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Stock and Flow System Models
in Sustainability ScienceToni Menninger - http://de.slideshare.net/amenning/presentations
• The Global Food System: Sustainability and Food Security• The Global Carbon Cycle and CO2 Buildup in the Atmosphere• The Climate System and Global Warming
For an introduction to stock and flow diagrams, see the book Thinking in Systems by Donella Meadows, or https://www.systemdynamics.org/DL-IntroSysDyn/stock.htm.
The Global Food System: Sustainability and Food Security
• Which variables are related to the sustainability of the food system?
• The model is far from complete. Can you identify additional variables?
• Where would you intervene to increase food security?
The Global Carbon Cycle and CO2 Buildup in the Atmosphere
• How do humans modify the carbon cycle?
• How can we reduce the CO2 buildup in the atmosphere?
The Climate System and Global Warming
Exercise: What are the drivers of the climate system? • Identify positive (reinforcing) and negative (balancing) feedback loops. • Can you identify leverage points?
The Climate System and Global WarmingExercise: What are the drivers of the climate system?
In the table, identify the following variables and mark them in columns A to E:
A) Variables that are drivers of the climate system (directly influence surface heat/temperature)B) Variables directly influenced by human agencyC) Variables indirectly influenced by human agencyD) An increase in the variable causes an increase in global temperatureE) An increase in the variable causes a decrease in global temperature
Variable name A B C D E
Solar Output
Distance from Sun
Albedo
Green house gas (GHG) concentration in the atmosphere
Extent of ice cover
Ocean acidity
Sea Level
Fossil fuel combustion
Deforestation
Emissions from Agriculture
Global Mean Temperature
The Climate System and Global Warming
Exercise: What are the drivers of the climate system? • Identify positive (reinforcing) and negative (balancing) feedback loops. • Can you identify leverage points?
The Climate System and Global WarmingExercise: What are the drivers of the climate system?
In the table, identify the following variables and mark them in columns A to E:
A) Variables that are drivers of the climate system (directly influence surface heat/temperature)B) Variables directly influenced by human agencyC) Variables indirectly influenced by human agencyD) An increase in the variable causes an increase in global temperatureE) An increase in the variable causes a decrease in global temperature
Variable name A B C D ESolar Output X X
Distance from Sun X X
Albedo X ? X X
Green house gas (GHG) concentration in the atmosphere
X X X
Extent of ice cover X X
Ocean acidity X
Sea Level X
Fossil fuel combustion X X
Deforestation X X
Emissions from Agriculture X X
Global Mean Temperature X
Stock and Flow System Modelsin Sustainability Science
© by Toni Menninger MSc. Use of the present materials for educational purposes permitted. Questions or comments please email [email protected]
Related lectures and problem sets available at http://www.slideshare.net/amenning/presentations/:
• The Human Population Challenge • Energy Sustainability • World Hunger and Food Security • Economics and Ecology • Exponential Growth, Doubling Time, and the Rule of 70 • Case Studies and Practice Problems for Sustainability Education:
• Agricultural Productivity, Food Security, and Biofuels • Growth and Sustainability