GROOTS KENYA GRASSROOTS ORGANIZATIONS OPERATING TOGETHER IN SISTERHOOD

COMMUNITY LED INVENTORY OF PUBLIC LAND

IN LARI CONSTITUENCY, KIAMBU COUNTY DATA VALIDATION REPORT

Sweden

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JUNE 2013

2 | Community led Inventory of Public Land in Lari Constituency, Kiambu County GROOTS Kenya, KENVO, ACT & The Embassy of Sweden 2013

REFERENCE:

COMMUNITY LED INVENTORY OF PUBLIC LANDS LARI CONSTITUENCY, KIAMBU COUNTY VALIDATION REPORT

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FOR AND ON BEHALF OF GROOTS KENYA MAY – JUNE 2013

A PUBLICATION OF GROOTS KENYA (2013)

Esther Mwaura-Muiru National Co-ordinator, GROOTS Kenya

Anyona S. Gichuru Lead Advocacy and Public Land Mapping Consultant, CODIT Institute

Titus Kuria Mbugua Staff Team Leader, GROOTS Kenya

Nancy Sudi Research Assistant, CODIT Institute

Lari Constituency Grassroots Community Lead Team

Nelious Muthoni Njoroge Lari-Kirenga Ward

Rose Wairimu Njenga Nyanduma Ward

Flaciah Wanjiku Ngige Monicah Mwihaki Kamau

Fresiah Wanjiku Kamau Mary Wairimu Kiarie

Annah Wairimu Ngaruiya Kamburu Ward

Joan Wangeci Kinyanjui Kijabe Ward Hannah Wangari Chege Margaret Nyambura

Muchiri

John Chege kinyanjui Cecilia Nyambura

Hannah Wangui Kiambuthi Kinale ward

Lucy Wangui Njoroge

David Ndung’u Chege

3 | Community led Inventory of Public Land in Lari Constituency, Kiambu County GROOTS Kenya, KENVO, ACT & The Embassy of Sweden 2013

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS:

We take this earliest opportunity to acknowledge and appreciate the contribution of the many persons and institutions that made the execution of this task a reality. Special mention goes to ACT and the Swedish Embassy for providing the funding that made this task a reality and for their unwavering support throughout the program period. To our partner and sister organization KENVO, we say thank you very much for your immense support and partnership, for the invaluable logistical assistance and for providing critical information, knowledge and support to the process. Your co-ordination and dedication to this task made it much more efficient. GROOTS Kenya is humbled by the dedication, wisdom, guidance and unwavering support provided by Mr. Bernard Kinyua, the Deputy County Commissioner, Lari Sub-County. Special thanks also go out to the administrative offices including those of the Assistant Sub-County Commissioners and National Government Coordinators Lari Sub-County. We also appreciate the contribution of opinion leaders and community members across the Sub-County whose co-operation, willingness to participate and enthusiasm went a long way in making the process a great success. GROOTS Kenya remains greatly indebted to the team that took charge of the data validation process (list contained above). and takes this opportunity to thank Esther Mwaura-Muiru (GROOTS Kenya, National Co-ordinator) for her support in developing the model and as well as providing overall guidance and management, Titus Mbugua (GROOTS Kenya, Staff Team Leader) and Anyona S. Gichuru (Rural Finance and Organizational Development Consultant, CODIT Institute) for their inputs and dedication to this process. It may not be possible to mention everyone by name and title but to all who participated in this process in one way or the other we say “many thanks that can never be enough”. It would not have been possible without you. Your individual and collective input was a strong pillar to the successful finalization of this task. Many thanks and God bless you abundantly. Jedidah Wakonyo Waruhiu Board Chairperson, GROOTS Kenya

4 | Community led Inventory of Public Land in Lari Constituency, Kiambu County GROOTS Kenya, KENVO, ACT & The Embassy of Sweden 2013

TABLE OF CONTENTS REFERENCE: ............................................................................................................................................... 2 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS: ............................................................................................................................... 3 ABBREVIATIONS: ......................................................................................................................................... 6 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY ................................................................................................................................. 7 1.0 INTRODUCTION AND BACKGROUND: ...................................................................................................... 8

1.1 Introduction and Background of GROOTS Kenya: ........................................................................ 8 1.2 Background of the project: ............................................................................................................. 8 1.3 Scope of the Process: .................................................................................................................... 9 1.4 Approach and methodologies used: .............................................................................................. 9 1.5 Limitations experienced during validation: ................................................................................... 10

2.0 LAND AND PUBLIC LANDS - THE NATIONAL AND LOCAL CONTEXTS ...................................................... 11

2.1 The National Context in Relation to Land: ................................................................................... 11 2.2 The National Context in Relation to Public Land: ......................................................................... 11 2.3 The Current Institutional Framework and Key Functions: ............................................................ 12 2.4 The Current Context of Public Lands in Lari District: ................................................................... 13

3.0 ANALYSIS AND FINDINGS ON PUBLIC LANDS IN LARI CONSTITUENCY ..................................................... 14

3.1 NYANDUMA WARD: ........................................................................................................................ 14

3.1.1 Public learning institutions: .................................................................................................. 14 3.1.2 Health Facilities: .................................................................................................................. 15 3.1.3 Roads, Road Reserves and Parking Areas: ........................................................................ 16 3.1.4 Water Bodies: ...................................................................................................................... 17 3.1.5 Waste disposal points: ......................................................................................................... 20 3.1.6 Club Areas & Other Recreational Facilities:......................................................................... 21 3.1.7 Market Centres: ................................................................................................................... 21 3.1.8 Cemeteries: ......................................................................................................................... 22 3.1.8 Forests: ............................................................................................................................... 22 3.1.9 Other public lands/facilities: ................................................................................................. 23

3.2 KIJABE WARD: .............................................................................................................................. 24

3.2.1 Learning Institutions: ........................................................................................................... 24 3.2.2 Health Facilities: .................................................................................................................. 26 3.2.3 Roads, Road Reserves and Parking Areas: ........................................................................ 26 3.2.4 Water Bodies, Facilities and Designated Sites: ................................................................... 27 3.2.5 Waste Points/Garbage Disposal Plots: ................................................................................ 29 3.2.6 Club Areas & Other Recreational Facilities:......................................................................... 29 3.2.7 Market Centres: ................................................................................................................... 30 3.2.8 Cemeteries: ......................................................................................................................... 31 3.2.9 Forests: ............................................................................................................................... 31

3.3 KINALE WARD: .............................................................................................................................. 32

3.3.1 Public learning institutions in Kinale Ward: .......................................................................... 32 3.3.2 Health facilities: ................................................................................................................... 33

5 | Community led Inventory of Public Land in Lari Constituency, Kiambu County GROOTS Kenya, KENVO, ACT & The Embassy of Sweden 2013

3.3.3 Roads, Road Reserves and Parking Areas: ........................................................................ 33 3.3.4 Water Bodies, Facilities and Designated Sites: ................................................................... 34 3.3.5 Waste Points/Garbage Disposal Plots: ................................................................................ 35 3.2.6 Club Areas & Other Recreational Facilities:......................................................................... 35 3.3.7 Market Centres: ................................................................................................................... 35 3.3.8 Cemeteries in Kinale Ward .................................................................................................. 36 3.3.9 Land parcels purchased through C.D.F kitty:...................................................................... 36 3.3.10 Forest land ........................................................................................................................ 37

3.4 LARI KIRENGA ............................................................................................................................... 38

3.4.1 Learning Institutions ............................................................................................................ 38 3.4.2 Water Bodies: ...................................................................................................................... 40 3.4.3 Health facilities: ................................................................................................................... 41 3.4.3 Roads, Road Reserves and Parking Areas: ........................................................................ 41

3.4.4 WASTE DISPOSAL POINTS:....................................................................................................... 42 3.4.5 Club Areas & Other Recreational Facilities:......................................................................... 42 3.4.6 Market centres in Lari-Kirenga Ward: .................................................................................. 43 3.4.7 Cemeteries in Lari-Kirenga Ward ........................................................................................ 43 3.4.8 Forests in Lari-Kirenga Ward: .............................................................................................. 44

3.5 KAMBURU WARD ........................................................................................................................... 46

3.5.1 Public learning institutions in Kamburu Ward: ..................................................................... 46 3.5.2 Public health facilities in Kamburu Ward: ............................................................................ 47 3.5.3 Roads and road reserves in Kamburu Ward: ....................................................................... 47 3.5.4 Water bodies in Kamburu Ward: .......................................................................................... 48 3.5.5 Waste Points/Garbage Disposal Plots: ................................................................................ 50 3.5.6 Club Areas & Other Recreational Facilities:......................................................................... 50 3.5.7 Market Centres: ................................................................................................................... 51 3.5.8 Cemeteries: ......................................................................................................................... 51 3.5.9 Other public lands/facilities identified in Kamburu Ward: ..................................................... 51

4.0 EMERGING ISSUES, CHALLENGES FACING PUBLIC LAND & CONCLUSION: ............................................. 53

4.1 Emerging Issues: ......................................................................................................................... 53 4.2 Challenges facing public lands: ................................................................................................... 54 4.3 Conclusion: .................................................................................................................................. 55

5.0 REFERENCES ...................................................................................................................................... 56

6 | Community led Inventory of Public Land in Lari Constituency, Kiambu County GROOTS Kenya, KENVO, ACT & The Embassy of Sweden 2013

ABBREVIATIONS:

ACT - Act Change and Transform (NGO)

AP - Administration Police

CDF - Constituency Development Fund

DCC - District County Commissioner

DLT - District Land Trust

DLB - District Land Board

GoK - Government of Kenya

GROOTS - Grassroots Women Operating Together in Sisterhood

Ha - Hectare

KENVO - Kijabe Environment Volunteers

KNBS - Kenya National Bureau of Statistics

Km - Kilometer

L.R. - Land reference

NGO - Non Governmental Organization

NLP - National Land Policy

NLC - National Land Commission

NTLF - National Land Transfer Trust

Sch - School

SIDA - Swedish International Development Agency TBC - Tea Buying Centre

TB - Tuberculosis

UN - United Nations

7 | Community led Inventory of Public Land in Lari Constituency, Kiambu County GROOTS Kenya, KENVO, ACT & The Embassy of Sweden 2013

EXECUTIVE SUMMARY Land (public or private) is an emotive issue in Kenya. Private land is a mainstay for the greater majority of Kenyan’s while public land is the basis on which communities collectively access adequate and quality essential services such as education, healthcare, recreation and administration. Over the years, public land has been faced with a myriad of challenges among others corruption, illegal acquisition (grabbing) and irregular allocations. These challenges were fueled by the fact that there was no formal database of public lands in the country thus exposing them to encroachment, irregular allocation and in many instances outright grabbing.

Since 2004, GROOTS Kenya has been working with grassroots women in various communities to enhance their capacities in curbing asset stripping and disinheritance with specific emphasis on matrimonial property. In its involvement in developing the National Land Policy (NLP), GROOTS Kenya recognized the significance of public lands in enhancing access to adequate basic services. Despite its significance to their livelihoods, grassroots women remain largely marginalized in the control, management and administration of public lands. In an attempt to address this disparity, the Embassy of Sweden provided funding for a 2-year pilot project aimed at enhancing capacities of grassroots women to take a lead in identifying and protecting public lands within Lari Constituency as a basic means towards enhancing access to high quality basic and essential services which is a constitutional right provided for in Chapter 4 of the Constitution of Kenya under the Bill of Rights. Essentially, the program sought to achieve two main objectives; (1), to create awareness on the relationship between public land and basic services to all community members but with emphasis on grassroots women; (2), to enhance capacities of grassroots women in identifying and mapping public lands within their Constituency and (3), to document, store and disseminate the findings to the community, stakeholder and share the same with relevant institutions such as the National Land Commission. The community members were sensitized on the importance and relation of public land to their livelihoods and grassroots women (with assistance of men and youth) were trained on research, data collection and mapping. This inventory is therefore the product of a participatory research conducted by grassroots community members on public lands in Lari Constituency. Data was collected, analyzed, validated and processed into this product. In addition to this, the grassroots community members also spearheaded the process of formulating GIS maps of two wards (Kijabe and Nyanduma) complete with the specific locations of the identified public lands within the constituency as a means of storage and to facilitate easier and wider dissemination. The maps are available online at http://www.kijabemap.org and http://www.nyandumamap.org. Chapter 1 of the inventory discusses the background of GROOTS Kenya and the mapping process in terms of methodologies used, scope and limitations while Chapter 2 discusses the national and local context of land in Kenya. This chapter discusses the background, history and present status of lands in Kenya as well as the institutional framework regarding land in Kenya. Chapter 3 contains findings of the mapping process for each ward. Chapter 4 discuses the issued that emerged during the mapping process, challenges experienced and conclusion while Chapter contains the mapping process references. Your indulgence is sought to further appreciate the contents of this inventory which are described in great detail herein.