16
BIODIVERSITY STUDY OF DIATOMS FROM GANGA RIVER WATER AND RESIDENTIAL POND WATER Presented by: Camellia Roy 3rd year B.Sc Biotechnology (H) Gurunanak Institute of Pharmaceutical Science & Technology

Study of diatoms

Embed Size (px)

Citation preview

Page 1: Study of diatoms

BIODIVERSITY STUDY OF DIATOMS FROM GANGA RIVER WATER AND

RESIDENTIAL POND WATER

Presented by: Camellia Roy 3rd year B.Sc Biotechnology (H) Gurunanak Institute of

Pharmaceutical Science & Technology

Page 2: Study of diatoms

Overview :Introduction

Morphology

Classification

Collection and cleaning of diatoms

Results and discussions

Importance

Applications

Conclusion

References

Page 3: Study of diatoms

INTRODUCTION:Diatoms are unicellular phototrophs that evolved

some 180 million years ago and may consist of more than 100,000 species (Drum and Gordon 2003; Kroth 2007)

Figure 1: Various shapes of Diatoms

Page 4: Study of diatoms

Eukaryotic algae

Oxygen synthesizers on earth and as one of the most important sources of biomass in oceans.

Found in freshwater and marine environments

Diatom cells are contained within a unique silica cell wall called frustules, comprising two separate shells

Forms diatomaceous earth

Reproduction: Diatoms like all of protists are able to undergo sexual and asexual reproduction

Page 5: Study of diatoms

MORPHOLOGY

Figure 2 : Descriptive morphology of the diatoms

Page 6: Study of diatoms

CLASSIFICATION

Domain: Eukaryota

Kingdom: Chromalveolata

Phylum: Heterokontophyta

Class: Bacillariophyceae

Orders :Centrales Figure 3 Pennales

Round & Crawford (1990) and Hoek et al. (1995) provided more comprehensive coverage of diatom taxonomy.

Page 7: Study of diatoms

COLLECTION OF DIATOMS

Figure 4: Diatoms collected from: (a) Ganga river water (b) residential pond

water

Page 8: Study of diatoms

Continue.CLEANING OF DIATOMS

Figure 5: Cleaning of diatoms by: I) sodium hypochlorite solution and II) by

centrifugation

I) II)

Page 9: Study of diatoms

Observations

Figure 6: Ganga river water

Page 10: Study of diatoms

Figure 7 : View of residential pond water

Continue

Page 11: Study of diatoms

IMPORTANCES OF DIATOMS

Responsible for 20%-25%of all carbon fixation (CO2 + H2O = sugars)

Contribute to atmospheric oxygen

Major component of plankton (source of food for many organisms

Age dating (many have short time ranges)

Dynamite, abrasive, filter, etc.

Grass of the Sea

Page 12: Study of diatoms

APPLICATIONS OF DIATOMS Nutritional applications• Unsaturated fatty acids like eicosapentaenoic acid, omega-3 fatty acids

Industrial applications• Carbohydrates for ethanol production via fermentation• Proteins for methane production via anaerobic gasification• Natural oils for biodiesel production

Page 13: Study of diatoms

Conti…. Nanotechnology • Drug delivery

Phytoremediation of heavy metals contamination

Page 14: Study of diatoms

CONCLUSION :

Future optimization of resource production via genetic manipulation is the method of choice for making diatom biotechnology not just viable but lucrative.Collection and studying of diatoms were performed successfully. The diatom-based indexes are widely used and have proved to work in many areas of the world. They are mainly used to detect organic pollution and eutrophy. The sampling procedures to ensure a good treatment and analysis of the samples are normalized.

Page 15: Study of diatoms

REFERENCEKarthik B, Jonathan Charles Taylor,Mahesh M K and Ramachandran T V, 2010. “Protocols for collection, preservation and enumeration of Diatoms from Aquatic habitat for Water Quality in India, IUP Journal of Soil and Water Sciences, Vol III, No.1, 2010.2009_Bozarth et al Diatoms in biotechnology, modern tools and applicationsE. Virginia Armbrust. The life of diatoms in the world’s oceans. Nature, 459:185–192, 2009. Rebecca J. Bixby and Erik C. Zeek. A simple method for calculating valve curvature, journal = Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Science of Philadelphia, volume = 160, number = 1, page=73, year = 2010.Tom Britton, Cajsa Lisa Anderson, David Jacquet, Samuel Lundqvist, and K˚are Bremer. Estimating divergence times in large phylogenetic trees. Systematic Biology, 56:741–752, 2007.C. Bowler et al. The phaeodactylum reveals the evolutionary history of diatom genomes. Nature, 456:239–244, 2008.Andrews, G. W. 1981. Revision of the diatom genus Delphineis and morphology of Delphineis surirella a new marine diatom. In Proceedings of the Sixth Symposium on Recent and Fossil Diatoms, ed. R. Ross, 81–92. Koenigstein: Otto Koeltz Science Publishers.

Page 16: Study of diatoms

THANK YOU