Psp damascus experement

Damascus Governorate Experience In Private Sector Participation in solid

waste management

Eng. Amir AlBoukhari Damascus 7 – 9/2/2005

METAP Regional Solid waste management project

For East and West Countries

The Method that followed in this research is

answer for two important questions

1- Why local governorate and societies to communicate

with private sector to offer this important services to citizens

nevertheless that cities and municipalities offered this

services for long time and that was single way for collect

solid waste and getting rid of ?

2- Why local governorate obey to private sector

communication ? And what reason that pay local

governorate choose this important and conclusive decision?

Introduction: - Old human wasn’t care of get rid of waste because he

was ferequetive movement .

- In the past they got rid of waste in many ways

*Wood substance and burning ability ones, used as

fuel for warmer and bathrooms.

* Output ash that named (kasermal), used as building

item.

* Old cloth collected then made from them rugs and

bag for perfumers other old cloth used for filling shoes

and we called worker (Kharqi)

* What worker collected from streets and courts

moved by livestock the sell to farmer after that workers

soured them and used as dressing (The name of worker

in this job is Sowadia)

Why Participate Private Sector?

Cities and municipalities give a huge attention for

general cleaning and getting rid of waste ,but they

suffered from:

1- money armory poverty to give every one in city services

(reduction cost)

2- worker productivity was small for many reasons , such

as : concrete case, bad outlook and less in health

equipment.

3- un expedience vehicle and bad for jobs and failure

possibility in maintenance .

4- In general less and armory cooperation from inhabitants

and they don’t pay clean task and decrease their waste.

5- un study expansion for cities (random habitation)

In front this problems and difficulties

that face governments was necessary

to search in possible ways to manage

what can to management to

insurance best services and many

choices face this government this

choices:

First Choice

• Increase worker strength size and

insurance new vehicle and development

suite with inhabitant increase that take

service and this choice un suitable with a

lot of government because budget

problems and bands on appointments , in

addition to annoyance for works

productivity .

Second Choice :

• Improvement work exercises and worker

strength productivity and worker strength

productivity and vehicles exploitation in

good forms, this choice id difficult in

many cities because old exercise ( worker

works in another jobs, assumed health

rests, vehicles abeyance ) in addition to

difficulty outlook and difficulty in worker

catalyze

Third Choice:

• In front this push was necessary for

governorate to test private sector uses in

solid waste management by private

companies or apart corporation this

experiment affirmed activity in this

Participation that make good services and

less cost.

Development private sector work

in Damascus

• Serve livestock and drager vehicles (Tanaber) for transfer waste

• Serve worker aonly

• Serve automatic machines for collecting (Dunbers)

• Serve small trucks to collect waste

• Undertaking of transfer waste from transfer station.

• Undertakings of countries clean.

Current and under ratification contracts

contract Estimated

statement

duration Beginning date index

Dummar contract 126.472 3 years 1/11/2001 In process

Mountainous area 92.527 3 years 27/11/2002 In process

Waste transferring 95.352 3 years 8/3/2004 In process

Rent 30 small

machines

23.542 3 years 15/7/2004 In process

Rent 12 small

machines

2.628 1 year

1/2/2005 In process

Bus station

cleaning

9.636 1 year

13/10/2004 In process

Old town cleaning 102.897 3 years ---------- Under ratification

Tadamon cleaning 116.727 3 years

----------- Under

advertisement

First:

Dummar and

its suburb

contract

• Inhabitant near : 280000

• waste amount that

collected every day 135 ton

Number Employment

10 Driver

120 Clean worker

10 Another collected

machine

1 Supervisor car

1 Bike

Cleanliness Directorate was serviced this

places before projects by:

Annual Cost of services as in chart :

Remarks Cost Item

Every worker costs (9650 S.P.) monthly 15054000 S.P. Worker and driver salaries

Every vehicle consumes (20) liters of

diesel fuel daily 511000 S.P. Fuel for waste collecting vehicles


benzene daily

105000

S.P. Fuel for waste supervisor vehicles

Every motorbike consumes (30) liters of

benzene monthly

9000

S.P. Fuel for motorbikes

1500000 S.P. The maintenance and container repairing and

different expenses

17.179.000 S.P. Total

But in this bond :

Number Employment

8 Management

17 Driver

275 Clean worker

16 Another collected machine

1 Supervisor car

3 Bike

32.000.000 s.p Annual cost

But if Damascus governorate did the same services

which the contractor is doing (with add worker as

1.15% to cover week end) , the annual cost would

be:

Remarks Cost Item





benzene daily

90000

S.P. Fuel for waste supervisor vehicles


benzene monthly

27000


42.436.700

S.P.

The maintenance and container repairing and

different expenses

17.179.000 S.P. Total

if Damascus governorate did the

same services which the contractor

is doing , it well pay increase in cost:

42436700 – 32000000 = 10436700 s.p

That costs increase with private

sector : 32.6%

articulate

devolvement in

cleaning level

Cleanliness Directorate carried out a questionnaire about the cleanliness state in

Dummar and Dummar suburb regions. The following table shows the results of

this questionnaire :

Question Percentage

What do you think about the cleanliness state in

your region ?

Very good Good Moderate Bad

35.2% 31.2% 9.6% 17.6%

What is your opinion about the commitment of

inhabitant to cleanliness rules?


10.4% 22.4% 30.4% 17.6%

What is your opinion about the cooperation of

cleanliness workers?


19.2% 24.8% 19.2% 13.6%

Inhabitant opinion about acceptance of private

sector

yes no

76.8% 1.6%

Inhabitant suggestion of contracting continuation. yes no

76% 2.4%

Are you ready to cooperation to increase cleanliness

state in your region? 37.6% 26.4% no answer

Second:

mountainous

area cleaning

projects:

In Rukn

Aldeen and

Almuhajreen

• Inhabitant in contractor area

22500 no.

• Output Waste average :

110 ton every day

Area difficulty

was main reason

to contract private

sector in it:

Cleanliness directorate services this

areas by: Number Item

100 Worker

15 Driver

11 Waste collecting vehicle

12 Small waste collecting vehicle (Suzuki)

15 Carrying animal (mule)

1 Car

1 Motorbike

66 Container

In this chart we see that costs of

Damascus governorate service as seen

in next chart:

Remarks Cost Item

Every worker costs (9650 S.P.)

monthly 13317000 S.P. Worker and driver salaries

Every vehicle consumes (20) liters of diesel

fuel daily 562100 S.P. Fuel for waste collecting vehicles

Every vehicle costs (550 S.P.) daily 2409000

S.P. Contract of hiring (Suzuki) vehicles

Every animal costs (348 S.P.) daily 1905300 S.P. Contract of hiring carrying animal

Every car consumes (350) liters of benzene

monthly 105000 S.P. Fuel for cars


benzene monthly

9000


Every container costs (8000 S.P.) 528000 S.P. Offering containers


different expenses

20335400 S.P. Total

But in this contractor :

Number Item

200 Worker

37 Driver

17 Waste collecting vehicle

20 Small waste collecting vehicle

(Suzuki)

2 Car

3 Motorbike

66 Container

27172242 S.P. Annual total cost

But if Damascus governorate did the same services which

the contractor is doing (with add worker as 1.15% to

cover week end) , the annual cost would be:

Remarks Cost Item





benzene daily

1825000

S.P. Fuel for waste (Suzuki) vehicles

Every car consumes (300) liters of

benzene monthly

180000

S.P. Fuel for cars


benzene monthly

27000


Every container costs (8000 S.P.) 528000 S.P. Offering containers


different expenses

36489990 S.P. Total

if Damascus governorate did the

same services which the contractor

is doing , it well pay increase in cost:

36489990 – 27172242 = 9.317.748 s.p

That costs increase with private

sector : 34.3%

Cleaning and

transferring

24/24

Cleanliness Directorate carried out a questionnaire about the cleanliness state

in Rukin Aldin Region after the private sectors had started doing the cleanliness

services in this region. The following table shows the results of this

questionnaire :

Question Percentage

What do you think about the

cleanliness state in your region ?

Very good Good Moderate Bad No answer

73 % 19 % 7 % 0 % 1 %

Do you think that the cleanness state

has improved in your region?

Well Noticeably No change Worse No answer

75 % 24 % 1 % 0 % 0 %

What is your opinion about the

commitment of the inhabitants to

cleanliness rules ?


23 % 14 % 34 % 27 % 2 %

What is your opinion about the

cooperation of the inhabitants in

keeping their region clean?


26 % 27 % 34 % 11 % 2 %

Are you ready to cooperate in keeping

your region clean ?

yes no No answer

95 % 0 % 5 %

Third: waste transferring from waste transfer station in Ehda Ashareia

to waste management factory (40 Km)

Transfer cost for 1 ton in 1994 150 s.p

Transfer cost for 1 ton in 2004 65 s.p

From general sector

company to private

sector company

Waste transfer

station in

Ehda

Ashareeia

East of

Damascus

Private Sector Participation in solid waste management

• Solid waste sorting station in Damascus

rural governorate.

• Solid waste sorting station in Damascus

*station make

*set station

*recycle old item.

* employment local worker

* tasks to governorate

Sorting station in

Damascus rural

500 tons of waste

every say

Everclean copany

Positives of private sector

paticipation:

• Flexible management

• Avoiding routine

• Make administrators rules as good way

• Competition

• Reducing the costs.

• The ability to develop the work

Negative of private sector participation:

1- employment unqualified workers technically and physically

2- instability of workers and changing them.

3- complaints of some inhabitants of unanswered application

4- domination of gain over the basic aim of contracting.

5- the necessity to concentrate supervising and observing over undertaker.

6-experience weakness in work.

7- Anxiety of undertaker’s withdrawing of work for special reasons.

8- Do not paying attention to professional sanitation subject.

Indicia of Private Sector Participation

• Build local ability to improve artistry specification within competition between companies and make quite outlook to reach comparing in servicing

• Build local ability to improve servicing in general sector within competition with private sector

• Build local ability to attainment proceeds by improve works system in task part

• Small contractors allow competition and allow to share with medium and small companies

• Conjunction agreements and contractors with prices law help to get winning.

• Continuation outlook and task in contractors that stop competences less and drowsiness

• Agreement include environmental conditions and work safety for workers

• It mustn't be un look participation to private sector

• Agreement include laws to make level of participation with people in solid waste management and task any dissenter

• Definition agreement with private companies that follow activities and experience

• There are period to agreement with private companies allow investment consumption (machines and builds)

• Private monopolies is over task and un workable as in government monopolies.

The procedure to guaranty ability

of private sector • It must to take ability steps to build connection channels

between private sector with government directions

• It must be coordination between government system and private sector system.

• Local government must be insurance guidance to private sector companies about artistry sides but work skills came from other sources

• Basic and general Participation in solid waste management and increasing general consciousness

• Sharing cooperation between local governments and private sector can help to definition problems before it enlarge and be difficult management

• naught retardation in pay private companies

• Set un permissive investment because it execute to un equal competition

The government measures to

facilitate contracting:

1- reducing the contract first and final deposits

from 5 and 10% to 2 and 3%.

2-book of general condition for solid waste

management.

3- cleanliness law

4- The master plan of solid waste management

5- facility to input collect and transfer machines

Thanks For Listening

Environment

Psp damascus experement