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TOWARDS FASTER LONG-TERM RECOVERY
AFTER FLOODS:
EXAMPLE: 2008 MIDWEST USA AND
MISSISSIPPI RIVER FLOODS
2015: FLOODS ARE A GLOBAL
NATURAL HAZARD
• FLOODS
• SEVERE
WINDSTORMS
• EARTHQUAKES
• DROUGHTS
• VOLCANIC
ERUPTIONS
• ETC.
WITH 2015’S SPRING FLOODS
ONLY WEEKS AWAY, ITS
PAST TIME TO SPEED UP THE
LONG-TERM RECOVERY
PROCESS FOR FLOODS
FLOODS
• Floods occur somewhere in the
world 10,000 times or more
each year.
FLOOD-INDUCED LANDSLIDES
• Many of the global flood
occurrences also trigger
landslides, mudslides,
mudflows, and rock falls.
FLOODS
• Floods, which can be either
slow onset or rapid onset
events (i.e., flash floods), occur
when a locale can not process
the amount of water that it is
receiving in a normal manner.
FLOODS occur when water accumulates
too rapidly to be processed in
the locale from: a) natural
events such as rainfall and
snow melt, b) storm surge and
heavy rain from hurricanes and
typhoons, and c) tsunami waves
LOSS OF FUNCTION OF
STRUCTURES IN FLOODPLAIN
FLOODS
INUNDATION
INTERACTION WITH
HAZARDOUS MATERIALS
STRUCTURAL/CONTENTS
DAMAGE FROM WATER
WATER BORNE DISEASES
(HEALTH PROBLEMS)
EROSION AND MUDFLOWS
CONTAMINATION OF GROUND
WATER
CAUSES
OF RISK
CASE HISTORIES
NOTE: INUNDATION BECOMES
A POTENTIAL DISASTER AGENT
WHEN IT a) TRIGGERS LANDSLIDES,
b) INTERACTS WITH A COMMUNITY’S
BUILDINGS, CRITICAL
INFRASTRUCTURE, CROPS, AND c)
CREATES A FAVORABLE
ENVIRONMENT FOR INFECTIOUS
DISEASES
THE GREAT FLOODS OF 2008:
MIDWESTERN USA and ALONG
THE MISSISSIPPI RIVER
JUNE-JULY 2008
MIDWEST AND MISSISSIPPI RIVER
FLOODS
THE GREAT FLOODS OF 2008: CEDAR
RAPIDS, IOWA; JUNE 12
THE GREAT FLOODS OF 2008:
CEDAR RAPIDS, IOWA; JUNE 13
MIDWEST FLOODS: CEDAR
RAPIDS, IOWA, JUNE 17TH
THE GREAT FLOODS OF 2008: IOWA
CORNFIELDS; JUNE 19
THE GREAT FLOODS OF 2008:
FOLEY, MO; JUNE 19
MIDWEST FLOODS RECEDE AND
MISSISSIPPI RIVER FLOODS BEGIN: JUNE 18TH
MISSISSIPPI RIVER FLOODS:
QUINCY, ILLINOIS; JUNE 18
MISSISSIPPI RIVER FLOODS:
JUNE 19
THE GREAT FLOODS OF 2008:
ST LOUIS, MO; JUNE 20TH
.
THE GREAT FLOODS OF 2008:
WINFIELD, MO; JUNE 29
• After weeks of flooding through Iowa, Illinois, Missouri, Indiana and Wisconsin, the region faced billions of dollars in losses, threats of disease, and a long cleanup
• The total direct and indirect losses may never be known
THE GREAT FLOOD OF 2008
• 1) dozens of flooded towns and cities,
• 2) inundated homes and businesses,
• 3) lost crops and productivity of farm
land,
• 4) loss of function of roads.
THE NATURE AND EXTENT OF
THE LOSSES
•
• 5) loss of function of bridges,
• 6) overwhelmed utilities,
• 7) thirty-eight thousand evacuees,
• 8) regional business interruption,
• 9) loss of tourism,
THE NATURE AND EXTENT OF
THE LOSSES
• 10) long-term clean-up (removal of
debris, sewage, garbage, 10-million
sandbags)
•11) drying out of houses and
businesses and their contents,
•12) rebuilding of houses and levees.
THE NATURE AND EXTENT OF
THE LOSSES
• 13) disposal of damaged home
systems (e.g., refrigerators),
• 14) restoration of water quality in
wells and municipal water systems
•15) restoration of schools and
universities.
THE NATURE AND EXTENT OF
THE LOSSES
• 16) restoration of millions of
acres of prime farm land.
• 17) rebuilding of cities such as
Cedar Rapids, Iowa (estimates
reach at least $1 billion).
THE NATURE AND EXTENT OF
THE LOSSES
SECONDARY DISASTERS RESULTING
FROM THE 2008 FLOODS IN THE
MIDWEST AND ALONG THE
MISSISSIPPI
• WATER-BORNE DISEASES
• POLLUTION
• DEAD ZONES (bodies of water
starved for oxygen that are no longer
capable of supporting aquatic life.
SHORTAGE OF POTABLE WATER
•The flood waters seeped into
countless wells, affecting drinking
water for thousands of homes and
businesses across the region.
• Hazardous materials were also
released into the flood waters.
MOULD: THE HAZARD AT HOME
AFTER WATERS RECEDE
Mold, which begins growing
within 24 hours, was a threat
for causing severe allergic
reactions and potentially fatal
respiratory seizures.
THREAT OF POLLUTION
• Flood waters loaded with of tons
of fertilizer and farm debris runoff
were headed down the Miss-
issippi River.
•This deluge could dramatically
increase soil and water pollution
along the entire Mississippi.
THREAT OF A WIDER DEAD ZONE
•A dead zone, which already
exists in the Gulf of Mexico, is
starved for oxygen and can not
support aquatic life.
ENLARGED DEAD ZONE
IN GULF OF MEXICO
THE GREAT MIDWEST FLOODS OF
2008 REJUVENATED THE BUYOUT
STRATEGY IN FIVE STATES
A FLOODPLAIN BUYOUT IS A RISK
REDUCTION STRATEGY THAT
BREAKS THE LONG-TERM FLOOD
DISASTER CYCLE
1993 BUYOUTS AFTER THE
GREAT MIDWEST FLOOD
In 1993, 12,000 properties in
the floodplain were bought
and another 500 structures
were either relocated out of
the floodplain, or elevated.
BUYOUTS OFFERED
IN FIVE STATES
Buyouts were offered in September 2008 to those in the floodplains of five mid-western states: Iowa, Wisconsin, Missouri Indiana, and Illinois that experienced flooding.
