View
249
Download
5
Embed Size (px)
DESCRIPTION
UV Fluorescence - Effluent Monitoring from sea to source for Bathing Water, Water Framework and Shellfish Directives Presentation given by CTG's Justin Dunning at WWEM 2014 Conference
Citation preview
UV Fluorescence - Effluent Monitoring from sea to source for Bathing Water,
Water Framework and Shellfish Directives
Justin DunningSales Manager
Chelsea Technologies Group
WWEM 2014
Chelsea Technologies Group
Application of sensor technology
Process control & monitoring
Medical diagnostics
Algal biofuel production
Fresh water & coastal monitoring
Offshore pipeline leak detection
Hydrocarbon pollution monitoring
NAD
Tactical Oceanography
Acoustic Target Simulation
Oceanographic research
Sensors & systems
Acoustic transducers
Fisheries
Exhaust gas monitoring
Ballast water monitoring
FerryBox
Security
Water Quality/Treatment
Bio/chem Security
Storage Tank Security
Environmental
Fluorometers
• Visible- Algae- Dye tracing
• UV- Tryptophan- CDOM- Polycyclic Aromatic
Hydrocarbons- Optical Brighteners
• Active- Photosynthesis analysis
UviLux
UV fluorimetry
• UV AQUAtracka - established reputation for highly
sensitive in situ UV fluorometry
• Robust design- Titanium housing- Full ocean depth capability
UV fluorescence
Ex
cit
ati
on
Wa
vele
ng
th (
nm
)
Emission Wavelength (nm)
CDOM
PAH
CDOM
T1
OpticalBrighteners
UviLux
• New range of highly sensitive in situ UV fluorometers- LED source
- PMT detection
• Similar performance to UV AquaTracka- Lower cost – new applications
- Smaller
• 4 configurations- Hydrocarbon (PAH)
- Tryptophan/BOD
- CDOM
- Optical Brighteners
UviLux construction
detectoremission filter
light sourceexcitation filter
UviLux – specifications
PAH CDOM Tryptophan Optical Brighteners
Excitation 255nm 255nm 280nm 350nm
Emission 360nm 450nm 360nm 450nm
Sensitivity 0.005 µg/L5ppt
(Carbazole)
0.002 µg/L2ppt
(Perylene)
0.02 µg/L20ppt
(Tryptophan)
0.01mg/l10ppt(PTSA)
(1:20,000 dilution of typical load)
Range 0.005 – 200 µg/l 0.002 – 15 µg/l 0.02 – 800 µg/l 0.01 - 300 µg/l
Depth Rating 600m
Interfaces Standard:Options:
RS232RS422
0-5V analogueSDI-12 4 - 20mA
Input Voltage 9 - 36 Vdc
Size Ø70 x 149 mm
Weight 0.8 kg
Digital modes Fixed Gain Auto Gain
Analogue modes Linear Logarithmic
Tryptophan-like fluorescence
Ex
cit
ati
on
Wa
vele
ng
th (
nm
)
Emission Wavelength (nm)
T1
What is Tryptophan?
• An essential amino acid in human diet
• Main component of protein fluorescence
• Associated with microbial activity- Sewage & faecal contamination of waste
waters, e.g. agricultural runoff
• Fluorescence correlates with BOD5 measurements
Just some of the publications….
• Fluorescence as a potential monitoring tool for recycled water systems: a review - R.K. Henderson et al, Water Research, 43, 863-881, 2009
• Can fluorescence spectroscopy be used as a surrogate for the Biochemical Oxygen Demand (BOD) test in water quality assessment? An example from South West England
- N. Hudson et al, Science of the Total Environment, 391, 149-158, 2008
• Use of synchronous fluorescence spectra to estimate biochemical oxygen demand (BOD) of urban rivers affected by sewage treatment
- J Hur & D.S. Kong, Environmental Technology, 29(4), 435-444, 2008
• Fluorescence analysis of dissolved organic matter in natural, waste and polluted waters – a review
- N Hudson et al, River Research and Applications, 23, 631-649, 2007
• Rapid and direct determination of tryptophan in water using synchronous fluorescence spectroscopy
- D.M. Reynolds, Water Research, 37, 3055-3060, 2003
• The differentiation of biodegradable and non-biodegradable dissolved organic matter in wastewaters using fluorescence spectroscopy
- D.M. Reynolds, J Chem Technol Biotechnol 77, 965-972, 2002
Fluorescence correlation to BOD
• Strong relationship between fluorescence and BOD5 demonstrated
• Applications: - Surrogate for Biological Oxygen Demand (BOD) measurement- Effluent contamination monitoring- Combined Sewage Overflow (CSO) and Fish Kill investigations- General pollution event investigations- Foul & surface sewer misconnection detection- Water catchment surveys
‘Should consider fluorescence spectroscopy as a more accurate, independent and flexible indicator of bioavailability than BOD5’
Science of the Total Environment 391 (2008) 149 – 158
Field testing
Gower, South WalesApril 2012
Water catchment survey
34.8
35.3
35.6
35.836.3
34.433.933.6
33.3
32.3
27.9
WWTW outflow
35
34 34
85
11393
324
45
Effluent monitoring – shellfish beds
Bathing waters directive
CSO event monitoring
28.332.6
36.8
37.4
12.0
10.0
7.9
7.5
6.0
7.4
22.5 39.3
Tryptophan at Porthluney
BOD/CDOM ratio smoothes out daily variation making Tryptophan peaks clearer
PORTHLUNEY
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
26/01/14 02/02/14 09/02/14 16/02/14 23/02/14
DATE
TR
YP
TO
PH
AN
(ug
/l)
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
RA
INF
AL
L
Tryptophan peaking post rain events
WWTW event detection
BOD/CDOM ratio smoothes out daily variation making Tryptophan peaks clearer
0
50
100
150
200
250
300
13/10 15/10 17/10 19/10 21/10 23/10 25/10 27/10 29/10 31/10 02/11 04/11 06/11 08/11 10/11
DATE
[TR
YP
TO
PH
AN
] (u
g/l
)
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
UV
ILU
X C
DO
M (
ug
/l)
Tryptophan/CDOM diurnal correlation
Tryptophan anomalies
PEN-Y-BONT WATER TREATMENT WORKSOvernight 6-7/11/2013
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
06/1106:00
06/1109:00
06/1112:00
06/1115:00
06/1118:00
06/1121:00
07/1100:00
07/1103:00
07/1106:00
07/1109:00
07/1112:00
07/1115:00
07/1118:00
DATE
UV
ILU
X B
OD
/ U
VIL
UX
CD
OM
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
LA
B B
OD
5 (m
g/l
)
UviLux BOD
UviLux CDOM
Lab BOD
WWTW event detection
Similar rise in both sensor and lab results
CDOM signal attenuated by Tryptophan absorbance
Tryptophan peak correlating with BOD5 & bacterial counts
E.Coli: 74,000 cfu/100mlEnterococci: 22,000 cfu/100ml
Tryptophan/CDOM ratio
BOD/CDOM ratio smoothes out daily variation making Tryptophan peaks clearer
0
50
100
150
200
250
300
13/10 15/10 17/10 19/10 21/10 23/10 25/10 27/10 29/10 31/10 02/11 04/11 06/11 08/11 10/11
DATE
[TR
YP
TO
PH
AN
] (u
g/l
)
0
50
100
150
200
250
300
TR
YP
TO
PH
AN
/ C
DO
M
Ratio smoothes diurnal variation, but anomalies are still clear
Wader Pro
• Dual UviLux system- Tryptophan & CDOM sensors
- Background compensation
Hawk
• Handheld data display unit- Touch screen display
- RAG thresholds
- Portable and rugged
- Data logging
- Location and time stamp
Watchkeeper
• Wall mounted data display unit - Data logging- Touchscreen display- RAG thresholds- Alarm relays- 4-20mA outputs
CTG New Systems
• New Systems include- BACTI-Wader and BACTI-Wader Pro- BOD-Wader and BOD-Wader Pro- BACTI-Station and BACTI-Station Pro- BOD-Station and BOD-Station Pro
Thank You
www.chelsea.co.uk