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Reflections on policies in Tackling CAN
Peter van der LindenChairman of the Board of NeSPCAN
Netherlands Society for the Prevention of Child Abuse and [email protected]
Counsillor at ISPCANInternational Society for the Prevention of Child Abuse and Neglect
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The Netherlands implementation paradox
BASPCAN Congress 2015:New Directions in Child Protection and Well-being
1. Netherlands recent history in Tackling CAN
2. NeSPCAN
3. Monitoring
4. CFC movement
5. Europe
2
This presentation
Our world
www.ispcan.org
4
NL recent History Sexual Violence vs Domestic Violence Tackling CAN
Sexual vs Domestic violence
1982-1995 sexual violence era
1982: Kijkduin conferentie1983: VSK boek: de Straf op zwijgen is levenslang1984: Draijer literatuur studie1986: Vier trauma dynamieken (boek Finkelhor and Brown) 1988: Draijers studie s. misbruik van meisjes door verwanten1989: Bolderkar schandaalVgl ENGLAND CLEVELAND1990: dissertatie Draijer1989-94: publicaties voer omgaan met vermoedens van seksueel misbruik (start in 1989)1996: Nato FALSE MEMORIES DISCUSSIE in Frankrijk
2000: DV policy rises (2002 ‘Private violence, public matter’) SG verdwijnt van de agendaSchandalen in kerk en jeugdinstellingen2009 Commissiee Deetman begint onderzoek naar seksueel misbruik in katholieke instellingen 2010: Commissie Samson geïnstalleerd over seksueel misbruik in residentiële en pleegzorg
A historical (inter)national)calendar
Denial Stigmatization Avoidance Lack of awareness Lack of skilled performance
Child protection is separated from youth care
No mandatory reporting, but reporting code
Decentralisation: End of distinction
local general & preventive youth policy –regional child and youth social care system
Integration of several universal services in Centre for youth and families
NL Youth policy
Some CFC’s, no government funding
Initiatives: e.g. care and advice teams, safety houses
Recently: integration of referrals of CAN and Domestic Violence (AMHK)
Lack of structural initial education on child abuse and neglectbut also: initiatives, e-learning, lobby and evaluation for long term planning
NL Youth policy
• Public opinion and attitudes• Accountability• Adaptability (tailored needs)• Participation of parents and children • Fear and shame factor• Empowerment• Respect• Access and availability of services
Issues according toEuropean professionals
• Training and education• Integrated services along the line of the whole
care continuum• Family and Centre/ system focus rather than on
the individual child victim• Transparency• Balance between control and support • Importance of evaluation • PDCA-approach
Issues according toEuropean professionals
• Decentralisation / Vision and budgets of Local government
• PDCA-cycles• Chain approach; Integrated approach?• Wrap around care, Matched Care• Resourses, e.g. Financial support of
cooperation• Case load• Wide range of support services
European Policy Challenges
• (Uniform) use of risc taxation & knowledge on riscfactors
• Double tasks local social authorities• Specific Treatment• Reputation of CP-offices (“they take away
your children”)• Minimal standards on CAN for universal
service• Learning possibilities of organizations• Serious case reviews• Research on quality, effect, evaluation
European Policy Challenges
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What works? Both policy as operational level:• Integrated approach• PDCA-cycle• Problem oriented & solving / solutionsPolicy:• Combine legislation & campaigns
(awareness raising)
Support of families needs:• Combined care and practical help• Relational competences of the professional• Adequate support of the professional• Training of professionals & volonteers
Back to NL
Determingthe demand
RAAK 2006Rak 2008-2010
& RAK2 (2011-2012)Transition Phase
(2013-now)
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From regional pilots toNational Programme
Regio’sRAAKKindermishandeling:voorkomen en helpen
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Sense of urgency
Stuur Groep:Ondewijs, zorg, borging
Onderzoeksraad voor de Veiligheid
Kinder RechtenCollectiefKnelpunten & aanbevelingen
Advies Kennisinstituten:Activeer de samenlevingGerichte & getrapte preventieIntegraal multi-disciplinairHulp aanbod
Epidemie
Gezondheidsraad:Hulpaanbod ontoereikend en versnipperd
NPM 2010In 2010119.000 kinderenToename meldingen,Incidentie blijft gelijk
Justitie
Taskforce Kindermishandelingen Seksueel Misbruik
Samson Comissie
Nationaal Rapporteur Mensenhandel en seksueel geweld tegen kinderen
Rouvoetcommissie
Limited effectsDV TreatmentResearch Verwey-Jonker institute:
In G4; Main Municipalities:
Violence when reported: 122 incidents,after 1,5 year: 72 incidents
No severe physical harm when reported: 18%,after 1,5 year: 50%
Research Trimbos Institute“Kindspoor”-report South-Holland: 60 to 70% re-reporting
Decentralisation: chance
Create 1 budget, 1 governing layer
Invent-groep Hermans Operatie Jong
van Eijck
Jeugd en Gezin Opvoeden versterken
Stam en van Yperen
TK-cie
from problem- towards result oriented workmore accessability and effect 1 Child, 1 Family, 1 Plan
VWS
Veilig Thuis = CAN+DVAdvisory and reporting Centers
Cumulating effects; cuts on various groups and ‘multi problem families’ target the same individualsDecentralisation of Youth Care Budgets :(jeugd-GGZ, jeugd-LVB en de jeugdzorg), Werken naar Vermogen (Wwb, Wajong, Wsw, WIJ) en de activerende begeleiding van de AWBZ
Family Group Conferencing as solution for everything
Prevention gets lost (long term vision vs. ad hoc)
Costs for smaller Municipalities (funding of care)
Influence of Municipalities over Justice
Accountability Cycle Municipalities and youth policy
Diagnostics & Care (Specialist)
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Decentralisation: Risk
Policy level
H O L I S T I C I N T E G R A T E D
Social Department
Etc, etc
JusticeDepartment
Labour Department
Department of
Educationstructu
re
targetgroup
culture
Stan van Haaren, Cu Futuro 2010
NeSPCAN
Founded november 2013, based on UNCRC article 19, which states that State Parties must take measures to
“…to identify, protect and assist victims, to report, refer and investigate violence and to ensure access to redress violations…”
Child victims of violence also have a right to be heard and to receive information. EU Directives, Council of Europe Conventions and Guidelines affirm these rights.
Targets NeSPCAN Prevention
analysis-programming
Private and public domainChildrens voice,Parent support,Discrepancies between legal and care system
Science & practice – programSupporting and promoting Child Friendly Centers / CAC’s in the Netherlands and throughout EuropeContinuum of care, Safety management and risk assesment, Domestic violence and therapy effectiveness, Fatalities
Targets NeSPCAN Monitoring
including PDCA by the Municipalities
Initial educationand training of all (future) professionalsincluding involvement of survivorsand expliciting tacid knowledge
International cooperation and exchange
Country Partners of EuropeEUCCAN (Amsterdam)BASPCAN (UK)ISPCAN Regional European Conference 2015 (Romania)Future European Conferences
NeSPCAN
Netherlands Society
for the Prevention of
Child Abuse and Neglect
Country Partners
Development of Quality
T1 T2
T3
T4
Knowledge
Expertise
Professionality
TijdStan van Haaren, Cu Futuro 2010
Plan Do Check Act
DESIGN
DEVELOP
The Dream
Stan van Haaren, Cu Futuro 2010
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NeSPCAN 2013-2015
Monitor Municipality Policy
Municipality Monitor Tackling CAN; de Wilde et al, 2014
Januari 2015Municipalities will be– besides for prevention – completely responsible forresearching CAN situationsand for helping parents and maltreated children
January 2015
MAK Monitoring principles
• Support, no ranking or naming & shaming
• Interactive, exchange of expeceriences
Gemeente / regio
plan
do
check
act
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ParticipantsMarch 16th, 2015
190 Municipalities
Link: http://www.nji.nl/Monitor-Aanpak-Kindermishandeling
Top 10 screening issues
Source: Municipal Monitor CAN; de Wilde et al, 2014
Policy on CANMunicipality policy in general
General provisions• Effective communication about educational worries• Education towards young people• Education about parenting without violence• Education about Shaking Baby Syndrom
Individual families at risk• Screening & prevention among pregnant women• Children in care and kindergarten
Care after first signals• Supporting parents after threat of CAN or beginning CAN
Reacting on suspected CAN• Prevention for children suffering/witnessing Domestic Violence• Training of professionals
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Current status n = 190 Municipalities
Education to young people Education about parenting without violence Education about excessive crying and Shaken Baby
Syndrome Screening and prevention among pregnant women
Insufficient:
Not optimal:• All other objectives
Source: Municipal Monitor CAN; de Wilde et al, 2014
Development MAK 2014-2105
DV Treatment New figures DV/ Veilig Thuis Effects of local policy (The Hague) Regional meetings & exchange of
knowledge International use
San Diego Declaration I & II NL initiatives Going Europe
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CFC movement
San Diego Declaration II
1. Multidisciplinary approach in every ‘ Veilig Thuis’ region,in cases of family violence, incl. child abuse.This includes legal, forensic, medical, social and psychological system-based support to families to:stop the violence,recover from the consequences of the violence& prevent new violence.
2. Children(s) (safety) first!‘Manifest Stop Domestic Violence’ & ‘ The Guiding Principles’ are leading in the development of the multidisciplinary approach.
3. Stimulate and support pilots to develop a multidisciplinary approach,‘ one stop-shop’ model
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The biggest problems developing true collaboration (Gwinn, 2012)
Different visions for service delivery
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The biggest problems developing true collaboration (Gwinn, 2012)
Power and control - Personality conflicts - Politics – Competition - Limited resources
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The biggest problems developing true collaboration (Gwinn, 2012)
Lack of accountability and mutual respect
Casus Wet en regelgeving
Bedenktijd beroepskracht 26 weken geen termijn
Onderzoek AMK 12 weken 12 weken
Indicatie door Bureau Jeugdzorg 6 weken 6 weken
Start JHV na afgifte van een indicatiebesluit 9 weken 9 weken
Hulpverlening op vrijwillige basis 26 weken geen termijn
Melding AMK bij Raad vd Kinderbescherming 1 week geen termijn
Onderzoek Raad voor de Kinderbescherming 6 weken 6 weken
Eerste afspraak hulpverlening 4 weken geen termijn
Aanvraag en afhandeling OTS 6 weken 6 weken
Start gedwongen hulpverlening na uitspraak rechtbank 1 week 1 week
Totaal 97 weken 40 weken(excl. vrijwillige hulp)
Overgenomen van Alfons Crijnen,kinder- en jeugdpsychiater
(Fier, 2012)
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Police Region
1
IC Women
Care
2011 2012
910
11
12
1 2 3 4 5 687 910
11
12
87
2013
1 2 3 4 5 6 910
11
12
87
Family
Mother
Father
Children Contact All Family
Members
ContactPerpetrator &
Children
ContactPerpetrator &
Victim
Contact Victim
Contact Children
ContactPerpetrator
ContactVictim & Children
Youth Care 1
Women Care
Women Shelter 1
IC Police Region
1
Brother of
MotherWomen Shelter 2
Municipality
Women Shelter 3
School
Family of Father
Youth care 2
Social Work
Round Table
Meeting
Mental Health Care
Aunt of Mother
Police Region
2
Home Care
Services 2
Home Care
Services 1
Housing
Corpor-ation
Major
Probation
SHG
Intensive Case
Management
Neigh-borhood Police
Safety House
Veel stappen, veel lijntjes en overzicht........
Rape Center Utrecht
Rape Center University Medical Center Utrecht
A one-stop location at the ED where all victims of rape (< 7 days) can receive medical and psychological care whilst at the same time having the opportunity to undergo a forensic examination
September 2015
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58
European Colleaguesand Friends
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http://www.ispcan.org/event/Romania15
