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2014 PV Reliability, Operations & Maintenance Workshop: A PV Cosmology Perspective for Ushering In: The Next Era in PV: Collaborative O&M Standards Development, High Performance PV, John Balfour
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A PV Cosmology Perspective for Ushering In: The Next Era in PV: Collaborative O&M Standards Development
John R. Balfour BS, MEP, Ph.D., President, CTO, Experienced Solar Professional & PV Systems Cosmologist
602-510-6360 [email protected] High Performance PV™ 050714 All Materials In this Presentation are Copy Righted By High Performance PV, 2014
Investigating A PV “Systems” Cosmology Approach © 2014
The Next Era in PV: Collaborative O&M Standards Development
What is the value of PV Standards?
Investigating A PV “Systems” Cosmology Approach © 2014 2
Standards add cost to PV Systems?
We are the experts!
Is it possible? A new era in PV collaboration Expand greater common technology awareness Solved common problem and elimination excess
costs
How will we know?
Follow the money
The Next Era in PV: Collaborative O&M Standards Development
Why Begin With O&M Standards?
Investigating A PV “Systems” Cosmology Approach © 2014 3
Greater Plant Performance & Reliability Certainty
Improved communication, experience & education
Focus on consistency, risk mitigation and the ability to compare
Focus on new innovation in processes & technology
Reduce initial development and installation costs
Dramatically reduces O&M costs over time
To do so we need: PV “Systems Process” Approach Metrics & Definitions
The Next Era in PV: Collaborative O&M Standards Development
How do PV O&M standards impact technology?
Investigating A PV “Systems” Cosmology Approach © 2014 4
Better analysis and evaluation process
New and more effective metrics
Shift technology towards greater reliability & quality
Focuses on the future needs of the PV Community.
Stimulate new innovation in components and their testing like Qualification Plus (Q+)
Q+ is an example of a high performance standard that has a positive impact on O&M expenses
Qualification Plus (Q+)
Govindasamy Tamizhmani PhD, Presented at Solar O&M North America March 25, 2014 Used with Permission by Dr. Govindasamy Tamizhmani , TUV
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The Next Era in PV: Collaborative O&M Standards Development
Where are we and what about the Gaps?
Investigating A PV “Systems” Cosmology Approach © 2014 6
Step one*: Map present standards universe
Step two*: Find and define the gaps
Step three: Establish goals and objectives
Step four: Determine the end game
Step five: Deliver the first phase of PV industry standards
Step six: Refine standards over time
Step seven: High performance PV standards
Benefits of O&M
Extend system lifetime; extend time period that the
system delivers revenue
Improve system availability; Reduce downtime; re-capture lost revenue
Reduce cost of providing O&M; directly affect project cost
Efficiency and degradation in performance; maintain energy delivery and associated revenue
Predictability of performance and O&M costs; reduce insurance and financing costs by reducing uncertainty related to lifetime, performance, and O&M costs
Operation and Maintenance (O&M) of Photovoltaic (PV) Systems ,
by Permission of National Renewable Energy Laboratory , Andy Walker, PhD PE
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The Next Era in PV: Collaborative O&M Standards Development
Why Begin With O&M … And Why M?
Investigating A PV “Systems” Cosmology Approach © 2014 8
Advanced PV system delivery processes: O&M drives specifications to reduce costs
“O&M is a Metric”. It indicates how financially successful and healthy the project is
We need to accurately understand the relationship between O&M and performance
Starting with M Focuses on Weak Points
The Next Era in PV: Collaborative O&M Standards Development
Who are the participants? “There Are No Standards when it comes to Standards”
Investigating A PV “Systems” Cosmology Approach © 2014 9
From Scope to Progress Made
ASTM
Guide the Installation, Commissioning, Operation and Maintenance of Photovoltaic Systems (ICOMP, Provide standards for foundational metrics and processes, enable consistent delivery and operation of quality
photovoltaic systems over their useful life, define the integrated process for consistent system delivery throughout the lifecycle of reliable and effective PV systems.
IEC
Formation and operation of a new conformity assessment system under the management of the IEC Conformity Assessment Board (CAB). Agreement on priorities for new standard development.
High Performance PV
Develop highest level of PV Total “systems process” application and O&M training and experience, Raise the PV industry bar for Performance, Reliably and Optimization (PRO), begin and end with O&M
NREL
Deliver products related to PV system O&M that address the needs of securitization by the private financial market. These include OM Best Practice and market driven cost model.
SunSpec
Survey of best industry practices framework, investor care abouts, sample O&M contract terms, definition of key O&M terms, O&M cost survey and description of O&M cost elements in working model.
Sandia / EPRI
Improve PV system design, installation O&M Develop benchmark report on PVROM from active participants. fault and failure analysis, and preventative maintenance.
TUV
Detailed non-intrusive and intrusive evaluations of fielded PV systems for reliability, safety and durability; Identification of field failure modes and mechanisms; Accelerated testing for quality evaluations of fresh PV modules and materials
10 Investigating A PV “Systems” Cosmology Approach © 2014
Purpose?
Engage with Industry to: Explain existing efforts being targeted Ensure gaps are identified and guide working groups Recruit participants for working group efforts
Document Developed with Industry participation
Sandia Technical O&M Working Group O&M Working Group coordination meeting on March 24,
2014. ASTM, Calama Consulting, High Performance PV, IEC, Munich RE – HSB, NREL, PCG Solar, Sandia, SunSpec, TUV, Wells Fargo
~50 SolarPlaza O&M participants contributed to the gaps analysis on March 26
Gaps Analysis for O&M Activities
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A Universe i. What standards and best practices have an O&M component
ii. Isolating Standards – SNL working group reviews
iii. Working Group Coordination Meeting -
iii. Working Group Coordination Meeting – best practices and other standards identified
Gaps identified
(orange boxes)
v. Document this process: consolidate gaps, map efforts to
new standards efforts, synthesize results
iv. Broader industry
involvement to identify gaps at SolarPlaza O&M
Conference
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13 Investigating A PV “Systems” Cosmology Approach © 2014
Gaps Identified - examples
Design •Look to reliability standards of other more mature industries, such as fossil-fuel generators •Consider measurability in specification of equipment during design (built-in current transducers)
Risk Mitigation (Financing) •Specification Standard: feeds into design, provide all details for all environment •Reduce Complexity of O&M Programs
Construction •Protocol to test incoming equipment to a site •Wire management, conduit standards, conductor standards, layout standards
Commissioning •Need to bridge the gap between IEC standards regarding commissioning and the NEC. Inspecting for code compliance is an essential commissioning step and failure to comply with codes is often a source of reliability and safety issues
O&M •Need to Certification of O&M providers: O&M Curriculum, training, education, experience, and job description
Transaction Process •Need to Disclosure requirements – or “client’s bill of rights” that would require those responsible (EPC’s, O&M service providers, manufacturers) to disclose common failures and to disclose the cause and consequences of events
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The Next Era in PV: Collaborative O&M Standards Development
PV System Delivery Elements Positively impacted by effective standards
All PV System Delivery Elements Must Be Considered
Investigating A PV “Systems” Cosmology Approach © 2014
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The Next Era in PV: Collaborative O&M Standards Development
Will Effective Standards make a difference?
Investigating A PV “Systems” Cosmology Approach © 2014 16
O&M, as a metric! Where does the money go?
The Las Vegas Question!
A gap between the pro forma & the bottom line?
Documenting real costs & consequences
Begins to institutionalize consistency and accuracy
The Gap between Henry’s Law and Murphy’s Law
The Next Era in PV: Collaborative O&M Standards Development
What Value comes from PV ROM?
The Challenge:
Investigating A PV “Systems” Cosmology Approach © 2014 17
Everyone collects data, Yet there is no industry wide consistency!
Learn from a large database of System/Systemic Failures
then apply data to future projects
Define mitigating risks and assign real values
Provides a tool that allows use to use O&M as a functional network
Fills a gap in information that dramatically increases certainty over time
Provides a Keystone for other effective standards
The Next Era in PV: Collaborative O&M Standards Development
A Bankable Performance by Mitigating Risk With a PV System Delivery Process
Foundation To Capstone Are Based on Quality Assured Continual Integration & Continuity
Investigating A PV “Systems” Cosmology Approach © 2014 18
The Next Era in PV: Collaborative O&M Standards Development
O&M Standards Conclusions
Investigating A PV “Systems” Cosmology Approach© 2014 19
Expanding Perspective Drives Progress
Effective PV standards structure the path to industry maturity – Improved reliability, certainty & lower costs
Requires addressing and resolving issues from different perspectives
Addresses Plant Performance and Reliability relationship between O&M and performance, (cost and time)
Effective standards are the path to Bankability and the PV industry’s economic “Sweet spot”
Support Best Practices, Guidelines & Standards