Upload
india-water-portal
View
783
Download
2
Tags:
Embed Size (px)
DESCRIPTION
Groundwater- its history, contribution to agriculture & the importance of PGWM model
Citation preview
Participatory Ground Water Management Model
-- Rahul BakareArghyam
• Registered as a Public Charitable Trust in 2001• Personal endowment from Rohini Nilekani• Primarily supports the Domestic WATSAN sector
Arghyam – “Offering”
Vision : Safe, sustainable water for all
Mission : To support Sustainable efforts that enhance Equity in access to
Water for all
India : the Groundwater Civilization
India is the world’s largest user of groundwater for agriculture
0
50
100
150
200
250
300
1940 1950 1960 1970 1980 1990 2000 2010
cubi
c km
/yea
r
US W.Europe SpainMexico China IndiaPakistan Bangladesh Sri LankaVietnam Ghana South AfricaTunisia
India has over 20 million irrigation wells. We add 0.8 million/year.
Every fourth cultivator owns an irrigation well; non-owners depend on groundwater markets.
T. Shah, 2009
Groundwater contribution to ‘irrigation’
NET AREA IRRIGATED (MILLION HECTARES) BY SURFACE WATER AND
GROUNDWATER, 1951-2007
0.00
10.00
20.00
30.00
40.00
50.00
60.00
70.00
1950 1955 1960 1965 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010
YEAR
NIA
(M
illio
n H
A)
NIA by Canal NIA from Groundwater Total NIA
Indian Agricultural Statistics, various years
Close fit between NIA from
groundwater and total
NIA
Stage of GW development: spatial distribution
CGWB, 2006
Impact!
Scarcity
Quality
Quality
Geological settings – districts & states
Hydrogeology based typology
Typology 1
Typology 2
Typology 3Typology 4
Typology 5
Typology 6
Why strategise groundwater management?
Deep alluvial aquifers – quality
issues
Crystalline basement aquifers –
overexploited; fluoride
Mixed type – regions of
intensive and extensive
overexploitation
Underdeveloped groundwater, forests,
tribal hinterlands
Groundwater –
uncharted terrain
Mountain aquifers and springs
Glaring gaps in Ground Water
Mostly Supply Augmentation No Demand Regulation hence over exploitation
Lack of Aquifer data and hence understanding
Demistification for community participation
Lack of GW Paraprofessionals Aquifer mapping highly specialized function
“Invisible” resource hence CPR principles difficult to understand
Livelihood at stake hence sensitive
Regulations non existent
Drinking water not given due priority
Lack of policy on groundwater
Why Participatory Ground Water Management (PGWM) ?
APFAMGS AP Drought Adaptation Initiative (APDAI)
WASSAN Barefoot College, Tilonia Foundation for Ecological Security (FES) in
Rajasthan, MP and AP ACWADAM with Samaj Pragati Sahayog in MP
and with the Pani Panchayats in Maharashtra on knowledge-based, typology-driven aquifer-management strategies.
ACT in Kutch training local youth as para-professionals
Ralegan Siddhi and Hivre Bazar model
Efforts towards PGWM in India
Start of Pani Panchayat Movement
Community level water management system; started by Mr. Vilasrao Salunke in 1974 after the drought in Maharashtra.
Based on Surface and Ground water equitable water distribution System
Groundwater is a Common Pool Resource (CPR) Groundwater problem be clearly defined through an
understanding of the resource and its use Principles and processes of management should cut
across different uses like drinking water, irrigation etc. Unit of engagement an aquifer and NOT Administrative
boundaries Long term engagement with community Planning, management and monitoring to be executed
by the community with the support from external agencies
Local knowledge and formal science should be prioritized… No overriding
PGWM Principles
The Agenda for PGWM
Invisible Visible
Private Resource
Common Property Resource
Supply Augmentation
Demand Regulation
National Groundwater Typology
Deep alluvial aquifers – quality
issues
Crystalline basement aquifers –
overexploited; fluoride
Mixed type – regions of
intensive and extensive
overexploitation
Underdeveloped groundwater, forests, tribal hinterlands
Groundwater –
uncharted terrain
Mountain aquifers and springs
ACWADAM
ACT
WASSAN
PSI
MPA
PGWM Network
ACWADAM – Technical
ACT - Para-
professionals
WASSAN - Watershed
PSI – Water Quality
MPA – Alluvium
PGWM
Advocacy
Action Researc
h
Training
PGWM Pilots
Thank [email protected]