CCTNS & Homeland Security

A Geospatial Perspective

Sanjay Sahay,ADGP, Police Computer Wing,Bangalore

Crime & Criminal Tracking & Network Systems

About the Program• Mission Mode Project under the National

e-Governance Plan of Govt. of India

• IT-enabled-state-of-the-art tracking

system around 'Investigation of crime and

detection of criminals'

• An allocation of Rs. 2000 Crores has been

made for CCTNS Project.

• Cabinet Committee on Economic Affairs

(CCEA) has approved the project on

19.06.2009.

Coverage

Approx. 14,000 Police Stations throughout the country

6000 higher offices in police hierarchy

Circles, Sub-Divisions, Districts, Range, Zones, Police Headquarters, SCRB

Objective

Citizen friendly and more transparent Police functioning

Delivery of citizen-centric services through effective usage of ICT

Provide tools, technology and information to facilitate investigation of crime and detection of criminals

Improve Police functioning areas such as Law and Order, Traffic Management etc.

Facilitate Interaction and sharing of Information among Police units

Assist senior Police Officers in better management of Police Force

Keep track of the progress of Cases, including in Courts

A FULLY FUNCTIONAL NATIONAL DATABASE

Scope of Project

CCTNS

Data Centre / DRC

Site Preparation / Infrastructure

Software EnhancementsCapacity Building

Data Digitization

Scope of Project

SI

Data Centre / DRC

Site Preparation / Infrastructure

Software EnhancementsCapacity Building

Data Digitization

Police IT - CCTNS

• Wipro, the Developer

• Mission Mode Project

• GoI accepted Karnataka as Lead State

• Both the Projects get integrated

Police IT CCTNS

Lead State

CCTNS Police IT

Core Infrastructure - Karnataka

Software Scope

Core Application Software

Registration, Investigation &

Prosecution

Traffic

Citizen Portal

Integration

Crime Search and Analysis

Law and Order

Other Components

Infrastructure

• Client Site Infra• Data Center• DR Center• Connectivity

Training

• Basic IT• Role Based• System Admin

Data Digitization

• Crime Data Digitization

• Data Migration

Advanced Solutions

CCTNS - II

Crime Analytics

Mobile Data Terminal

CAD based PCR

AVLS

Traffic Magt. System

Business Intelligence

Karnataka CCTNS - Update

Pending

Change Management ProgramTrain The TrainerISO Policy

On-going

CAS-Gap DevelopmentCitizen PortalCenter-State IntegrationDR Center Set up

Completed

Site PreparationClient Site InfrastructureData Center ( except SSO/SLB)Police IT Enhancements

Center – State Integration

Karnataka Crime DB

National Crime DB

State-1

State-2

State-3

State-4

2-way data transfer

All Police Stations have all relevant maps on display

Sand models have been a part of standard training

The Map of today is theGeospatial Information as the requirements aremuch more complex yet precise, the demandfor which is dictated by ground realities.

Herein lies the need for Geospatial Information

Geospatial Technology ought to be at the base of CCTNS

Google EarthGoogle MapsMapmyindia

From Crime Analysis to Homeland Security: A Role for Neighborhood Profiling?

From Crime Analysis to Homeland Security

The Vulnerable Localities Index for Sandwell in the West Midlands region of England. A score of 100 is representative of the study area’s average measure. Values greater than 100 indicate higher measures of vulnerability. Areas with the highest VLI scores are those that should receive focused neighbourhood policing attention (Chainey 2004)

Distribution of postcodes with conflict-related deaths in Belfast (1970–2004). Peacelines are labeled

Schematic of spatial characteristics of Critical Risk Zones according to Olivares and Maghelal (2005)

Internal Security for Communities

Location of City of Bryan and Brazos County, Texas

Internal Security for Communities

Geo-coded addresses of reported sex crimes and suspected offenders

Proximity of perpetrators’ dwelling to location of crime they perpetrated than the designated buffers creating child safe zones (Fig. 6.11), indicating the CSZs offer little impact as a preventative measure.

Map to show the 2,000 feet proposed buffer around premises where children congregate

including school bus stops

CCTNS – the road aheadGeospatial Preparedness

The power of Processing

Appropriate Geospatial Assets

Imagery/data as required

Processing

CCTNS- the road aheadGeospatial Preparedness

The power of Processing

Inputs as per software requirements

Appropriate Software

Actionable Output

CCTNS – the road aheadGeospatial Preparedness

The power of Processing

The human expertise

Standard Communications & Operations

The data/the SP/the Ops Commander all on the same page, real time

TECHNOLOGICAL FRAMEWORK FOR SAFE

AND SECURE CITIESIN INDIA

HOMELAND SECURITY IS THE PHILOSOPHY,

BLUEPRINT AND FUTURE OF POLICING ,GLOBALLY!

FIRST ENUNCIATED IN FICCI CONFERENCE ON

HLSJULY 2011

Homeland Security A Robust Counter Terrorism Mechanism

Watershed in Modern Human

History

Homeland Security A Robust Counter Terrorism Mechanism

The attack on the World Trade Center in 2001 has been by far the single most important event in the history of the modern world and more so because it forced the world to change its perception on the nature of organization, the usage of technology, the responses, the consolidation of activities and spread of mechanisms needed to thwart the ever growing terrorism the world over.

Mega City Policing Project

Mega City Policing Project

Criticality of mega cities as economic growth engines

Formidable beginning for war against terrorism

Connecting the cities would lead to a national network

Returning to normalcy insurmountable

Leveraging Technology for HLS

Gaping holes in technology

Functionalities cannot be achieved when basic issues related to execution, back end processes and its robustness is still in question

Need of the hour: identification of technological platforms as first foundation stones of HLS in India

Technological Framework

Command and Control Centre (CCC)

Interception Systems (IS)

City Based Video Surveillance System (CBVSS)

Command and Control Center (CCC)

Integrating all fields – radio, audio, video, text, data, images and graphics

Through a viable command and control center software

Creation of a state of the art C4i

Interception Systems( IC)

Capability to monitor and penetrate any mode of communication/storage

Connect to HLS specific requirements

Analyse on a real time basis

Up-gradation and Scalability inbuilt

City Based Video Surveillance System (CBVSS)

Proven track record of providing best possible information ( video footage )

Ajmal Kasab

Technologically way ahead of CCTV networks

Inbuilt video analytics provides the connects

Integrated system. Deterrent and a must!!!

Technological Framework

TETRA Radio Network (TRN)

Geospatial Technology for HLS (GTHLS)

ERP Solution, RDBMS and Integration (ERI)

TETRA Radio Network (TRN)

TETRA – A Public Safety Network

Fully digital mode

Complete integration of all communication gadgets

Delivery of high quality voice/data/other outputs

TETRA eludes India

Geospatial Technology for HLS

Conventional inputs are unable to provided actionable data

Map of today is Geospatial imagery/GIS

Third Eye

Critical for planning, preparation & response

Geospatial Technology for HLS

Supports incident management

Great tool for regulation, enforcement, monitoring and supervision

Geospatial Technology for HLS detection, preparedness,

prevention, protection, rescue, relief, recovery, and reconstruction

accurate geospatial information in order to accomplish many of the tasks during an emergency response situation

tighter coupling between geospatial technologies and homeland security missions

Geographic Information Science

addresses the fundamental issues behind spatial data handling efforts, such as spatial data representation, analysis, modeling, and visualization

Black and white Landsat image mosaic of Afghanistan (Shroder, 1977)

Part of the Kabul and Pansher landsat mosaic (1:500,000 scale) printed by the CIA during the Soviet-Afghan War showing the area between Salang Pass, Baghram Air Base, and Kabul

Remote Sensing and GIS as Counterterrorism Tools for Homeland Security

Example of the legend of part of the Kabul III sheet at 1:500,000 scale of the Landsat mosaic in false color made by the CIA in the early 1980s, with gazetteer information on the back

Part of the Kabul III sheet showing Kabul in the upper left, the Spin Ghar (Safed Koh) range, the Parachinar (‘parrot’s beak’) border reentrant of the Kurram Agency part of the Northwest Frontier Province of Pakistan into which bin Laden escaped, and the many enumerated passes along the border that are used for smuggling people, drugs, and weapons

Example spatial subset of 8 September 2005 AVIRIS scene acquired over the New Orleans vicinity, LA, USA. Shown is band 42 (739.35 nm). The area in the upper right portion of the scene is submerged by Hurricane Katrina-induced floodwaters

Economic Impacts of Terrorist Attacks and Natural Disasters

Total losses of jobs from the hypothetical hurricane event

Isometric view of a hyperspectral AVIRIS image cube, New Orleans area, LA, USA, with bands 42 (739.35 nm), 30 (645.58 nm), and 18 (529.81 nm) as R, G, B for the top-plane image, converted to grayscale. The scene was acquired on 8 September 2005 with a pixel size of ∼9.7 m. The image cube displays, in the z-dimension, 224 spectral channels on the 370–2500-nm wavelength interval

Poppy and Terrorism

Poppy and Terrorism

Remote Sensing-Based Damage Assessment for Homeland Security 

Pre- and post-Hurricane Katrina IKONOS satellite images of a portion of New Orleans, LA, USA, acquired on 28 August 2002 (left) and 2 September 2005 (right), respectively (truecolor, converted to grayscale). Building damage and flooded areas are readily apparent in the post-hurricane image on the right. Such outwardly apparent structural damage can be visually interpreted by a human analyst.

 

Agent-Based Modeling and Evacuation PlanningHuman and Geophysical

What if scenarios

Agent Based modelling takes care of this and also the simulation process

Evacuation Planning remains to be a challenging task

Traffic situations at different times during a simulated

evacuation: One and half hours into the evacuation

Security Audit

• Where it all starts….

Evacuation Plan

• For a safer end!

Geospatial all the way!

 

Agent-Based Modeling and Evacuation PlanningHuman and Geophysical

What if scenarios

Agent Based modelling takes care of this and also the simulation process

Evacuation Planning remains to be a challenging task

 

Building Evacuation in Emergencies

Surge of interest in this field now

developing building evacuation analysis using models that focus explicitly upon the human individual’s locus of behavior

Large number of softwares available for modelling and simulating pedestrian evacuation from enclosed spaces

Spatial Epidemiology: Where Have We Come in 150 Years?

We have a well proven precedent!

The Role of Geosurveillance and Security in the Politics of Fear

Motive agnostic!

The Importance of Spatial Thinking in an Uncertain World

Geospatial education and R & D is the key

Three characteristics distinguish homeland security applications from other domains: the need for speed; the difficult environments in which technology must operate; and the impossibility of anticipating many relevant kinds of events in either space or time.

The challenge!

ERP, RDBMS & Integration

Complete functioning of the department on ERP

To be populated in a real time and dynamic mode

RDBMS

Integration of the legacy systems On single sign in / sign off concept

Managerial Response to War on

Terror

Managerial Response to War on Terror

HUGE GAPS in learning, skills and attitudes of internal security managers

Human resources should outmatch the technical system

Utility is how best we utilize

Innovative methods inclusive of outbound learning

Change management is the most critical component

National Homeland SecurityResource Base & Incident Support System

Differential levels of technologies & differential levels of mental frames

Executed at the division level in a city / then seven cities integrated at the national level

Six technologies having their national control centers at any location

Six of the these control centers gets integrated into NHLSRB - ISS

Integration  National Homeland Security – Resource Base

and Incident Support System (NHLS – RBISS)

 

National Homeland Security Blueprint

The beginning of this grandiose plan set to have a transformational impact on the Homeland Security scenario of the country is yet to be made. The world’s best buildings were a blueprint one day. A blueprint is the first to crystallize our thoughts, it could take a large number of revisions, nonetheless it has to start. Time seems to be running out.

Overall Framework

Sincere

thanks for

your rapt

attention