Signs and symptoms of anemiaGeneral/Non specific

Symptoms:• Fatigue• Weakness• Dyspnea • Palpitations• Tinnitus• Presyncope• Headache• Worsening CHF (angina pectoris)• Cognitive impairment• Dizziness• Apathy

Signs:• Pallor (skin and conjunctiva)• Tachycardia• Bounding pulse• Hemic murmur• Cardiac failure

Specific

Iron deficiency anemia• Blood loss (melena,

hematochezia, hematuria)• Pica (desire to consume

unusual substances e.g. ice or dirt)

• Koilonychia, vertical nail ridges

• Glossitis• Cheilosis• Dysphagia

Vit B 12 deficiency• Neuropathy• Ataxia• Dementia

Hemolysis• Jaundice• Dark urine (if intravascular

hemolysis)