Soft drinks and its harmful effects

1 11/05/2014SOFT DRINKS & ITS HARMFUL EFFECTS

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INTRODUCTIONCLASS :

B.S-VIII CHEMISTRY

SUBJECT: ENVIRONMENTAL ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY

TOPIC:

SOFT DRINKS & ITS HARMFUL EFFECTS

SUBMITTED TO:

DR. SANA MUSTAFA

MADE BY:HAFIZ MANSOOR HUSSAIN

11/05/2014HAFIZ MANSOOR HUSSAIN

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WHAT ARE SOFT DRINKS ? ? ? ? ? ? ?Soft drink is also known as club soda,

soda water, sparkling water, carbonated

water & fizzy water.

It is water into which carbon di oxide gas

under pressure has been dissolve, a process

that cause the water to become effervescent.

and the process is called carbonation.

Soft drinks have become so much a part of

modern living, especially in major cities

around the world.

It particularly appeals to the younger

generation who drinks soft drinks in place

of water

11/05/2014SOFT DRINKS & ITS HARMFUL EFFECTS

SOFT DRINKS & ITS HARMFUL EFFECTS 4

Harmful Effects Of Soft Drinks

No Nutritional Benefits:

There are no nutritionally beneficial components in soft drinks.

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COMPONENTS OF SOFT DRINK:

Water

Sugar

Carbon dioxide

Acids

Artificial Sweetener

s

Artificial colors

Preservatives

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HARMFUL EFFECTS ARE AS FOLLOWS


OBESITY

KIDNEY FAILURE

MIGRAIN

MEMORY LOSS

BLADDER CANCER

BIRTH DEFECTS

EMOTIONAL DISORDERN

ES

DEHYDRATION

OSTEOPOROSIS

COMA

DENTAL EROSION

CELL DEMAGE

CARDIAC FAILURE

HIGH BLOOD PRESSURE

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HEART BURN & CELL DAMAGE:

Carbon dioxide can change the pH of water. According to the following reaction:

CO2 + H2O --> H2CO3

Carbonated drinks are made by injecting carbon dioxide into the water under pressure. The more carbon dioxide injected, the lower the pH, the more acidic it gets, the more fizzy it is.

Too much carbon dioxide kills healthy cells. Dead cells cause an acidic environment.

Soft drink consumption is a strong predictor of Heartburn/Acidity.


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EFFECT OF CAFFEINE Caffeine is an addictive drug that enhances the flavor of soft

drinks. It artificially stimulates the nervous system and increases the

heart rate. Excessive caffeine consumption is linked to cancers of the

bladder and stomach and raised blood pressure. It may even contribute to birth defects in babies. Excessive urination and other health problems.

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SOFT DRINKS & ITS HARMFUL EFFECTS

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CAFFEINE OVERDOSE:

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OBESITY: Drinking a single 330 ml can a day of sugary drinks translates to more than 453.592 gm of weight gain every month.The relationship between soft drink consumption and body weight is so strong that is each additional can of soft drink consumed, the risk of obesity increases 1.6 times.Sugar-sweetened beverages are linked to more than 180,000 obesity related deaths a year.


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ARTIFICIAL SWEETENERS


ASPARTAME• C 14 H 18 N 2 O 5

SACCHARIN• C7H5NO3S

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ASPARTAME A white, crystalline, odorless, slight

ly water soluble non-carbohydrate powder, C 14 H 18 N 2 O 5,synthesized from amino acids, that is 150-200 times as sweet as sugar.

It does enhance the taste of the drink but it also cause numerous adverse side-effects. Common complaints include migraine, memory loss, emotional disorders, blurred vision, ringing in the ears and shortness of breath.


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SACCHARIN (C7H5NO3S) Saccharin is an artificial sweetener

with effectively no food energy which is approximately 300 times as sweet as sucrose or table sugar.

It has been proven to cause bladder cancer.


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PRSERVATIVES

SODIUM BENZOATE

It is present in most soft drinks.

This chemical is known to cause asthma, rashes and hyperactivity.

SULPHUR DIOXIDE

It is also used in some soft drinks to preserve the color of say, carbonated lemon juice from turning brown.

This chemical is used for industrial bleaching.

It is so toxic that repeated exposures to it can cause fainting spells, skin eruptions, swelling, tightening of the chest, shock, coma and even death.


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TOOTH DECAY:The acidity can dissolve the mineral

content of the enamel, making the teeth weaker, more sensitive, and more susceptible to decay. Soda's acidity makes it even worse for teeth than the solid sugar found in candy.

Dental experts continue to urge that people drink less soda pop, especially between meals, to prevent tooth decay and dental erosion.


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ACIDS

Citric acid ( C6H8O7)

Phosphoric acid

(H3PO4)

Malic acid (C4H6O5 )

Tartaric acids

(C4H6O6)



Impaired Digestive System The digestive system, that starts

from the mouth and ends up at the anus only the stomach can resist an acidic environment up to pH 2.0.

But before the acidity of soft drink reaches the stomach it passes through all the other organs involved in the digestive system thus causing an abnormal acidic environment.

The phosphoric acid present in soft drink competes with the hydrochloric acid of the stomach and affects its functions. When the stomach becomes ineffective, food remains undigested causing indigestion, gastric issues or bloating (swelling of stomach).

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Dehydration Both caffeine and sugar cause

dehydration. Caffeine is a diuretic and causes

an increase in urine volume High concentration of sugar is

drawing off water because your kidneys try to expel the excess sugar out of the blood.

When you drink a caffeinated soft drink to quench your thirst, you will actually become thirstier


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KIDNEY FAILURE:Drinking large amounts of soft drinks containing phosphoric acid may be especially harmful.Having poor kidney function can lead to unusually high levels of phosphorous in your blood that lower calcium levels, increasing your risk of bone disease and brittle bones. That cola beverages can increase the risk of kidney problems, more so than non-cola sodas.Large quantities of cola result in enhanced kidney stone formation


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TEST FOR CARBON DIOXIDE


Take bottles of soft drinks. As soon as the bottles were opened,

one by one the sample was passed through lime water. The lime water turned milky.

Conclusion:All the soft drinks contain dissolved carbon dioxide in water. The carbon dioxide dissolves in water to form carbonic acid, which is responsible for its tangy taste.

CHEMICAL REACTION:Ca(OH) 2 + CO 2 ----- CaCO3 + H 2 O

Sr. No.

Name of the drink

Time taken (sec.)

Conclusion

1 Coca Cola 26.5 CO2 is

present

2 Sprite 21 CO2 is

present

3 Limca 35 CO2 is

present

4 Fanta 36 CO2 is

present

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TEST FOR PHOSPHATE


Small samples of each brand of cold drinks were taken in separate test tubes and Ammonium Molybdate followed by concentrated Nitric Acid was added to it. The solution was heated. Appearance of canary-yellow precipitate confirmed the presence of phosphate ions in cold drinks.

All the soft drinks samples gave positive test for phosphate ions. Hence all the cold drinks contain phosphate.

CHEMICAL REACTION:NaHPO4 + 12(NH4)2MoO4 + 21HNO3 + 3H+ → (NH4)3PO4.12MoO3+21HN4NO3 + 12H2O

Sr. No.

Name of the drink

Observation Conclusion

1 Coca Cola CANARY-YELLOW PRECIPITATE

Phosphate is

present

2 Sprite CANARY-YELLOW PRECIPITATE

Phosphate is

present

3 Limca CANARY-YELLOW PRECIPITATE

Phosphate is

present

4 Fanta CANARY-YELLOW PRECIPITATE

Phosphate is

present

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TEST FOR ALCOHOL

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Small samples of each brand of cold drinks were taken in separate test tubes, Iodine &Sodium Hydroxide(NaOH) solution was added to each test tube. Then the test tubes were heated in hot water bath for 30 minutes. Appearance of yellow colored precipitate confirmed the presence of alcohol in cold drinks.

All the cold drinks samples gave positive test for alcohol

CHEMICAL REACTION:

CH3CH2OH + 4I2 + 6NaOHCHI3 + HCOONa + 5NaI + 5H2O

Sr. No. Name of the

drinkOBSERVATION

Conclusion

1 Coca Cola Yellow ppt. Alcohol is

present2 Sprite Yellow ppt. Alcohol is

present

3 Limca Yellow ppt. Alcohol is

present

4 Fanta Yellow ppt. Alcohol is

present

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WHAT DO WE DO?????? Do yourself and me a huge favor–please cut down or

stop drinking any form of soft/carbonated/soda drinks.

Instead, turn to healthy fresh fruit and vegetable juices if you value your health. Start today, it is not too late.

You can still reverse the damages already done to your body, by taking the first step to learn what is beneficial for you. Choose to live healthy.


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ANY QUESTIONS????


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THANKS TO ALL

REGARDS:HAFIZ MANSOOR HUSSAIN


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Soft drinks and its harmful effects