack-if-Youre-Caught-Without-Your-Inhaler.aspx
http://bottomlinehealth.com/how-to-survive-an-asthma-attack-without-an-inhaler/
http://healthywa.wa.gov.au/Articles/A_E/Asthma-medications-and-inhaler-devices
http://www.sja.org.uk/sja/first-aid-advice/illnesses-and-conditions/asthma-attack.aspx
http://www.nationalasthma.org.au/first-aid