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Mohd. Roszaimy bin Musa (MG131002)Master of Asset and Facilities Management22 December 2014
Final Master Project Presentation
Faculty of Geoinformation and Real Estate
A STUDY ON LEVEL OF AWARENESS AND UNDERSTANDING OF TOTAL ASSET MANAGEMENT MANUAL (TAMM) STRATEGIC IMPLEMENTATION
Valen Lim
TABLE OFCONTENTS 01
IntroductionPages 3 - 7
02Literature Review
Pages 8 - 11
03Research Methodology
Pages 12 - 15
04Data Analysis & Findings
Pages 16 - 19
05Discussion, Conclusion & Recommendation
Pages 20 - 23
0102 03 04 05
Universiti Teknologi Malaysia |Page 3
INTRODUCTION+ Issues
+ Problem Statement
+ Research Aim
+ Research Questions
0102 03 04 05
+ Issues
A new accounting standards will be introduced in 2015 known as accrual based accounting and one of its main concern is regarding government asset values in hope for better management in future.(Saleh and Pendlebury, 2006).
However, over the years the Audit Office has encountered dismay reports on government asset management activities.
This is one of the reasons why public perception of public governance has always been negative though GAMP and related procedure has been introduced to govern its management.
Universiti Teknologi Malaysia |Page 4
Accountability Index Result of Government Financial Management
Low level of understanding and awareness amongst asset personnel on TAMM implementation was reported in previous study.
GAMP introduced as strategic asset management
Did send for training but problem persistence
0102 03 04 05
+ Problem Statement
Universiti Teknologi Malaysia |Page 5
GAO dismay report on government asset management
Personnel commitment and understanding has relationship to success strategic implementation
0102 03 04 05
+ Research Aim
Universiti Teknologi Malaysia |Page 6
….to investigate the level of understanding and awareness of asset personnel regarding the elements of implementation in Asset Management Strategy for Government of Malaysia
Contribution
Perception
…. examine the relationship
between understanding the elements of TAMM
implementation strategy and
awareness towards it
0102 03 04 05
+ Research Questions
Universiti Teknologi Malaysia |Page 7
Research question ONE two Create three Refine
What are the TAMM strategic implementation elements that has been emphasised in MAM?
To identify TAMM strategic implementation element as to whether it is aligned with MAM.
++ Research Objectives
++ Analysis MethodContent Analysis
What is the level of awareness and understanding amongst asset personnel concerning on TAMM implementation strategy in MAM?
What is the relationship between understanding TAMM implementation strategy elements towards the awareness of TAMM implementation in MAM?
To investigate the level of awareness and understanding of asset personnel regarding the TAMM strategic implementation elements.
To examine the relationship between awareness and understanding of TAMM strategic implementation elements.
Descriptive Analysis Correlation and Regression Analysis
1 2 3
0102
03 04 05
Universiti Teknologi Malaysia |Page 8
LITERATURE REVIEW+ Asset and Asset Management
+ Strategic Management and Strategic Asset Management
+ Government Asset Management Policy
Definition of Asset
Definition of Asset Management
Overview of Strategic Management
Strategic Asset Management
GAMP
Structure of Document
Structure of Responsibility
GAMP Strategic Implementation Elements
0102
03 04 05
Universiti Teknologi Malaysia |Page 9
+ Asset and Asset Management
Asset can be categorised as current assets and fixed asset, or named as tangible such as physical asset that include property, plant and equipment; and intangible which included knowledge and goodwill (Radu and Marius, 2011)
ISO 55000 defined asset as an item, thing or entity that has potential or actual value to an organisation.
Government asset is type of property that under government possession that needs to be managed and administered to enhance the benefit towards service delivery.
…. integrated management activities of different expertise to add values and increase asset benefit towards achieving organisation goals.
Contribution
people process
money
maximise asset value
0102
03 04 05
Universiti Teknologi Malaysia |Page 10
+ Strategic Management and Strategic Asset Management
strategic formulation
strategic implementation
strategic evaluation
people process
technology
strategic asset management
businessgoal
Jolicoeur& Barret (2005)Bryson (2004)
Kohtamakii (2011)Atkinson (2006)
Lutchman (2006)Amadi-Enchendu (2007)
Laue et. al (2012
David (2012) Bryson, Barbara and Bryson (2009)
need communicateYang, Sun and Eppler (2009) Stapleberg (2006)
Woodhouse (2006) Mardiasmo (2008)
Maheswari (2006)planning
0102
03 04 05
Universiti Teknologi Malaysia |Page 11
+ Government Asset Management Policy (GAMP)
GAMP Strategic
Implementation Element
process
governance
technology
human
Policy (GAMP)
Manual (TAMM)
Asset Procedure
Supporting Documents
Asset Owner
Asset Managers
Asset Operator
Misnan (2012) claimed that the level of willingness of government officers toward GAMP was high amongst non-movable asset personnel.
Yusof (2013) discovered level of awareness and understanding of TAMM were low and nearly 50% did not understand TAMM.
Berahim, Jaafar and Razali (2013) concluded that through good governance would help to minimise problem facing by government agency in managing assets.
Have common traits in research methodology and main respondents. Not touch on all elements of GAMP strategic implementation.
01 0203
04 05
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RESEARCH METHODOLOGY+ Procedure One
+ Procedure Two
+ Procedure Three
01 0203
04 05
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+ Procedure One
Bowen (2009) argued that document analysis provided better triangulation upon potential biases by giving more insight upon situation that need to be observed and verifying the finding from other sources.
Therefore, examining the government’s documents regarding movable asset management would help to enhance the knowledge on asset management practice.
To identify TAMM strategic implementation element as to whether it is aligned with MAM.
GAMP Elements Coding
Governance Controlling Officer, Head of Department, UPA, Asset Officer, Annual Report
Process Registration, Life cycle process, Cost saving, Environmental friendly, Safe and secure, Reporting , Asset performance, Asset condition, Procedure setting
Technology SPA, Asset coding, Cooperation/ collaboration, Provider
Human Number of officer, Competency, Skills, Certified, Appointment of officer, Duration of appointment, Culture / Programme
8 M
AM
Pro
ced
ure
s
5
17
710
TA
MM
01 0203
04 05
Universiti Teknologi Malaysia |Page 14
+ Procedure Two
To investigate the level of awareness and understanding of asset personnel regarding the TAMM strategic implementation elements.
002 pilot study session
010 panel of experts select007 experts run validation
032 preliminary respondents
031 data run reliability test
ALL acceptable questions
350 main respondents
152 federal departments
024 federal ministries
003 weeks of completion
ALL email distribution
42 items of questions
18 awareness questions
18 understanding questions
06 background questions
03 sections
05 likert-scale measurement
005 Descriptive analyses
001 Respondent attribute
001 Level of awareness
001 Level of understanding
002 Cross-tabulation
001 Rank Total Mean Scores
01 0203
04 05
Universiti Teknologi Malaysia |Page 15
+ Procedure Three
To examine the relationship between awareness and understanding of TAMM strategic implementation elements.
Hypothesis
Code
Hypothesis Statement Test
Correlation Analysis
Regression Analysis
H1 significant relationship
H2 significant relationship
H3 significant relationship
H4 significant relationship
H5 significant contribution
Total Awareness
Governance
Process
Technology
Human
H1
H5
H2
H3
H4
independent variables
dependent
variables
Level of Understanding
01 02 0304
05
Universiti Teknologi Malaysia |Page 16
DATA ANALYSIS & FINDINGS+ Findings of Procedure One
+ Findings of Procedure Two
+ Findings of Procedure Three ab
d e
Through content analysis, all 4 TAMM strategy implementation elements were found in 8 procedures documents
Element of process has the highest score of observation.
Most respondents were in Assistant Asset Manager position and from federal departments.
Level of awareness and understanding were good.
However, respondents perceived higher on level of understanding compared to level of awareness.
Correlation analysis has resulted with significant relationship between all independent variables and dependent variable.
Multiple regressions analysis has demonstrated that the element of process contribute 55.40% toward the awareness level of asset personnel.
01 02 0304
05
Universiti Teknologi Malaysia |Page 17
+ Findings of Procedure One
MAM Procedure Documents
Governance
Process Technology Human
Role and Responsibility
Introduction to MAM
Receiving of Asset
Registration of Asset
Handling, Safekeeping and Inspection
Maintenance
Disposal
Theft and Write-off
TOTAL OBSERVATION SCORE 15 43 9 7
… first research objective was successfully accomplished as all 4 elements of TAMM implementation strategy was found in MAM procedures.
Please refer Appendix B
01 02 0304
05
Universiti Teknologi Malaysia |Page 18
+ Findings of Procedure Two
68%
Respond Rate
60%
Ass. Asset Manager
Involvement
Support Service Group Involvement
53%
Training forMAM
Procedure
61%
Have 1 – 3 Years
Experience
44%
Working in Departmen
t
77%
Managing Movable
Asset
31%
Respondent Attribute
Awareness Understanding
Asset Manager
Ass. Asset Manager
Professional group
Ministry
Work more 5 years
TAMM Training
Both Training
Movable only
Movable and Immovable
0
1
2
3
4
5Governance
Process
Technology
Human
… level of awareness was lower than level of
understanding of TAMM strategic implementation
elements.
01 02 0304
05
Universiti Teknologi Malaysia |Page 19
+ Findings of Procedure Three
Total Awarenes
s
Gover
nanc
e
.685
*
Process.744*
Human
.631*Te
chno
logy
.647
*
R2 = .5670.00*
R2 =.554
X2
.000**.008**
R2 =.013
X1
X3 X4
Y = 0.452 + 0.206X1 + 0.610X2
* P < 0.05 ** ΔF Sig. < 0.05
… there were positive relationship between understanding the elements of TAMM strategic implementation towards total awareness of asset personnel
… understanding the element of process and governance have significantly contributed 56.70% towards the total awareness of asset personnel while 44.30% is contributed by other variables.
01 02 03 0405
Universiti Teknologi Malaysia |Page 20
DICUSSION, CONCLUSION & RECOMMENDATION
+ Discussion
+ Conclusion
+ Recommendation
+ Summary of the study
RQ No. RQ ObjectiveAnalysis Used
Results
1To identify TAMM strategic implementation element as to whether it is aligned with MAM.
Content Analysis
All 4 elements of TAMM implementation strategy has been found in MAM procedures.
2
To investigate the level of awareness and understanding of asset personnel regarding the TAMM strategic implementation elements.
Descriptive Analysis
Level of awareness and understanding were good. However, respondents perceived higher on level of understanding compared to level of awareness.
3
To examine the relationship between awareness and understanding of TAMM strategic implementation elements.
Correlation and Regression Analysis
Understanding the elements of TAMM strategic implementation has positive relationship with total awareness of asset personnel.Besides, elements of process and governance contributed 56.70% to increase their total awareness.
01 02 03 0405
Universiti Teknologi Malaysia |Page 21
+ Discussion
RQ No. Results Author (Year) Supported Literature
1
All 4 elements of TAMM implementation strategy has been found in MAM procedures.
Mardiasmo (2008)Asset management performance rest in governance issues that materialised from working procedure, reporting setting, dedicated organisation and officers.
2
Level of awareness and understanding were good. However, respondents perceived higher on level of understanding compared to level of awareness.
Misnan (2012)Yusof (2013)
Has commitment to improve practice in GAMP.Contrary to the findings on TAMM implementation awareness and understanding amongst non-movable asset managers were low and nearly 50% did not understand what TAMM is all about.
3
Understanding the elements of TAMM strategic implementation has positive relationship with total awareness of asset personnel.Besides, elements of process and governance contributed 56.70% to increase their total awareness.
Atkinson (2006)Kohtamaki (2011)
Lack of understanding, staffs participation in strategic planning has significant impact towards strategy implementation and effected organisation performance.
Lutchman (2006)Laeu (2014)Mardiasmo (2008)Berahiim, Jaafar and Razali (2013)
Understanding the process function linked people and technology to produce a better quality in delivering its service to achieve organisation desired goal. Emphasised good governance contribution to help in minimising problem in managing government asset.
01 02 03 0405
Universiti Teknologi Malaysia |Page 23
+ Recommendation
Federal asset personnel should have knowledge or understanding of those elements to interpret its presence in the procedure.
Assistant Asset Manager and Support Service Group officer need further training to increase their understanding on TAMM.
Federal ministry and department agency should have prudent plan to increase the understanding level of its asset personnel regarding TAMM
Improving the sample technique to include asset personnel from state and district department, thus a bigger population of UPA can derive a better result in future
It is recommended that to look from Asset Owner or Asset Operator or User perspective of Government Asset Strategic Management
UPA OFFICER FEDERAL AGENCY FUTURE STUDY
Universiti Teknologi Malaysia |Page 25
APPENDIX A : VALIDITY AND RELIABILTY TEST RESULT
Sekaran and Bougie (2009) had mentioned that any item under 0.60 is considered to be poor and value that falls between 0.60 and 0.70 is considered acceptable for internal reliability level of research instrument. It has been suggested to accept question code B14 because panels of expert have validated it and no suggestion from any panels to drop or amend the question during the first phase of pilot study session.
TAMM Elements
Component
Governance Top management involvement
Organisation structure
Management review
Process Asset recognition
Asset Life Cycle
Cost Saving
Established process
Process setting
Clarity of the process
Performance indicator
Reporting
Technology System usage
Monitoring system
Promoting innovation
Human Qualified workers
Competency development
Competency assessment
Foster culture change
Universiti Teknologi Malaysia |Page 25
APPENDIX B : STRATIFIED SAMPLING TECHNIQUE
n = number of sampleN = number of populatione = p-value (0.05)
*each federal agency has an average of three (3) officers to manage the assets.