SDGs Cross-Country and Trend Analysis (Goals 1: End Poverty)

Heew Kim (@HeewKim)Programme SpecialistPoverty Reduction & Sustainable LivelihoodsUNDP Egypt

UNDP-IFPRI Seminar “Measuring & Monitoring SDGs in Egypt”23 June 2016 | UNDP Conference room

Sustainable Development Goals

• Adopted in Sept 2015• Plan of action for the People,

Planet and Prosperity• Agenda of ‘Inclusive,

Sustainable and Resilience Development’

• ‘Leave no one behind’• 17 Goals & 169 Targets & 230

indicators

Target 1.1. By 2030, eradicate extreme poverty for all people everywhere, currently measured as people living on less than $1.25 a day.

Target 1.2. By 2030, reduce at least by half the proportion of men, women and children of all ages living in poverty in all its dimensions according to national definitions

Target 1.1. By 2030, eradicate extreme poverty for all people everywhere, currently measured as people living on less than $1.25 a day.0

0.5

1

1.5

2

2.5

3

3.5

4

4.5

5

500000

1000000

1500000

2000000

2500000

3000000

2.52m

1.33m

[Y VALUE]%

[Y VALUE]%

[Y VALUE]%

[Y VALUE]%

[Y VALUE]%

SDG1: Egypt Poverty Headcount Percentage ($1.25 PPP a day)

Poverty Headcount

Target 1.2. By 2030, reduce at least by half the proportion of men, women and children of all ages living in poverty in all its dimensions according to national definitions

• First published in 2010 HDR.• Why MPI? - Poverty is not just about money - People’s view of poverty - Policy implications• How? - 3 dimensions / 10 indicators - deprived in over 1/3 of indicators• SDGs have endorsed the MPI

Multidimensional Poverty Index

Survey Year MPI(H*A)

MPI Headcount ratio: % of poor (H)(k=33.3%)

Average intensity of poor (A)

Vulnerable to Poverty (k=20-33.3%)

In severe poverty (k>50%)

DHS 2014 0.014 3.6% 38.1% 5.4% 0.4%

Egypt Multidimensional Poverty

Number of Multidimensional Poor in Egypt (2014): 2,966,000

2005 2008 20140.000

0.010

0.020

0.030

0.040

0.034

0.024

0.014

MPI Egypt: Change in MPI 2005-2014

Years of Schooling

Child School Attendance

Child Mortality

Nutrition

Electricity

ImprovedSanitation

Drinking Water

Flooring

AssetOwnership

0.0 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0 2.5 3.0

MPI Egypt: Censored Deprivation in each Indicator

Egypt Multidimensional Poverty

SDGs Cross-Country Regressions

• Method promoted by WB for Country Diagnostics on SDGs

• Use GNI per capita as determinant factor to regress relevant SDGs

• Provide cross-country analysis on identifying gaps or lag in achievement

• Can only be used for SDGs that are correlated with GNI per capital (e.g. poverty, health, education, infrastructure).

Source: WDI (2016); MPI (2016)

Target 1.2. By 2030, reduce at least by half the proportion of men, women and children of all ages living in poverty in all its dimensions according to national definitions500 1000 1500 2000

10

12

14

16

18

20

22

24

26

28

5000000

7000000

9000000

11000000

13000000

15000000

17000000

19000000

21000000

23000000

25000000

11.2m

14.4m

17.1m

20.7m

22.5m

16.7

19.6

21.6

25.226.3

SDG1: Egypt National Poverty Rate & Population

Poor Population

Sustainable Development Goals

Assuit

QenaSo

hag

North Si

nai

Aswan

Beni Suef

Fayo

umMenya Giza

Luxo

r

Matrouh

New Valley

Qualubia

Behera

Kafr el S

heikhCairo

Port Sa

id

Menoufia

Sharki

a

Dakahlia Alex

Ismailia

Gharbia

DamiettaSu

ez

Red Sea

0.0

10.0

20.0

30.0

40.0

50.0

60.0

70.0

0

500000

1000000

1500000

2000000

2500000

3000000

61.759.6

55.8

47.744.3

38.5 36.933.1 32.3

30.6 29.6 28.8

22.3 21.818.7 18.316.9 16.8

14.6 13.4 13.111.3 10.6 9.0

5.3 3.8

2.47m 2.33m

1.63m

SDG1 : National Poverty Rate by Governorate

Poverty Rate # of Poor

Innovations in Measurement

PREMISE: Tracking real time prices thru user generated photos

UN Global Pulse: Using Satellite Imagery to estimate poverty levels in rural villages in Uganda

Estimating Poverty based on Mobile Activity data Example in Cote D’Ivoire (Smith et al. 2012)

Thank youHeewoong KimProgramme SpecialistPoverty Reduction & Sustainable LivelihoodsUNDP Egypt heewoong.kim@undp.org@HeewKim

Target 2.1. By 2030, end hunger and ensure access by all people, in particular the poor and people in vulnerable situations, including infants, to safe, nutritious and sufficient food all year round

Target 2.2. By 2030, end all forms of malnutrition, including achieving, by 2025, the internationally agreed targets on stunting and wasting in children under 5 years of age, and address the nutritional needs of adolescent girls, pregnant and lactating women and older persons