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Toni Menninger - http://de.slideshare.net/amenning/presentations
Stock and Flow System Models in Sustainability Science Toni Menninger - http://de.slideshare.net/amenning/presentations
For an introduction to stock and flow diagrams, see the book Thinking in Systems by
Donella Meadows, or https://www.systemdynamics.org/DL-IntroSysDyn/stock.htm.
The Global Food System: Sustainability and Food Security
Which variables are related to the sustainability of the food system?
The model is far from complete. Can you identify additional variables?
Where would you intervene to increase food security?
Toni Menninger - http://de.slideshare.net/amenning/presentations
The Global Carbon Cycle and CO2 Buildup in the Atmosphere
How do humans modify the carbon cycle?
How can we reduce the CO2 buildup in the atmosphere?
Toni Menninger - http://de.slideshare.net/amenning/presentations
The Climate System and Global Warming
Exercise: What are the drivers of the climate system?
Identify positive (reinforcing) and negative (balancing) feedback loops. Can you identify leverage points?
In the table below, identify the following variables and mark them in columns A to E:
A) Variables that are drivers of the climate system (directly influence surface heat/temperature)
B) Variables directly influenced by human agency
C) Variables indirectly influenced by human agency
D) An increase in the variable causes an increase in global temperature
E) An increase in the variable causes a decrease in global temperature
Variable name A B C D E
Solar Output
Distance from Sun
Albedo
Green house gas (GHG) concentration in the atmosphere
Extent of ice cover
Ocean acidity
Sea Level
Fossil fuel combustion
Deforestation
Emissions from Agriculture
Global Mean Temperature
Toni Menninger - http://de.slideshare.net/amenning/presentations
© by Toni Menninger MSc.
Use of the present materials for educational purposes permitted.
Questions or comments please email [email protected].
Related lectures and problem sets available at
http://www.slideshare.net/amenning/presentations/:
• The Human Population Challenge
• Energy Sustainability
• World Hunger and Food Security
• Economics and Ecology
• Exponential Growth, Doubling Time, and the Rule of 70
• Case Studies and Practice Problems for Sustainability Education:
• Agricultural Productivity, Food Security, and Biofuels • Growth and Sustainability
Answers to exercise:
Variable name A B C D E
Solar Output X X
Distance from Sun X X
Albedo X X? X X
GHG (green house gas) concentration in the atmosphere X X X
Extent of ice cover X X
Ocean acidity X
Sea Level X
Fossil fuel combustion X X
Deforestation X X
Emissions from Agriculture X X
Global Mean Temperature X