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GLOF Risk in Punakha Bhutan

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The proactive response to GLOF Risk at Punakha

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Page 1: GLOF Risk in Punakha Bhutan
Page 2: GLOF Risk in Punakha Bhutan

•  Bhutan  is  small  country  (~40Ksq  Kms)  located  in  the  fragile  Himalayas  •  The  popula>on  is  about  700,000  and  only  1%  of  the  total  land  is  es>mated  to  be  arable  

•  The  primary  income  source  for  the  country  is  Hydropower  exports  and  Tourism  

•  Any  Risk/loss  is  substan>al  in  perspec>ve  of  its  size  and  popula>on    

Page 3: GLOF Risk in Punakha Bhutan

Punakha  Valley  lies  in  the  western  part  of  the  country.    

Page 4: GLOF Risk in Punakha Bhutan

Cultural  Tours,  River  raPing,  trekking  is  a  main  source  of  income  for  many  in  Punakha  

Page 5: GLOF Risk in Punakha Bhutan

•  Hydropower  Revenues  form  up  to  30%  of  na>onal  revenues,  expected  to  increase  to  about  50%  of  na>onal  revenues  

•  Two  Large  hydro  power  projects  with  over  1000MW  installed  capacity  lie  along  this  river  

Page 6: GLOF Risk in Punakha Bhutan

Glacial  Lakes  such  as  these  are  sources  of  water  for  the  rivers  flowing  in  Bhutan  

Page 7: GLOF Risk in Punakha Bhutan

Google-­‐map  view  of  the  glacial  lakes  which  are  sources  of  water  for  the  PunatsangChhu  

Page 8: GLOF Risk in Punakha Bhutan

Clima>c  changes  globally  causes  glaciers  to  melt  faster.  Large  chunks  of  ice  falling  into  the  large  glacial  lakes  causes  sudden  increase  in  flow  of  water  in  the  rivers,  causing  damage  to  in  the  valleys.  Punakha  Valley  has  experienced  many  such  floods  causing  loss  of  life,  damage  to  property,  affects  the  aqua>c  life,  affects  arable  land,  affects  tourism.  

Page 9: GLOF Risk in Punakha Bhutan

Damages  to  aqua>c  life,  livelihood  arable,  land  as  a  result  of  the  flood  

Page 10: GLOF Risk in Punakha Bhutan

Damage  to  arable  land  

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Damages  to  infrastructure  

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Before  and  aPer  floods  

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Mi>ga>on  Measures  :  Glacial  lakes  were  surveyed.  Poten>al  impact  surveyed.  High  risk  glacial  lakes  iden>fied  .  Early  warning  sirens  installed  and  local  community  trained  on  response.  

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The  Risk  of  glacial  lake  outbursts  to  the  Punakha  valley  is  receiving  its  due  a_en>on;    

Incen%ves    Decision  makers  are  concerned  because  of  its  direct  impact  on  Hydropower  and  Tourism  

Behavioral  Relevant  communi>es  are  being  sensi>zed  and  trained  on  response.  

Informa%on  Technical  informa>on  has  been  collected  and  disseminated    

Resources  Adequate  resources  are  being  mobilized  to  create  awareness,  install  early  warning  system.  

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Mi>ga>on  Measures  :  Manually  reducing  the  levels  of  glacial  lakes.  The  reduced  quan>ty  of  water  in  the  lakes  reduces  the  possible  impact  of  floods  

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Mi>ga>on  and  Coping  :  Schema>c  of  the  Early  warning  system  installed  in  the  Punakha  Valley  

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Coping  Mechanism  :  Led  by  His  Majesty  the  King,  a  search  and  rescue  team    called  “Desuups”  are  being  constantly  trained  to  help  the  affected  during  floods  and  other  disasters.  

Page 18: GLOF Risk in Punakha Bhutan

The  GNH  Country  has  its  share  of  Risks.  With  effec>ve  governance  and  assistance  from  interna>onal  donors,  the  risks  associated  with  glacial  lake  outbursts  are  being  mi>gated  and  coping  mechanisms  being  ins>tuted.