-Definition -ClassificationANEMIA

By: Tassaya Kanyook ID:52112158

ANEMIA IS NEVER NORMALMen: HGB < 13.5 or HCT < 41%Women: HGB < 12.0 or HCT < 36%

WHAT IS ANEMIA?

Definition of AnemiaAnemia is a decrease in the RBC count,

Hgb and/or HCT values as compared to normal reference range for age and sex

(Also determined by alteration in plasma volume)

CLASSIFICATION OF ANEMIAS

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CLASSIFICATION OF ANEMIAS

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CLASSIFICATION OF ANEMIAS

Hb levels decreased MCV normal Acute blood loss Anemia of chronic disease Aplastic anemia Hemolytic anemia

size of erythrocytes is larger than normal

Megaloblastic anemia – Vitamin B12, Folate deficiency.

size of erythrocytes is smaller than normal

Heme synthesis defect Iron deficiency anemia Anemia of chronic disease

Thalassemia Sideroblastic anemia

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NORMOCYTIC NORMOCHROMIC ANEMIA

It includesAplastic anemia due to BM failure

Blood loss anemia Hemolytic anemia

Is a condition in which the size & Hgb content of RBCs is normal but the number of RBCs is decreased.

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MICROCYTIC- HYPOCHROMIC ANEMIA

Many RBCs smaller than nucleus of normal lymphocytes

Increased central pallor.Includes

Iron deficiency anemia Thalassemia Anemia of chronic disease Sideroblastic anemia Lead poisoning

Is a condition in which the total body iron content is decreased below a normal level

This results in a reduced red blood cell and hemoglobin production

IRON DEFICIENCY ANEMIA (IDA)

Inherited decrease in alpha or beta globin chain synthesis needed for Hgb A; quantitative defect All have microcytic/hypochromic RBCs and target cells

Genetic mutations classified by: ↓ beta chains = beta thalassemia…Greek/Italian ↓ alpha chains = alpha thalassemia…Asian

THALASSEMIAS

Target cells/Codocytes

Beta

Alpha

MACROCYTIC NORMOCYTIC ANEMIAS

Wright’s stained blood smear

A. MEGALOBLASTIC ANEMIAVitamin B12 deficiencyFolate deficiencyAbnormal metabolism of folate and vit B12

B. Non megaloblastic anemia Liver diseaseAlcoholismPost splenoctomyNeonatal macrocytosisStress erythropoiesis

Macrocytosis due to a deficiency of vitamin B12 or folic acid that causes impaired nuclear maturation

MEGALOBLASTIC ANEMIA

RBC maturation in microcytic anemias…IDA

Normoblastic RBC maturation normocytic red cells

Megaloblastic RBC maturation macrocytic red cells

http://themedicalpost.net/2010/07/18/the-general-concept-of-anaemias/http://accessmedicine.com/search/searchAMResult.aspx?

rootterm=anemias&searchType=1&rootID=64&searchStr=anemia&modifier=yes&subID=180

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thalassemiahttp://www.medicinenet.com/anemia/article.htm

REFERENCES