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Wide Soybean Rows Return! Paul Hermans, DuPont Pioneer
Horst Bohner, OMAFRA
Average reported
yield (bu/acre)
Provincial average
farm yield (AFY)
(bu/acre) Corn 178 164 Soybeans 45 44
0102030405060
Row Width in Inches 7 10 14 20 30 40
Bu/Ac
57 56.3 55 53.5 50 42.2
Effect of Row Spacing on Soybean Yield (Ohio) Established Soybean Dogma
Ohio Data
0
20
40
60Bu/Ac
58 56 51
48 46 37 37 33
22
Row Spacing (in) 7 15 30 July1
June 1 May 1
Wide Rows Yield Very Poor When Planted Late (Ohio)
Can the Yield Gap be closed through management?
Bu/ac 1) 15” no-till 58.8 2) 30” no-till 52.6 3) 30” strip-till (st) 58.6 4) 30” st + P K (2X2) 62.7 5) 30” st + foliar fungicide 65.0 6) 30” all practices 68.4 7) 15” all practices 66.4 Elora 2015, P = 11 ppm, K = 82 ppm
Closing the Yield Gap
Yield 1) 30” Strip-till 56.7 2) 7.5” No-till 57.0
Elora 2015. 200 lbs/ac of 5-20-20 applied with strip tiller or broadcast in no-till
30” Rows (Strip-till) Vs 7.5” No-till
Bu/ac 1) 15” no-till 56.3 2) 30” no-till 48.1 3) 30” strip-till 50.4 4) 30” st + P K (2X2) 54.3 5) 30” st + fungicide 54.2 6) 30” all practices 54.0 7) 15” all practices 60.8 Bornholm 2015, P = 15 ppm, K = 119 ppm
Closing the Yield Gap
Bu/ac 1) 15” no-till (Variety A) 56.3 2) 30” strip-till (A) 50.4 3) 30” all practices (A) 54.0 4) 15” no-till Variety (B) 65.3 5) 30” strip-till (B) 54.8 6) 30” all practices (B) 59.1 7) 15” no-till Variety (C) 69.2 8) 30” strip-till (C) 61.4 9) 30” all practices (C) 62.5
Variety Choice is Important
2015 Soybean Agronomic Study
Paul Hermans-CCA-ONT DuPont Pioneer Area Agronomist
@phhermans
Bean Bragging Rights Horst!
Questions I Always Get Asked
• Differences in yield between 30- and 15-inch soybeans?
• Does lower populations affect yield”
• Do fungicides pay?
• Should I plant soybeans early or late?
Throw This Into The Pot!
• We have had serious white mould issues for the last three growing seasons
Trial Layout Design – 15” vs 30” rows • Pioneer® brand 91Y01 – Two planting rates of 170K & 120K
seeds/acre • Two planting dates – Before May 7-10 & May 20-24 • Spray back half with DuPont™ Acapela® fungicide • Harvest with yield monitor • Replicated two times
Equipment
Trial Locations
• All trials in Eastern Ontario
• Tight window for planting
Site History Grower Previous Crop Tillage Soil Type
Russell Soy/WW (winterkill) Conventional Loam/Sand
BTLF Corn Lemkin/CulitvatorSpring Clay/Loam
Munroe Beans Conventional Clay/Loam
Parks Rob Corn Minimum Clay Loam
Crawford Beans Conventional Fall Clay Loam
Hill-Spencer Bruce
Corn Conventional spring Clay Loam
Parks Jim Corn Minimum Clay Loam
Nixon Corn Turbo Till Spring Loam
Daly Corn No-Till Sandy Loam-Loam
Millard Corn No Till Muck-Loam
Hill-Harvey Bruce
Corn Spring Tillage Clay Loam
Row Width
82% Wins for 30” rows
15” row 120 s/a Planted May 3
30” row 120 s/a Planted May 3
Photos taken June 24
Row Width By Planting Date
• 30” rows demonstrated 1.9 bu/ac advantage • Early planting also showed yield adv.
Yield By Population and Row Width
• Both 30” rows and 120 s/a population demonstrated a yield advantage
Population
Planting Date • Early planting demonstrated a 1.9 bu/ac yield advantage • Similar results to other Pioneer agronomic trials
Planting Date By Population
• 120K s/a demonstrated a yield advantage • Yield advantage increased with early planting
Always Keep Learning!
Fungicides • Application of
DuPont™ Acapela™ provided a 4.5 bu/ac yield advantage
• High white mould pressure in 2015
Planting Date By Fungicide • Application of DuPont™ Acapela™ ~4.5 bu/ac yield advantage • Similar results with both early and late plantings
Soybean Variety by Fungicide Trial • #1 (LHS) – two passes of Acapela • #2 (RHS) – Two passes of fungicide – 1st Priaxor, 2nd Acapela • Center strip – Untreated Check • Fungicide passes applied July 16 & July 28
Photo taken Sept. 17, 2015 Courtesy of P.T. Sullivan Agro Inc.
Fungicide By Row Width
• Application of fungicide with similar yield benefit in both 15” and 30” rows
Fungicides By Population • Yield benefit for both 120K and 170K s/ac • Larger advantage with 120K s/a
Fungicide By Soil Type
Site # 2
Things That Make You Think
50.0
52.0
54.0
56.0
58.0
60.0
62.0
64.0
66.0
Check Fertilizer Fert Plus Priaxor Fung Only
Yield
Two varieties replicated three times Different application equipment
Take Homes
• Fungicides work when diseases present • 30-inch rows seem viable option • Plant early to get biggest bang
• Lower populations - depends • Fungicide equipment – wondering • Soil Type Maps- Future Use
Special thanks! Grower Location
Ray Russell Pakenham
Bruce/Harvey Hill Kinburn
Gord/Andrew Ross Carp
Steve Munro Carp
Rob Parks Kanata
John Crawford Richmond
Bruce/Spencer Hill Ottawa
Jim Parks North Gower
Jeremy Nixon North Gower
Jon Daly Kars
Greg Millard Vernon
REIS Equipment- CASE IH Dealers Carp/Winchester!
Info Available
Questions
Paul Hermans-CCA-ONT DuPont Pioneer Area Agronomist
@phhermans
The size of the yield gap is highly dependent on the location, variety, weather, and soil type. The yield gap can be closed through management and inputs in many cases.
Summary
Questions
Paul Hermans-CCA-ONT DuPont Pioneer Area Agronomist
@phhermans
