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The Progressive Era
• Period in the early 20th Century that saw much Social & Political Reform in America
Reform – making changes for the better
The Progressives were Reformers• Reform is ongoing & still needed in our society
2 Examples of Recent Political Reform
Recent Political Reform in AmericaExamine how these are examples of Progressive
Reform in America Today
Lilly Ledbetter / Fair Pay Restoration Act – 2009
Jackson Coffman / The Affordable Care Act – 2010
Watch for this in the short videos
1. What is the issue at play in each story?
2. What happened which caused the need for reform?
3. Who are the reformers?
4. What is the reform(law passed)?
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=tMxsYqaFwA0
Is more reform still needed in our Society?
Ferguson, Missouri – August 9, 2014 Unarmed, (18)Michael Brown – shot & killed by Police
Why did this happen & can reform occur here?
Go online & investigate recent & potential reforms
Find / Explain Reason for Law / Controversy?
1. At least One - Recent Reform Law
2. At least One - Potential Reform Law
• Write in your notes, then compare with your desk partner(pick 1 of each to discuss)
• When done – you and desk partner Report findings back to the whole class
Reform in American – Early 20th Century -
• Many individuals tried to deal with the problems of our growing cities:
Industrialization & Urbanization
Population In U.S. 1870-1920
Population / RuralUrban
1870 33 million 25m 8m
1920 105 million 51m 54m
We will examine the new problems/challenges found in American cities because of an increase in urban populations
Growth of Cities • Immigrants – 1st from Western Europe • African Americans:
- move north looking for better jobs• Rural Workers:
2/3 of Homesteaders left & returned to the East
Pictures by Jacob Riis
America – Metropolis – 10min
• Jacob Riis / flash photography - 1890• Colonel George Wearing• Thomas Edison / light bulb – 1879 (1,093 Patents)
Triangle Shirtwaist Fire
Assignment:
The Progressive Era – City Populations (13.2)
The Breakdown of Class Structure in America – Early 20th Century
• The Wealthy (Rich)
- control life in U.S.• The Middle Class
- increasing power• The Poor (Working Class)
- living hard lives
The Wealthy (Rich) 12% of pop. Control 86% of the wealth
“Robber Barons”(Today – Wealthiest 400 families control 50%)
Several Examples:1) Andrew Carnegie2) John Rockefeller3) J.P. Morgan4) James J. Hill
The Middle Class• Growing # of people gaining wealth from
the Industrial Movement
- Managers
- Doctors
- Professors
- Clerks
- Lawyers
- Small Business Owners
** Progressive Movement Begins Here **
Early X-Ray Machine
The Poor - (Working Class)• Many were Immigrants
Between 1880-1920 : 25 million Arrived - Worked Long Hours, Low Wages,
Dangerous conditions & Poor Housing - Farmers - Factory Workers - Miners - Many Children - Women(1910 -56% still made less than $8 per
week)
By 1917 –Working Class Families still only spent 2.4% of their budget on leisure activities
Textile MillChildren were hurt 3x as often
Foreman -“We don’t have many accidents, once in a while a finger is mashed or a foot, it doesn’t amount to much”
1900 - 20% of kids worked
Child Minerskids were better: they could fit into smaller places
Average Lifespan in 1900 – 48 yrs old
Triangle Shirtwaist Co. fire146 female workers died
March 25, 1911 in NYC textbook p.526
Owners – Blank & Harris
“The Tragedy that Changed America”
Is it possible that the passage of any laws could have prevented this tragedy? List in your Notes
Workplace Safety
Passage of Laws Averts Disaster?Here’s a list of 7(Can you name any?)
• Scraps of cloth need to be disposed properly• Inspections – Make sure water hose worked
- Make sure Fire Escape is Safe• Doors can’t be locked from the inside• Exits must be safe / no single turnstile• Ladders on fire trucks must go higher than six
stories• Work Place Maximum Capacity• No Smoking in Textile Factory
Can Politics Fix Social Problems?
Industrialization changed Am. Society Progressives campaigned for both
Political & Social Reforms
In Unit 3 we will investigate:
1. The Social/Economic/Political Problems
2. The Progressive Reformers
3. The Reforms(Changes)
4. The Lasting Effects of those Reforms
Discuss – City Populations 13.2 George Washington Plunkitt/Tammany Hall
Good Guy or Bad Guy?
Cause & Effect
“I Seen My Opportunities and I Took ’Em.”
CANVAS 1) Sweatshops in Modern Times
Read one of the following articles:Sweatshops/ China Challenged to Improve Safety / Product Recalls from China
(I will pick your article to read) -- In America (Consumer Safety)
2) Pres. Obama’s 1st LawMany workplace issues were addressed during the progressive era & some issues are still debated today
Answer on the same sheet of paper & turn in (handwritten)
Unit 3 Quiz 1(Notes & Questions) - Tomorrow