Stevenage Bioscience Catalyst 1st Annual Lecture

24 July 2014

Sir Mark Walport, Chief Scientific Adviser to HM Government

Role of the Chief Scientific Adviser to HM Government

• Report to the Prime Minister and Cabinet

• Responsible for the quality of all S&T advice across the whole of Government

• Lead a network of departmental Chief Scientific Advisers

• Head of the Science and Engineering Profession in the Civil Service

• Supported by the Government Office for Science

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(credit: Murat Taner / Getty Images)

Government Priorities

• Wellbeing, health & resilience – including security and infrastructure

• Knowledge translated to economic advantage

• The right science for emergencies

• Underpinning policy with evidence

• Advocacy and leadership for science

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(credit: Getty Images)

Knowledge to Growth

Electric incandescent lighting by Edwin J. Houston and A. E. Kennelly 1896www.openlibrary.org

Thomas A. Edison (credit: KMJ/Wikimedia Commons)

• Imagination

• Innovation

• Entrepreneurship

• Business Skills

• Manufacturing, branding, marketing and distribution

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• Imagination

• Innovation

• Entrepreneurship

• Business Skills

• Manufacturing, branding, marketing and distribution

We are good at these…

…what’s holding us back?

Knowledge to Growth

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• Imagination

• Innovation

• Entrepreneurship

• Business Skills

• Manufacturing, branding, marketing and distribution

Catalysis

TSB

Technology transfer

Regulation

Capital markets

Continuity of Funding

Procurement and ‘good customers’

Standards

Skills & Leadership

Knowledge to Growth

Towards an integrated healthcare economy to accelerate medical

innovation

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Key Government players in implementing the UK Life Sciences Strategy:

Industry NHSUniversitiesClinical

Research

Working closely with :

Better Regulation Executive

The Strategy for UK Life Sciences

• A successful, competitive UK Life Sciences sector can improve the lives of UK patients, efficiency in the NHS, and benefit the UK economy contributing to long-term sustainable growth

• Strategy for UK Life Sciences published alongside Innovation, Health and Wealth in December 2011. Core focus on:

1. Building a life science ecosystem

2. Attracting, developing and rewarding the best talent

3. Overcoming barriers and creating incentives for the promotion of health care innovation

• Two years on: £2bn of investment announced by Life Sciences companies in UK

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A vision to strengthen the health and life science sector through collaboration between academia, NHS and indusry

The UK Life Sciences Industry

• UK has one of the strongest and most productive life sciences industries in the world - £50 bn turnover - ~6% of global sales

• Nearly 5000 Life Sciences companies (inc non-manufacturing and service companies) employing ~175,000 people

• 4 main sectors: Pharmaceuticals; medical technology (devices and diagnostics) and medical and industrial biotechnology

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(credit: Sanger Institute)

Knowledge to Growth

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Levers to support growth: There are three broad groups of Government financial support:

Technology readiness levels (TRL)

Improving the effectiveness and impact of Government support for

innovation• Use the right tool for the right job.

• Working with Treasury and BIS to look at which of Government’s tools and support innovation work best in each context.

• Looks at how Government spends on innovation by sector and by type of business support.

• Vision for:– Open, accessible innovation system – Strong transmission between research and

innovation

• Will input to the BIS Science and Innovation Strategy

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All images: Wikimedia Commons

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Council for Science and Technology

• CST is co-chaired by the Government Chief Scientific Adviser and Prof Dame Nancy Rothwell, President and Vice-Chancellor of the University of Manchester.

• 20 members - Presidents of the National Academies (e.g. Sir Paul Nurse, Royal Society, and Sir John Tooke, Academy of Medical Sciences) are members ex officio.

The Council for Science and Technology (CST) advises the Prime Minister on science and technology policy issues which cut across

the responsibilities of government departments.

Council for Science and Technology Projects

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The risks and benefits of GM technologies and what government can do to improve the quality of debate in

the UK and Europe.

The Age of Algorithms

(2013)

GM technologies(2014)

The NHS as a driver for growth

(2011)

A report considering the NHS potential as a driver for growth, looking at issues including: procurement,

culture change, and the implications of genomics and personalised medicines.

The skills, partnerships and facilities needed to keep the UK in the forefront of the development of advanced

algorithms. The council also suggests ways to incorporate their suggestions into the government’s

strategy for the information economy.

Science Landscape Project

• CST-led project to inform longer-term decisions.

• Looking at innovative ways of gathering data on how disciplines link together in the modern research world.

• Gathering evidence through a series of seminars from autumn 2014 – spring 2015.

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Data and Analytics Harnessing ICT: A national diabetes system for Scotland

Total Scottish Population 5.2M

People with diabetes : 251,132 (4.9%)

People with Type 1 DM : ~27,000 (0.5%)

All patients nationally are registered onto a single register; the SCI-DC register

SCI-DC used in all 38 hospitals

Nightly capture of data from all 1043 primary care practices across Scotland

Courtesy of Andrew Morris

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Per

cent

age

of P

atie

nts

Data recorded within the previous 15 months

http://www.diabetesinscotland.org.uk/Publications/SDS%202010.pdf

Courtesy of Andrew Morris

Scottish Diabetes Survey – over 90% capture of key variables since 2007

Recording of Key Biomedical Markers

Diabetes Care 2008Diabetic Medicine 2009

Courtesy of Andrew Morris

Improved clinical outcomes

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• In the USA, preventable medical errors are the third leading cause of death (440,000 per year – Journal of Patient Safety, 2013). Data analytics can identify and address the underlying causes.

• Countries all around the world are currently wrestling with the same issue of how to share medical data while protecting privacy.

• We need to be more open with people on how their data may and may not be used, and communicate the benefits.

On care.data…

“This information helps us identify the causes of cancer and heart disease; it helps us to spot side-effects from beneficial treatments, and switch patients to the safest drugs; it helps us spot failing hospitals, or rubbish surgeons; and it helps us spot the areas of greatest need in the NHS. Numbers in medicine are not an abstract academic game: they are made of flesh and blood, and they show us how to prevent unnecessary pain, suffering and death.”

Ben Goldacre, Guardian 21 February

The challenge of communicating the benefits: care.data

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Internet of Things

Healthcare

Smart Meters

Transport

Physical Object + Controller, Sensor and Actuators + Network + Data Analytics = IoT

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• Internet of Things (IoT)is about everyday objects having sensors in them, which detect various kinds of data and transmit the information elsewhere.

• IoT can help deliver key public services more efficiently and use scarce government resources more effectively.

(credit: google)

(credit: Hyginex) (credit: ComEd)

(credit: Masimo)

(credit: HiKoB)

(credit: jamieonline)

(credit: Vigilant)

Internet of Things -Healthcare 2020

theiotcloud.com

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Internet of Things – Challenges

• Privacy, Security and Ownership• Large amount of revealing data• Who owns the data?• Security of personal data• Security of safety critical systems

• Interoperability and Standards• Different devices, manufacturers, connections• No interoperability incentive for large companies• Competing standards

• Spectrum• Frequency• WiFi, Bluetooth, Zigbee• Short vs. long range• High vs. low power consumption• Licensed vs. unlicensed spectrum

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(credit: Nokia)

(credit: PD)

(credit: noolwlee / Shutterstock)

Genomics England and the power of DNA data – step changes in genomics

Evolution of medicine and healthcare: How the UK plays a leading role1911 1953 Since 2003

First gene map Structure of DNAdiscovered

First human genome sequenced

(credit: Wellcome Library, London)(credit: Wellcome Library, London)

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1911

The human genome project

(credit: Dan Mason)(credit: Miguel Andrade)

(credit: U.S. Defense Imagery)(credit: Sjef)

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Developments in sequencing can track the transmission of disease

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(credit: Jake Berenguer (U.S. Navy))

From data to knowledge to societal benefit

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Challenges and opportunities

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Combining large numbers of human sequences with medical data can

drive further developments

100,000 genomes in 5 years

Infectious disease

(credit: NIAID)

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(credit: Axelrod FB, Gold-von Simson G/CC BY 2.0)

The project will face significant challenges and overcoming these will

drive developments

(credit: Images_of_money)

(credit: torkildr)

(credit: Army Medicine) (credit: jurvetson)

(credit: National Data Centre)

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Four key ingredients for successful innovation

Catalysis

Collaboration

Continuity of funding

Co-location

All images: Wikimedia Commons

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Every effort has been made to trace copyright holders and to obtain their permission for the use of copyright material. We apologise for any errors or omissions in the included attributions and would be grateful if notified of any corrections that should be incorporated in future versions of this slide set. We can be contacted through enquiries@bis.gsi.gov.uk .

Stevenage BioScience Catalyst 1st Annual Lecture

Sir Mark Walport, Chief Scientific Adviser to HM Government