ORIGIN Orchestration of Renewable Integrated Generation In Neighbourhoods

Dr Edward Owens Optimising energy storage within micro-grid systems ICARB Workshop – Energy Storage for the Built Environment 21st OCTOBER 2014, EDINBURGH CENTRE FOR CARBON INNOVATION

• 8 beneficiaries , 5 countries, 4 research institutes, 1 SME and 3 communities

• 4.1 million Euro FP7 collaborative project funded by EU

• November 2012 – November 2015

ORIGIN Orchestration of Renewable Integrated Generation In Neighbourhoods

Three communities

Findhorn Damanhur Tamera

Location Northern Scotland

Northern Italy

Southern Portugal

Participating buildings 75 18 11

PV electricity 25kW 230kW 20kW

District heating 250kW

Wind park 750kW

Heat pumps 25kW

Solar hot water 100m2 4800 litres 52m2

Biomass boilers 350kW 630kW

Current energy use 39kWh/m2

(Note 1)

34kWh/m2 1.5kWh avg. daily

consumption (Note 2)

Note 1 – 88.6% compared to UK average Note 2 – 40.5% compared to Portuguese average

What has the EU funded?

Orchestration of energy use within a community – to save imported energy / carbon

How? - Alignment of energy demand with (local) renewable supply

Prediction of demand and supply and orchestration of energy use

Deployment of smart energy monitoring, control and communication hardware

A sustainable economic model

The problem

German Wind Generation 2012

http://theenergycollective.com/schalk-cloete/259876/intermittent-renewables-and-electricity-markets

Scotland’s Wind Generation – Capacity Factor = 33% Efficient and effective storage is required if benefits of renewable generation are to be realised Without storage - thermal generation will remain the dominant generation technology Diversity of renewable generation will help

Sara Campagna

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Output est output Wind Speed (m/s) - not height corrected

January 2013

How can ORIGIN help?

• Forecast and observation data for c37 sites

• Predicts next 24 hours weather at hourly precision every hour

• Uses a neural network approach

Corne et al, Heriot Watt University, MACS

Wind-speeds at Findhorn for a 7-day period in April

Performance of the ‘24-hour ahead’ ORIGIN forecast (blue), compared with the

‘24-hour-ahead’ MetOffice forecast (red), with actual windspeed in green.

Met Office forecast mean absolute errors (in metres per second) vs ORIGIN error, forecasting wind speed at Findhorn Horizontal axis is ‘hours ahead’.

For effective automated demand side management we also need to:

Forecast the electrical needs of the community

Measure and forecast the thermal needs of the community

Expensive to automate and retrofit

Alternatively you engage the residents with an ergonomic user interface

35 automated buildings at Findhorn

40 user engaged buildings

Progress: Electrical demand prediction

Stephen, B.; Mutanen, A.J.; Galloway, S.; Burt, G.; Jarventausta, P., "Enhanced Load Profiling for Residential Network Customers," Power Delivery, IEEE Transactions on , vol.PP, no.99, pp.1,1 doi: 10.1109/TPWRD.2013.2287032

• Disaggregate consumers into load profiles

• Use this to predict demand • Provide contextualised

response schedule: not all residents are equally likely to respond

Progress: Thermal demand prediction

Origin additions:

1. Och - relay R2 driven by cloogy, normally 'off'

2. Ohw - relay R2 driven by cloogy, normally 'off'

3. TOrt - origin room temperature sensor.

4. TOhw - origin cylinder temperature sensor.

5. Tout - origin outdoor temperature (weather station).

Nomenclature (hw = hot water, ch = central heat):

P hw - hw setting on programmer.

P ch - sh setting on programmer.

CONTROL LOGIC:

hot water tank charging:

Night Sani Room Sani Night Day Night Day

Dist R1 P hw R2 P ch Stat Stat cube heater heater imm imm CH

Board DHW' CH' CT RT boost switch switch heater heater pump

ON ON DC DC DC ON DC DC ON OFF ON OFF DC ORIGIN ON (night tariff periods)

ON OFF OFF DC DC ON DC ON OFF ON OFF ON DC ask occupants not to use boost for origin control

ON OFF OFF DC DC ON DC OFF OFF OFF OFF OFF DC ORIGIN OFF (night)

ON OFF ON DC DC ON DC DC ON OFF ON OFF DC need to switch P hw to 'off' for origin control.

OFF ON DC DC DC ON DC DC OFF ON OFF ON DC ORIGIN ON (day tarriff periods)

OFF OFF OFF DC DC ON DC ON OFF ON OFF ON DC ask occupants not to use boost for origin control

OFF OFF OFF DC DC ON DC OFF OFF OFF OFF OFF DC ORIGIN OFF (day)

OFF OFF ON DC DC ON DC DC ON OFF OFF OFF DC need to switch P hw to 'off' for origin control.

space heat control

Night Sani Room Sani Night Day Night Day

Dist R1 P hw R2 P ch Stat Stat cube heater heater imm imm CH

Board DHW' CH' CT RT boost switch switch heater heater pump

DC DC DC ON DC DC ON DC DC DC DC DC ON ORIGIN ON

DC DC DC OFF ON DC ON DC DC DC DC DC ON need to switch P ch to 'off' for origin control.

DC DC DC OFF OFF DC ON DC DC DC DC DC OFF ORIGIN OFF

Origin additions:

1. Och - relay R2 driven by cloogy, normally 'off'

2. Ohw - relay R2 driven by cloogy, normally 'off'

3. TOrt - origin room temperature sensor.

4. TOhw - origin cylinder temperature sensor.

5. Tout - origin outdoor temperature (weather station).

Nomenclature (hw = hot water, ch = central heat):

P hw - hw setting on programmer.

P ch - sh setting on programmer.

CONTROL LOGIC:

hot water tank charging:

Night Sani Room Sani Night Day Night Day

Dist R1 P hw R2 P ch Stat Stat cube heater heater imm imm CH

Board DHW' CH' CT RT boost switch switch heater heater pump

ON ON DC DC DC ON DC DC ON OFF ON OFF DC ORIGIN ON (night tariff periods)

ON OFF OFF DC DC ON DC ON OFF ON OFF ON DC ask occupants not to use boost for origin control

ON OFF OFF DC DC ON DC OFF OFF OFF OFF OFF DC ORIGIN OFF (night)

ON OFF ON DC DC ON DC DC ON OFF ON OFF DC need to switch P hw to 'off' for origin control.

OFF ON DC DC DC ON DC DC OFF ON OFF ON DC ORIGIN ON (day tarriff periods)

OFF OFF OFF DC DC ON DC ON OFF ON OFF ON DC ask occupants not to use boost for origin control

OFF OFF OFF DC DC ON DC OFF OFF OFF OFF OFF DC ORIGIN OFF (day)

OFF OFF ON DC DC ON DC DC ON OFF OFF OFF DC need to switch P hw to 'off' for origin control.

space heat control

Night Sani Room Sani Night Day Night Day

Dist R1 P hw R2 P ch Stat Stat cube heater heater imm imm CH

Board DHW' CH' CT RT boost switch switch heater heater pump

DC DC DC ON DC DC ON DC DC DC DC DC ON ORIGIN ON

DC DC DC OFF ON DC ON DC DC DC DC DC ON need to switch P ch to 'off' for origin control.

DC DC DC OFF OFF DC ON DC DC DC DC DC OFF ORIGIN OFF

Space heatin

g

Tuohy et al, Strathclyde University

Decide what to reschedule

Identifying Opportunities

Hardware installed and recording data from December 2013

Demand response system goes live in Findhorn on 5th November 2014

Tamera and Damanhur later that month

What do we plan to achieve?

More efficient use of installed renewable generation and storage

Less imported energy to the communities

Community confidence in use of energy

Reported carbon dioxide emission savings

20%+ savings should be achievable but potential for more

Demand side management is essentially energy storage - usually in hot water or the fabric of the building

Thank you Follow ORIGIN’s progress at http://origin-concept.eu/ @ORIGINConcept