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Innovation: Managing Risk, Not Avoiding it Sir Mark Walport Chief Scientific Adviser to HM Government

Healthcare Science: Making it Happen - Risk

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Innovation: Managing Risk, Not Avoiding it

Sir Mark WalportChief Scientific Adviser to HM Government

• Wellbeing, health, security & resilience

• Knowledge translated to economic advantage

• The right science for emergencies

• Underpinning policy with evidence

• Advocacy and leadership for science

Government’s Chief Scientific Adviser

2 Innovation: Managing Risk, Not Avoiding It, 17th March 2015

Credit: iStockphoto

GCSA Themed Annual Report

• Topic of report all pervasive in work as GCSA.

• Growth driven by science and innovation.

• Innovation to deal with global challenges (ageing populations, scarce resources, infectious diseases, carbon emissions).

• Innovation held back by poorly framed discussions about risk

• If governance of risk goes wrong, miss out on major potential benefits, or suffer needlessly.

3 Innovation: Managing Risk, Not Avoiding It, 17th March 2015

Where does risk come in?

Natural events

4 Innovation: Managing Risk, Not Avoiding It, 17th March 2015

Credit: National Museum of Health and Medicine, USA Credit: CDC/ Ethleen Lloyd

Where does risk come in?

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Human

Credit: 9/11 Photos/CC BY 2.0Credit: AP

National Risk Register

Effusive Volcanic eruption

Explosive Volcanic Eruption

Severe Space Weather

Public Disorder

Disruptive Industrial Action

Effusive Volcanic eruption

Explosive Volcanic Eruption

Severe Space Weather

Public Disorder

Disruptive Industrial Action

6 Innovation: Managing Risk, Not Avoiding It, 17th March 2015

• Hazard

• Exposure

• Vulnerability

• Risk

• Uncertainty

• Threat

Using common principles about language to raise the level of

conversations

7 Innovation: Managing Risk, Not Avoiding It, 17th March 2015

Credit: Warren Photographic

Innovation has got us where we are

• Widespread electrification

• Improvements in healthcare

• Mass production systems

• Better transport links

8 Innovation: Managing Risk, Not Avoiding It, 17th March 2015

Credit: A_Werdan/PD

Credit: Cavale Doom/CC BY-NC-ND 2.0 Credit: Cromemco/CC BY-SA 3.0 Credit: Greg Goebel/PD

We live in a challenging age

•Technological change

•Innovative generation

•Changing demographics

•Ageing

•Interconnectedness

9 Innovation: Managing Risk, Not Avoiding It, 17th March 2015

The innovative world we live in today

Credit: Pascal666/CC BY-SA 3.0

A growing global population requires innovation

10 Innovation: Managing Risk, Not Avoiding It, 17th March 2015

The challenges we face include:

•Climate change

•Water security

•Food and agricultureCredit: Lindsey Bengtson/PD

Credit: יגאל שרגיאן /CC BY 2.5Credit: stockphoto

Forms of innovation and risks

1) High level of acceptance but who pays?

11 Innovation: Managing Risk, Not Avoiding It, 17th March 2015

Credit: FluzoneCredit: Sponge/CC BY-SA 3.0

Forms of innovation and risks

2) Science meets values

12 Innovation: Managing Risk, Not Avoiding It, 17th March 2015

Credit: werktuigendagen/CC BY-SA 2.0

Credit: Peretzp/CC BY-SA 3.0

Forms of innovation and risks

3) My risk, your benefit

13 Innovation: Managing Risk, Not Avoiding It, 17th March 2015

Credit: Sunil060902/CC-BY-SA-3.0

Credit: istockphoto Credit: BBC

Forms of innovation and risks

4) Unintended consequences

14 Innovation: Managing Risk, Not Avoiding It, 17th March 2015

Credit: Dalbera/CC BY 2.0 Credit: istockphoto

Holding a Wider Conversation about Risk

• Risk – a societal issue

• Language

• Values and lenses

• Who benefits and who carries the risk

• Transparency

• Widening the conversation is a democratic necessity

15 Innovation: Managing Risk, Not Avoiding It, 17th March 2015

Credit: Focus Features

What can science contribute?

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GMOs

•What organism?

•What gene?

•What purpose?

•The specific application – not the generic technology

Risk Discussions Require Specificity

17 Innovation: Managing Risk, Not Avoiding It, 17 March 2015

Credit: IRRI/CC BY 2.0

Credit: Rosalee Yagihara/CC BY 2.0 Credit: Sarah Usher/Rothamsted Research

The policy challenge: Viewing difficult issues through varied

lenses

Parkhill et al, Transforming the Energy System – Public Values, Attitudes and Acceptability, 2013 (UKERC)

18 Innovation: Managing Risk, Not Avoiding It, 17th March 2015

Credit: Thomas Shahan/CC BY-NC-ND 2.0

Science and Values: Mitochondrial DNA

• Human Fertility and Embryology Authority

• addresses policy issues relating to fertility regulation

• sometimes ethically and clinically complex

• Scrupulous care in assessing a wide range of data and evidence

• Comprehensive programme of public engagement

• Helped build trust in community at large

• Worked closely with legislators

19 Innovation: Managing Risk, Not Avoiding It, 17th March 2015

Credit: Bob Whitehead/CC BY 2.0

Regulatory challenges

• Economic regulation – A systems approach

• Asymmetric incentives

• Encrusted regulation

• Regulation when science meets values

20 Innovation: Managing Risk, Not Avoiding It, 17 th March 2015

Credit: Red Flag Act

Credit: iStockphoto

21 Innovation: Managing Risk, Not Avoiding It, 17 th March 2015

• Investment: Aligning national priorities for investment on resilience, infrastructure and innovation with an evidence and risk-based approach;

• UK coordination: Ensuring a more coherent and structured approach to assessing impact of risk in policy, regulation and crisis management;

• Regulators: Putting in place the right governance structures and incentives in relation to our regulators and regulated industries;

• Science-based EU: Rooting the approach to policy and decision-making in EU in robust scientific evidence.

STOP CONFUSING SCIENCE AND VALUES

Call to Action

Every effort has been made to trace copyright holders and to obtain their permission for the use of copyright material. We apologise for any errors or omissions in the included attributions and would be grateful if notified of any corrections that should be incorporated in future versions of this slide set. We can be contacted through [email protected].

@uksciencechief

www.gov.uk/go-science