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ANTHROPOMETRIC MEASUREMENTS IN UNDER-5 CHILDREN
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ANTHROPOMETRIC MEASUREMENTS IN UNDER-5 CHILDREN
Dr. Shailaja Daral
18-10-2013
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Learning objectives
Importance of anthropometric measurements
Types of anthropometric measurements
Techniques for calculating anthropometric measurements
Normal anthropometric values in under-5 children18-10-2013
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What is anthropometry?
Branch of anthropology
Involves the quantitative measurement of the human body.
Single most portable, universally applicable, inexpensive and non-invasive technique for assessing the size, proportions and composition of the human body.
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Why is anthropometry important?
Growth monitoring
Nutritional assessment
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What are the various anthropometric measurements in Under-5 children?
1. Age dependent
• Weight• Height (length)• Head circumference• Chest circumference
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What are the various anthropometric measurements in Under-5 children?
2. Age independent
• Mid-arm circumference• Skin fold thickness• Indices– Rao and Singh weight height index– Kanawati and McLaren MUAC-HC index
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Weight
• Beam or electronic balance
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Salter’s spring scale
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Length
INFANTOMETER18-10-2013
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Height
• Stadiometer or simply against the wall
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Circumferences
• Crossed tape method• Non-stretchable tape (metal, paper or plastic)• Lasso-O tape
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Head circumference
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Chest circumference
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Mid-arm circumference
• Mid-point between acromion process and olecranon process
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Tapes for MUAC
• Shakir’s tape• Four color tape * Bangle test
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astre
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MUAC related techniques
• Quac stick (Quaker arm circumference measuring stick)
• Measures both MUAC and height
• Detection of acute malnutrition
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Skin fold thickness
• Over the triceps or subscapular region• Harpenden’s calipers
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Indices• Rao and Singh weight-height index
Normally more than 0.15
• Kanawati and McLaren MUAC-HC index
Normally more than 0.31
• Ponderal index
less than 2 = asymmetrical IUGRmore than 2 = symmetrical IUGR, normal babies
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Assessment of normal growthWeight Height
Birth 3kg Birth 50 cm
Doubles 5 m 3 m 60 cm (3cm/m)
Triples 1 yr 1 yr 75 cm (1.7cm/m)
Four times 2 yr 2 yr 87.5 cm (1cm/m)
Five times 3 yr 3 yr 95 cm (7.5cm)
Six times 5 yr 4 yr 100 cm
Seven times 7 yr 5 yr 106 cm
Ten times 10 yr18-10-2013
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Assessment of normal growth
Head circumference Chest circumference
Birth 34 cm Birth 31 cm
3 m 40 cm (2cm/m) 9 m - 1 yr 46 cm
6 m 43 cm (1cm/m)
1 yr 46 cm (0.5cm/m)
2 yr 48 cm
3 yr 49 cm
4 yr 50 cm18-10-2013
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Things to remember
• Anthropometric assessment should always be done in children less than 5 years
• Assessment should be done 6 monthly till the age of 5 years, and then yearly in children between 6-18 years
• Weight, height and head circumference are important anthropometric measurements in under-5 children
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Lets discuss and learn…
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