ANATOMY & PHYSIOLOGY 1MID 1143

TOPIC 2:BASIC ANATOMICAL

TERMINOLOGY

BASIC ANATOMICAL TERMINOLOGY

• Anatomical position• Anatomical description • Anatomical planes and sections• Body cavities

ANATOMICAL POSITION

ANATOMICAL POSITION

• Standardized method of observing or imaging the body that allows precise and consistent anatomical references.

ANATOMICAL POSITION

• Upright, facing the observer – erect• Head level & eyes facing directly

forward• Upper limbs at sides• Palms turned forward

Arms at side, palms turned

forward2

Standing upright,ERECT

Head level,Face forward

CENSORED!

Legs at side,Toes turned forward

ANATOMICAL DESCRIPTION

ANATOMICAL DESCRIPTION

• Using Greek/Latin words • E.g:–Nasal = nose–Mental = chin

REGIONAL TERMS

• 2 fundamental region:– Axial• Head• Neck• Trunk

– Appendicular• Upper limb• Lower limb

DIRECTIONAL TERMS

• Describe the position of one body part relative to another.

• e.g:– Elbow is inferior to shoulder– Knee is superior to ankle– The heart and spleen are ipsilateral

DIRECTIONAL TERMS

• Describe the definition below and give ONE example how each is used:– Superior/Cranial - Intermediate– Inferior/Caudal - Ipsilateral– Anterior/Ventral - Contralateral– Posterior/Dorsal - Proximal–Medial - Distal– Lateral