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By Shankar K Biswas, Tausif Ahmed Qurashi Revitalizing the Ganges Coastal Zone Conference 21-23 October 2014, Dhaka, Bangladesh http://waterandfood.org/ganges-conference/
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www.brac.net
INCREASING AGRICULTURAL AND AQUACULTURAL
PRODUCTIVITY IN THE COASTAL ZONE OF BANGLADESH: BRAC’S EFFORT
Shankar K Biswas
Tausif Ahmed Qurashi
Agriculture and Food Security Program BRAC
23 October 2014, Dhaka
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The overall objecVves of the program: • To enhance produc.vity by increasing agro-‐aquacultural
cropping intensity. • To ensure food security and improve livelihood of the
coastal community. • To develop farmer’s capacity in increasing climate change
adapta.on and resilience
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Technology disseminaVon strategy
ü Conver.ng single cropping area to double or triple. ü Introducing short-‐duraVon HYV rice to accommodate
high-‐value non-‐rice crop in the popular rice-‐rice pa?ern ü Introduc.on of stress tolerant crop and fish varie.es to
combat the adverse effect of climate change ü Fish/Prawn-‐rice-‐vegetable integra.on in gher fishery
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ü Area reached: 59 Upazilas (35 coastal Upazilas)
ü Technology dissemina.on
ü Capacity development of the par.cipants
ü Program supports for the criVcal inputs
ü Disaster and stress prone areas got priority
ü Graduated around 55 thousand parVcipants by
September 2014
BRAC’S EFFORT
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Extending improved rice varieties
Ø Aus: Hybrid dhan Shak.-‐2, Sathi, Alloran
Ø Aman: HYV varie.es
Ø Boro: Hybrid dhan Shak.-‐2, Sathi, Alloran, BRRI dhan28.
BINA dhan8 BINA dhan10 BRRI dhan41 BRRI dhan54 BRRI dhan51 BRRI dhan52
BINA dhan7 BRRI dhan33 BRRI dhan39 BRRI dhan56 BRRI dhan49 BR22
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Extending hybrid rice varieVes: Aus
Hybrid rice variety
DuraVon (days)
Average yield:
Shak.-‐2 119 7.32 MT/ha
(Profit: TK 60,000 – 90,000/ ha) Sathi 118
Alloran 120
v Area coverage in Aus 2014 more than 1600 hectares in south
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ProducVon cost, income and Profit of 3 different varieVes
during Aus season’2013
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HYV rice in Aman season 2013
Variety No. of farmer
Growth duraVon (days)
Yield (t/ha)
BINA dhan7 430 115 6.06
BRRI dhan33 302 117 5.47
BRRI dhan39 30 119 5.15 BRRI dhan41 50 145 5.44 BRRI dhan49 532 134 5.84
BRRI dhan51 110 147 5.40 BR22 105 144 5.81 BR11 570 139 6.27
Total 2139 Average:
5.84
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Boro rice
Around 1200 farmers cul.vated hybrid and HYV in 262 blocks in 2013 -‐ 2014.
Variety No. of
block Yield (t/ha)
Hybrid dhan Shak.-‐2 42 9.45
Hybrid dhan Alloran 27 7.71
Hybrid dhan Sathi 93 9.54
BRRI dhan28 100 6.70
Total 262
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Extending of non-‐rice crops: Maize
Ø Variety: Pacific 984, and Pacific 999 super
Ø In 2013-‐14, more than 10,147 farmers cul.vated in 2,572 ha .
Ø Average yield was 8.46 MT/ha
Maize cul.va.on in fallow char areas
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Extension of non-‐rice crops: Sunflower
• Variety: Hi-‐Sun 33 • In 2013-‐14, 11,299 farmers
cul.vated in 2,844 ha of land.
• Average yield of sunflower was 2.79 MT/ha
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Integrated gher aquaculture
Ø Coverage: 273 bighas in 15 Coastal Upazilla
Ø Direct Farmers : 266
Ø Paiern: Fish/Prawn-‐rice-‐vegetable
Ø Net profit: 172,558 Tk/ha -‐ 416,975 Tk/ha
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Outcome of gher farming in 2013
Fish: Golda, Carp, Tilapia
Rice: BR23, BR10, BRRI dhan49
Vegetables: Bo?le gourd, Bi?er gourd, Indian spinach, Okra, Cucumber, Yard long been
Name of Crop
No of farmer
Yield (t/ha)
Prodn Cost (Tk/ha)
Gross Income (Tk/ha)
Fish 185 1.75 236093 450960 Rice 94 5.3 38934 103172 Vegetables 185 14.44 157087 694265
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Aquaculture in floodplain
Ø Aquaculture in season water bodies
Ø Community-‐based par.cipatory
approach
Ø Alterna.ve source of income
Ø Plaform to share profits equally
Ø Improving nutri.onal security
Ø Making sustainable by the community
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Year No. of location Total water body (acre)
No. of farmer
2013 7 73 257
2014 13 160 540
Aquaculture in floodplain
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Aquaculture in floodplain, 2013-‐14
Average produc.on: 795 Kg/ha
Produc.on cost: 54,584 Tk/ha
Gross return: 82,926 Tk/ha
Net profit: 28,342 Tk/ha
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SCALE-‐OUT OF G2/IRRI RESEARCH FINDINGS
ü Community based Water Management under Polder 30, Khulna
ü Brackish water Aquaculture at Polder 03 Kaliganj, Satkhira
ü Scale out of productive, profitable and resilient agriculture system at Polder 43/2F, Barguna.
Polder 3
Polder 30
Polder 42/2/F FRESH
Bay of Bengal
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Ø Technology: CPWF Research findings ,suitable for the community. Ø Study conducted at community level : Land users, Local water users
associa.on and Public representa.ves Ø Survey of farmers and FGD Ø Cross visit of both community and project personnel. Ø Required infrastructural development (embankment, mini sluice gate
and drainage) Ø demonstrate early establishment of non-‐rice crops for safe harvest of the
crops and consequently higher produc.on and income Ø Introducing short dura.on and stress tolerant varie.es (disseminated
by G2)
Methodology followed:
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Mini Water-shed Technology
Objectives Overall objective of this study is to work in a pilot
“watershed” area to demonstrate the benefits of improved water management technique at the community level – to adopt improved crop and crop management
practices – for the safe harvest of the dry season crops to
achieve productivity.
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Field visit: Sharing experience
Experiencing
the ‘Water Shed Technology’ by
BRAC-G5 staff and community
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Community based Water Management under Polder 30, BaVaghata, Khulna
• Total Land Area: 38.42 acre (15.6 ha)
• No. of par.cipants: 55 • Introduced variety:
Ø Sesame-‐ BARI .l-‐4 Ø HYV Aman Rice
(BRRI dhan41, BRRI dhan49)
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G5 -‐ Brackish water Aquaculture at Polder 03, Kaliganj, Satkhira
v No. of par.cipants: 31 v Total water body: 54.50
acre (22 ha)
Introduced Species/ Variety Ø Local Magur (Clarious sp), Ø Vietnamese Koi (Anabus sp) Ø Monosex Tilapia Ø Vagetables
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Scale out of producVve, profitable and resilient agriculture system
Polder 43/2F, Barguna
• Land coverage: 13.62 acre • Farmer : 22 • Introduced variety
Ø Aus : Hybrid-‐Alloron Ø Aman: BRRI dhan 52
Aus
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Scale-out at Polder 43/2F
• Input provide: Ø Hybrid/ HYV rice seed Ø Irrigation pump machine Ø Critical operational inputs
• Aus yield: 7.9 mt/ha
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Developed and Demonstrated Cropping Paierns in different Regions of Bangladesh
Cropping Paierns Demonstrated Districts
Boro – Aman -‐ Sunflower Khulna, Bagerhat,
Satkhira, Pirojpur Fallow -‐ Aman – Maize
Fallow -‐ Aman – Sunflower
Aus – Aman – Sunflower Potuakhali, Barguna
Boro -‐ Aman -‐ Sunflower
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Crop Intensification
Information taken from 481 farmer’s from 13 different Upazila 324 acre of land
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Obstacles
• Water stagna.on (30-‐50 cm for > 2-‐3 month) in rainy season. • Lack of fresh water in dry season. • The farmer community used to cul.vate local rice variety
which is difficult to change. • Adverse climate hampers both the produc.on and harves.ng
of Rabi crop. • Sluice gate opera.on is done according to the requirement of
the whole Polder area, which may not be in favour of our project area.
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Obstacles contd.
• The water management system within the Polder area doesn’t work properly due to faulty sluice gates and sil.ng-‐up of internal canals.
• Among all the farmers in a block some farmers want to use
local variety. • In coastal zone many land owners are not involved in agro-‐
based profession and they lease their land to the landless or poor farmers. These lease farmers have to obey the instruc.ons of landlords regarding variety selec.on.
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RecommendaVons
Ø Upda.ng of Sluice gate opera.on system Ø Dragging of canals Ø Introduc.on of short dura.on, stress tolerant and high yielding varie.es Ø Raising awareness among the community
• Distribu.on of comm. Materials • Issue based training/ mee.ngs, • Campaigns
Ø Strengthening network among all related stakeholders
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Thank you
Thanks
