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Smart Ci)es from Dumb Data
Dr. Jurij ParaszczakFormer Dis3nguished Service Professor Carnegie
Mellon UniversityEmeritus Director IBM Research Smarter Ci3es
1
1Wednesday, April 15, 15
First -‐ a Thank You !
• In March, over 60 of us worked on Smart Ci)es in Lviv. Thank you Lviv and Thank You Lviv Business School
2
2Wednesday, April 15, 15
A City• A large and “permanent” human SeIlement• Provides services in return for social interac3on that generates
many different results for its denizens• One of the most complex organisms I know of comprising living
forms and inanimate infrastructure that interact on a daily basis– Complexity at many layers of granularity -‐ from viruses to airports
• The “rules and models” of interac1on are varied and not well characterized– But are oQen manipulated
3
ÇatalhöyükVery large Neolithic and Chalcolithic proto-‐city seNlement in southern Anatolia, which existed from approximately 7500 BC to 5700 BC, and flourished around 7000BC
ShanghaiWorld’s largest city by metro popula)on. ~ 24M.
Kolkata is world’s densest populated city with ~4.5M inhabitants
3Wednesday, April 15, 15
Maslow’s Needs – for a city
Jobs, Economy, City water, energy,
buildings & transport etc.
QoLComfort Lifestyle
Safety and Security
Transportation, Water. Energy, Buildings,
Planning, Social and Physical Health.. etc
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4Wednesday, April 15, 15
Gather insights from citizens’ desires and drive their behavior through motivation & communication
COMMUNICATE. ANALYZE & RESPOND
Spa)o-‐temporal analysisof state, predicted behavior, and approach to repair replace, renew
infrastructure
Orderly management of work and resources
FIX REPAIR RENEW BUILD
An Analy3c View of a CityAvailability and cost of resources accurately mapped to predicted
demand
Optimization of supply across entire value chain
MATCH DEMAND & SUPPLYAsset Management
Buildings, Roads, Wires, Pipes etc,
Resource Optimization
Energy, Water, Traffic etc.
Citizen Mediated Interaction
Desire, motivation
System of Systems
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5Wednesday, April 15, 15
A Smart City• The city gathers data about its opera3ons, planning and spending and makes them available
• The processes that engage ci3zens are clear, transparent and convenient– E.g. online licenses, permits, passports
• Singapore 4 hrs for building permit, NYC up to 3 years
• The data from opera3ons is used to predict outcomes in planning and opera3ons– City can say “What If …” and know the answer
• In a smart city the quality of life is excellent
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7Wednesday, April 15, 15
The evolu3on to Smart City
8
Ci3es start with a plan.
The plan has many
disconnected aspects
Ci3es gather data and make it
transparent and available.
They improve their business processes -‐ permits, licenses,
payments
Ci3es integrate their business processes with
data that explains how services and infrastructure
work.They gather paIerns
Ci3es use the paIerns to
predict how all their systems interact. They now can ask
“What if “ and get an answer
Stage 1 Stage 2 Stage 3 Stage 4
8Wednesday, April 15, 15
ІТ та бізнес-‐послуги Stage 1І
Цільовий результат Прогрес Наступні кроки
1. Конференція Львів ІТ Арена(С. Веселовський)
• Розпочато підготовку до конференції• Стартувала промоція заходу, запущено
сайт• Розпочалася робота з залучення
партнерів, спонсорів та доповідачів
• Старт продажу квитків на конференцію
2. Проект “Житло для ІТ”(С. Веселовський)
• Зареєстровано ЖБК (житлово-‐будівельний кооператив)
• Підтримано Ухвалу про погодження місця розташування та надання дозволу на розробку проектної документації землеустрою
• Підготовка Ухвали про затвердження проекту землеустрою щодо відведення земельної ділянки
3. Промоційні проекти (С. Веселовський)
• Погоджено проект промоції ІТ-‐фаху в школах з ЛМР
• Домовлено зі школами проведення презентацій
• Провести презентації ІТ фаху на батьківських зборах
• Lviv IT Roadshow -‐ провести презентації в 2 містах Західної України
4. Львівський центр інновацій «Startup Depot»(М. Лисак)
• Проведення косметичного ремонту та обладнання приміщення бізнес-‐інкубатора
• Старт роботи бізнес-‐інкубатора• Проведено три зустрічі-‐майстер-‐класи
• Провести конкурс ІТ-‐проектів Lviv Deal Generator
• Проведення серії подій та майстер-‐класів для стартап-‐спільноти Львова
Статус реалізації ініціатив щодо питань ІТ та бізнес-‐послуг
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9Wednesday, April 15, 15
Бачення ІМ Stage 1.5
Об’єднання зусиль мешканців, влади та бізнесу Львова для вирішення ключових питань стратегічного розвитку міста.
ВІЗІЯ
МІСІЯ
Інститут міста – авторитетний
аналітичний центр.
1
2 3 4
5
Інститут міста – це координаційний центр вирішення ключових
питань міста.
Завдяки Інституту міста рівень стратегічного планування Львова -‐ найвищий в Україні.
Інститут міста – беззаперечний лідер по кількості успішно
реалізованих проектів.
В Інституті міста працює професійна команда
однодумців.
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10Wednesday, April 15, 15
Системи проекту :
1. Системи е-‐управління
2. Система електронного документообігу
3. Центр адміністративних послуг «Прозорий офіс»
4. Інформаційно-‐обчислювальний центр комунальних послуг
5. Офіційний сайт виконавчого органу влади
6. Диспетчерська служба «Цілодобова варта»
7. Геоінформаційна система міста (ГІС)
8. АСУП ЖКГ
9. Далі буде…
ПРОЕКТ «е-‐Місто» STAGE 2
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11Wednesday, April 15, 15
12
Some interesting videos related to IBM Research work in Smarter Cities - Stage 3
DC Water Authority - could anyone explain analytics better ?
The technology behind the anti-terrorism center in NY
City in Motion and Dubuque - engaging people
A comment on Smarter Cities
12Wednesday, April 15, 15
PALM -‐ Planning Analy)cs Lifecycle Management STAGE 3
Client City of Cambridge, Ontario, Canada
Challenge Maximizing the life of city assets (road, water, bike paths, ponds, sewers etc) across agencies for a fixed $ spend while reducing the backlog of work and keeping the average remaining age constant
Solu3on An innova3ve approach to cross agency planning bringing together the concept of total lifecycle management of city infrastructure using descrip3ve, predic3ve and prescrip3ve analy3cs. PALM leverages three pillars:» Asset Performance Analysis – Quan3ta3ve analysis of current condi3on &
performance scorecard» Strategic Needs Assessment -‐ Iden3fy short (1-‐5 years) and long (10 – 100
year) term needs planning» Investment Planning -‐ Perform comprehensive planning using opera3on
and capital management
Benefits End-‐to-‐end management of asset performance and investment planning
13
Work led by Arun Hampapur, IBM Research
13Wednesday, April 15, 15
Capital Planning Concepts
Other Systems
Road SystemDrainage SystemWater System
Sanitary System
Inventory of Assets
Current & Future Needs
Funding Requirements
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14Wednesday, April 15, 15
Capital Planning Concepts
Other Systems
Road SystemDrainage SystemWater System
Sanitary System
Inventory of Assets
Current & Future Needs
Funding Requirements
2016… Avail Funding2015 Avail Funding2014 Avail Funding2013 Avail Funding
Taxaton
WaterRates
SewerRates
DevelopmentCharges
Storm Utlity
Gas Tax
One-‐TimeGrants
OtherGrants & Loans
14
14Wednesday, April 15, 15
Capital Planning Concepts
Other Systems
Road SystemDrainage SystemWater System
Sanitary System
Inventory of Assets
Current & Future Needs
Funding Requirements
2016… Avail Funding2015 Avail Funding2014 Avail Funding2013 Avail Funding
Taxaton
WaterRates
SewerRates
DevelopmentCharges
Storm Utlity
Gas Tax
One-‐TimeGrants
OtherGrants & Loans
2018… Projects2017 Projects2016 Projects2015 Projects2014 Projects2013 Projects
Reconstruc3onRenewalUpgrades
14
14Wednesday, April 15, 15
Capital Planning Concepts
Other Systems
Road SystemDrainage SystemWater System
Sanitary System
Inventory of Assets
Current & Future Needs
Funding Requirements
2016… Avail Funding2015 Avail Funding2014 Avail Funding2013 Avail Funding
Taxaton
WaterRates
SewerRates
DevelopmentCharges
Storm Utlity
Gas Tax
One-‐TimeGrants
OtherGrants & Loans
2018… Projects2017 Projects2016 Projects2015 Projects2014 Projects2013 Projects
Reconstruc3onRenewalUpgrades
External Driven Needs Politcally Driven Needs Driven Need Legislatvely s 14
14Wednesday, April 15, 15
Integrated Capital Planning
Public Complaints
Condi)onAssessments
OMI Logs
Master Plans
Official PlanIncluding growth
Work led by Arun Hampapur, IBM Research
15
15Wednesday, April 15, 15
Integrated Capital Planning
OtherOpera)onal Needs
Road Needs
Sewer SystemNeeds
Water SystemNeeds
Drainage Needs
Public Complaints
Condi)onAssessments
OMI Logs
Master Plans
Official PlanIncluding growth
Work led by Arun Hampapur, IBM Research
15
15Wednesday, April 15, 15
Integrated Capital Planning
OtherOpera)onal Needs
Road Needs
Sewer SystemNeeds
Water SystemNeeds
Drainage Needs
Public Complaints
Condi)onAssessments
OMI Logs
Master Plans
Official PlanIncluding growth
RegionalCapital
Project Plans
U)lityCapitalPlans
Legisla)on DevelopmentNeedsWork led by Arun Hampapur, IBM
Research 15
15Wednesday, April 15, 15
Integrated Capital Planning
OtherOpera)onal Needs
Road Needs
Sewer SystemNeeds
Water SystemNeeds
Drainage Needs
Public Complaints
Condi)onAssessments
OMI Logs
Master Plans
Official PlanIncluding growth
Integrated NeedsAnalysis
RegionalCapital
Project Plans
U)lityCapitalPlans
Legisla)on DevelopmentNeedsWork led by Arun Hampapur, IBM
Research 15
15Wednesday, April 15, 15
Integrated Capital Planning
OtherOpera)onal Needs
Road Needs
Sewer SystemNeeds
Water SystemNeeds
Drainage Needs
Public Complaints
Condi)onAssessments
OMI Logs
Master Plans
Official PlanIncluding growth
Integrated NeedsAnalysis
RegionalCapital
Project Plans
U)lityCapitalPlans
Legisla)on DevelopmentNeeds
OtherFunding
Work led by Arun Hampapur, IBM Research
15
15Wednesday, April 15, 15
Integrated Capital Planning
OtherOpera)onal Needs
Road Needs
Sewer SystemNeeds
Water SystemNeeds
Drainage Needs
Public Complaints
Condi)onAssessments
OMI Logs
Master Plans
Official PlanIncluding growth
Integrated NeedsAnalysis
RegionalCapital
Project Plans
U)lityCapitalPlans
Legisla)on DevelopmentNeeds
OtherFunding
Op)malIntegrated Capital
Program
Work led by Arun Hampapur, IBM Research
15
15Wednesday, April 15, 15
Integrated Capital Planning
OtherOpera)onal Needs
Road Needs
Sewer SystemNeeds
Water SystemNeeds
Drainage Needs
Public Complaints
Condi)onAssessments
OMI Logs
Master Plans
Official PlanIncluding growth
Integrated NeedsAnalysis
RegionalCapital
Project Plans
U)lityCapitalPlans
Legisla)on DevelopmentNeeds
OtherFunding
Op)malIntegrated Capital
Program
Deferred or Unfunded Projects
Work led by Arun Hampapur, IBM Research
15
15Wednesday, April 15, 15
Integrated Capital Planning
OtherOpera)onal Needs
Road Needs
Sewer SystemNeeds
Water SystemNeeds
Drainage Needs
Public Complaints
Condi)onAssessments
OMI Logs
Master Plans
Official PlanIncluding growth
Integrated NeedsAnalysis
RegionalCapital
Project Plans
U)lityCapitalPlans
Legisla)on DevelopmentNeeds
OtherFunding
Sustainable Funding Needs vsCurrent Funding
Available
Op)malIntegrated Capital
Program
Deferred or Unfunded Projects
Work led by Arun Hampapur, IBM Research
15
15Wednesday, April 15, 15
What we learned
• The savings in )me, effort and results can be significant if the various groups involved in planning can find a way to share real data.
• This is one of the critcal issues in these urban systems which involve human comprehension and ac)on : There is rarely a single or clearly communicated vision and view of the problems that different par)es deal with.
• Providing tools which create a single view of the truth is vital to allow the various par)es engage in a clear and reasoned approach to dealing in city planning.– Today most of that planning for city infrastructure is rudimentary
• This and opera)ons are 2 areas which have much low-‐hanging fruit
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18Wednesday, April 15, 15
Deep Thunder
Client Mul3ple including U3li3es and Ci3es
Challenge The atmosphere by it very nature, causes unpredictable impacts on business directly as a result of not preparing for weather/atmospheric condi3ons.
Solu3on Provide high resoluton weather forecast data feeds into a weather-‐sensitve business system, like Flood Predicton and Emergency Response, enabling those systems to be more detailed, accurate, effectve, and efficient.
Benefits Deep thunder forecasts are providing solu3ons that enable businesses to pre-‐deploy assets into specific areas of concerntrated damage saving lives, property, and minimuming reven impacts due to extended outages.
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20Wednesday, April 15, 15
Match the Scale of the Weather Model with the Client’s Needs
• Capture the geographic characteristcs that affect weather (horizontally, vertcally, temporally)
2km
2km
Central Park
Weather Staton
Usual Resolu3on
IBM Resolu3on
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21Wednesday, April 15, 15
Match the Scale of the Weather Model with the Client’s Needs
• Capture the geographic characteristcs that affect weather (horizontally, vertcally, temporally)
2km
2km
Central Park
Weather Staton
Usual Resolu3on
IBM Resolu3on
21
21Wednesday, April 15, 15
22
Flood Prediction
ImpactEstimates
Refine Sensor Network and Model Calibration
ModelCalibration
Weather Prediction and/or Rainfall Measurements Analysis of Precipitation
Actual Flood Impacts
Approach to Urban Flood Forecasting
PrecipitationEstimates
22Wednesday, April 15, 15
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23Wednesday, April 15, 15
How to make a really Dumb City from
• Get all departments to work on data acquisi3on using different systems
• Make them compete for funds
• Measure their leaders based on separate metrics
• Make poli3cal announcements for plans with no idea of their cost, effect on ci3zens or measurement of their impact
• Make sure that the central government, the oblasts and ci3es all have different systems and unrelated measurements
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24Wednesday, April 15, 15
The Future City• Ci3es will be manage their planning and opera3ons with a
high predictability of outcomes– Providing unheard of transparency– Knowing exactly how an ini3a3ve will affect all city denizens– Saving from 20-‐50% of current expenses– Connec3ng all of their denizens
• A new profession-‐ “City Data Professional” will emerge that will integrate data with planning and opera3ons to drive outcomes
• New businesses that contribute and use data from ci3es will grow to enable new economic and life opportuni3es
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25Wednesday, April 15, 15