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LEGISLATION
PRIVATE SECTOR
PUBLIC SECTOR
THIRD SECTOR
ETHICS AND METHODS
SOCIAL ISSUES AND DILEMMAS
COMMUNITY WORK
LEGISLATION• The fundamental value under the Finnish Constitution
guarantees the right to a good treatment, informed choices, dignity, security and care recipient involvement – Ministry of Social Affairs and Health, 2008
• Qualification and certification of workforce “Social welfare law is the most important law in
my work.”
- Pirjo Peltonen, Roihuvuori
” All encompassing care of elderly
including pharmalogical
treatment, nursing, rehabilitation and palliative care.”
- Marja Tammisto, Onnitalo
TEAM
Doctors Nurses
Social counsellor / instructor Occupational therapist
Physiotherapist Demobilization nurse Other social workers
InstructorsHome care employees
These professionals work very closely together as a team to reach their objectives
“It’s a natural thing to do social work because it gives a wide area to
work.”
– Birgitta Tirkkonen, Itäkeskus
• National Curriculum for long-term care workers• Regulation and Inspections • Long-term care providers
”More and more sick elderly are treated at home with
the help of home care and from the hospitals
they send sick elder people back at their homes because
there are no resources.”
- Pirjo Peltonen, Roihuvuori
• Role of Municipalities (342): Arrange, provide, purchase and sensitize about available health and long-term care (LTC) services for their residents
“Social worker also tries to assemble a necessary network
to support the acculture (service user going back
home.”
- Pirjo Peltonen, Roihuvuori
Public sector
• Publicly funded healthcare as in taxation, designed to meet the cost of all or most healthcare needs from a publicly managed fund
• Municipalities are responsible for organising social welfare and health care
• Public healthcare is available to all permanent residents in Finland, regardless of their financial situation
• Health care services are provided by municipal health centers and district hospitals
• Roihuvuori Diverse Service Centre business idea is that everybody gets equally good health care
• Different kind of services for over 75 years old
“
“Service users come mainly from
hospitals or home for an evaluation and
rehabilitation period, sometimes they
come for crisis places. The main goal of
the treatment period is that the service
user could afterwards still return home.”
- Pirjo Peltonen, Roihuvuori
“Social worker works with multi-professional network, next of kin (immediate family) and cooperation
partners. My job is to evaluate the need of services used by the service user and arrange different kind of
services. For example by finding a long-term placement.”
- Pirjo, Peltonen, Roihuvuori“The closest and most important cooperation
partners are the doctors, nurses, social counsellors, occupational therapist and other
staff members in the work community. Otherwise and when there is a doubt that the
service user might be economically, physically or mentally mistreated.”
- Pirjo Peltonen, Roihuvuori
Private sector• The private sector is managed by foundations,
associations or enterprises and is not controlled by the government.
• Private health services supplement public services and they can sell their services for municipalities or directly to clients.
• Quarter of all social and health services• Service accommodation is one of the most usual
services
“More than 70% of the staff that works in care taking have experienced violence or felt threatened. The
continuous rush, insufficient brakes, staff resources and grey overtime work are big work safety hazards.”
(Helsingin Uutiset, 2016).
“Our resources are cut all the time. The work itself is hard mentally and when pay is low, people get sick, the motivation for the work lowers. At the same time, they send sick old people back home because there are no resources. The situation is unsustainable.”- Marja Tammisto, Onnitalo
” All encompassing care of elderly
includes pharma logical treatment,
nursing, rehabilitation and palliative care.”
- Marja Tammisto,
Onnitalo” More activities and day trips for
the elderly so they could visit other
places rather than institutes and
they could meet other people.”
- Marja Tammisto, Onnitalo
Third sector• Sometimes described as voluntary
sector, third sector is managed by organizations
• It’s a social sector that does not aim to profit
• Usually pursues the organizations or groups social goals
• They get their funding on public donations or on grant arrangements
• Eläkkeensaajien keskusliitto: second largest retirement organization in Finland
Organizations highlight things
like being together, recreation,
peer support and experience.
They get their funding
mainly from RAY
(Finland's Slot Machine
Association).”
- Tarja Pajunen, EKL
“Elderly people should be
activated, pension
organizations actions should be
supported, we should invest
more in rehabilitation and
investigations of memory ill. We
should have a caregiver
legislation.”
-Tarja Pajunen, EKL
” The goal of the union is to strengthen the position and rights of the pensioner, and especially influence on the
retirement allowance poverty.”
“We want to raise national pensions by different means like index check-ups and pension income taxation should not be
harsher than salary income. Elderly persons should be heard. There is a lot to improve in the services and the
service charges should be reasonable.”
- Tarja Pajunen, EKL
”Our most important partners are the multiprofessional teams who work closely together in order to reach the wanted result with a client.”
BirgittaTirkkonen, Itäkeskus
The relationship between the
service user and worker is not
a private one and may include members of the
team and other health care professionals and service
providers.
“You have to be diplomatic. While working with residents and their relatives, you need to have your antennas on and inquire what would be the best way of proceeding to the best solution where everybody would be as happy as possible.”
– Birgitta Tirkkonen, Itäkeskus
The social worker has to keep in mind the needs and the interests of other people as well as the service user
“Among other things, the social worker evaluates the need of services used by the service user and arranges different kind of services. Social worker also tries to assemble a necessary network to support the service user who is returning home.”
- Pirjo Peltonen, Roihuvuori
He/she has the duty to distribute the
resources of the agency fairly between
individual service users and to manage
them efficently
METHODS
• Main goal of social work is to look for the best possible wellbeing for the people, groups and communities.
• The other knowledge • Personal growth• Empowering• Self-determination
WHAT KIND OF COMPETENCES?
• Diplomacy• Listening• Patience• Open mindless• Seeing things from different
views
Number of elderly people is going to grow rapidly in following years. We asked from the social workers what things are probably going to change in the future.
• Elderly people from different cultures
• Worry about the economical situation and how they affect
• Condition of the residents which has gone worse all the time
FUTURE OF ELDERLY WORK?
“I have been thinking one day at
a time, let´s see what happens.
These people need to be taken care of
anyway.”
- Birgitta Tirkkonen, Itäkeskus“I´m trustful that there comes this voice of sense
somewhere, since there is going to be a big amount of older people and we just
need to take care of them no matter
what.”
- Birgitta Tirkkonen, Itäkeskus
CHALLENGES
“Sometimes it needs a lot of balancing between situations
and ask consultation from doctors or supervisors what there is to do”
Birgitta Tirkkonen, Itäkeskus
“Also if the person thinks that they don’t need a trustee or help even though it clearly is for their
own good.”
“There can be issues like refusing on taking medication or treatment of wounds. Then we have to think really carefully
what to do because if the patients aren’t treated, their
health condition is going to get worse.”
“Same thing goes also with the resident who
needs a trustee, like example in a
case where person cannot take care
of own money situation and there is no relatives who
could handle money issues or
give help”
Social issues
• Have significant impacts• Loneliness • Frustrations • Social isolation • Inability to continue to work • Boredom• Financial stresses • Inability to independently manage regular
activities of living
“ In situation like these it is important to have the help within
the work community.
The work can be mentally really hard, it really depends on the day and how is the service user feeling
that day.”
- Pirjo Peltonen, Roihuvuori
The low versus human rights
Stereotyping
Ageism
Useless
Discrimination
Different
”I want to create sense of
community, reduce feelings of
loneliness and bring quality to the
life in facility.”
–BirgittaTirkkonen, Itäkeskus
• Educate society regarding elderly • Needs• Desires• Hope• Future• Ambitions• Legacy
Social services - advocate BENEFICENCE / NON-MALEFICENCE
“ The elderly were once young, and they have the same needs and
desires as we all have.”
- Birgitta, ItäkeskusDO GOOD
COMMUNITY WORK WITH ELDERLY PEOPLE
“I love to listen to them, to their stories to their past”
- BirgittaTirkkonen, Itäkeskus
They seek to empower people
to become subjects rather than objects in
their lives
Representation, Acting and
arguing for the interests of their
clients
REFERENCES• Social - and health ministry, www.stm.fi • www.kunnat.net• www.finlex.fi• www.soste.fi• Roihuvuori Diverse Service Center, http://www.hel.fi. Pirjo Peltonen, social worker. 2016.• Onnitalo, www.onnitalo.fi, Marja Tammisto, director of the service house. 2016.• Helsingin Sanomat, Vasantola Satu, 20.10.2016. http://www.hs.fi/kotimaa/a1476854021669• Eläkkeensaajien keskusliitto, www.elakkeensaajat.fi, Tarja Pajunen, sociopolitical adviser. 2016.• Itäkeskus Service Center, http://www.hel.fi. Birgitta Tirkkonen, social worker. 2016.• OECD Questionnaire on Long-term Care Quality (2012). OECD Health Data 2012.• Country Note (June 2013): Finland - A Good Life in Old Age © OECD/European Commission.• https://www.oecd.org/els/health-systems/Finland-OECD-EC-Good-Time-in-Old-Age.pdf • Juhila (2012), sosiaalityöntekijöinä ja asiakkaina, 106• https://www.oecd.org/els/health-systems/Finland-OECD-EC-Good-Time-in-Old-Age.pdf • Crisp, Beth (2016), “Contemporary Social Work Studies: Spirituality and Social Work”, Farnham:
Ashgate. http://ocw.jhsph.edu/courses/agingpopulations/pdfs/lecture14.pdf • Banks, Sara (2012) ”Ethics and Values in social work, third edition,Palgrave McMillan • Payne Malcom (2015) Modern Social Work Theory, third edition,Palgrave McMillan (295-315)