1. Disaster Management Holiday Homework Submitted by Anurag
Dash X-C Roll No. 8
2. Nepal Earthquake2015 By: Anurag Dash
3. When and Where The earthquake occurred on 25 April 2015 at
11:56 a.m. at a depth of approximately 15 km (9.3 mi) (which is
considered shallow and damaging), with its epicentre approximately
34 km (21 mi) east-southeast of Lamjung, Nepal, lasting
approximately twenty seconds. The second earthquake was somewhat
less powerful at 6.6 Mw. It occurred 65 km (40 mi) east of
Kathmandu and its seismic focus lay at a depth of 10 km (6.2 mi)
below the earth's surface. Over thirty-five aftershocks of
magnitude 4.5 Mw or greater occurred in the day following the
initial earthquake, including the one of magnitude 6.6 M
4. Intensity Tremors were felt in the neighbouring Indian
states of Bihar, Uttar Pradesh, Assam, West Bengal, Sikkim,
Jharkhand, Uttarakhand in the Indian capital region around New
Delhi and as far south as. Many buildings were brought down in
Bihar. Karnataka Minor cracks in the walls of houses were reported
in Odisha. Minor quakes were registered as far as Kochi in the
southern state of Kerala. The intensity in Patna was Moderate. The
intensity was Light in Dhaka, Bangladesh. The earthquake was also
experienced across south-western China, ranging from the Tibet
Autonomous Region to Chengdu, which is 1,900 km (1,200 mi) away
from the epicentre.
5. Epicenter & affected areas
6. Aftermath (Nepal) The earthquake killed more than 8600 in
Nepal and injured more than twice as many. The rural death toll may
have been lower than it would have been as the villagers were
outdoors, working when the quake hit. As of 15 May, 6,271 people,
including 1,700 from the 12 May aftershock, were still receiving
treatment for their injuries. More than 450,000 people were
displaced.
7. Aftermath (Other Areas) India A total of 78 deaths were
reported in India - 58 in Bihar, 16 in Uttar Pradesh, 3 in West
Bengal and 1 in Rajasthan. China 25 dead and 4 missing, all from
the Tibet Autonomous Region. Bangladesh 4 dead.
8. Other damages & effects Thousands of houses were
destroyed across many districts of the country, with entire
villages flattened, especially those near the epicentre. The
Tribhuvan International Airport serving Kathmandu was closed
immediately after the quake, but was re-opened later in the day for
relief operations and, later, for some commercial flights. Nepal,
with a total Gross Domestic Product of USD$19.921 billion
(according to a 2012 estimate), is one of Asia's poorest countries,
and has little ability to fund a major reconstruction effort on its
own. Even before the quake, the Asian Development Bank estimated
that it would need to spend about four times more than it currently
does annually on
9. Destruction
10. Rescue & Relief About 90 percent of soldiers from the
Nepalese Army were sent to the stricken areas in the aftermath of
the earthquake under Operation Sankat Mochan, with volunteers
mobilized from other parts of the country. As of 1 May 2015,
international aid agencies like Mdecins Sans Frontires (Doctors
Without Borders) and the Red Cross were able to start medically
evacuating the critically wounded by helicopter from outlying
areas, initially cut-off from the capital city, Kathmandu, and
treating others in mobile and makeshift facilities. There was
concern about epidemics due to the shortage of clean water, the
makeshift nature of living conditions and the lack of toilets
11. rescue
12. Earthquake Safety Tips to Follow
13. Safety Measures During an Earthquake Stay away from windows
and furniture that could potentially fall over. Take cover in a
safe place in your house. Get under a sturdy table or desk to avoid
being hit by anything. If you can't take safe cover, protect your
head and neck with your arms. Do not try and go outside until after
the shaking stops. If you are already indoors, you are safer taking
cover inside than attempting to leave your house during an
earthquake you could be hit by falling debris as you're trying to
get out.
14. Safety Measures After an Earthquake Be prepared for
aftershocks. Earthquakes are often followed by aftershocks
additional quakes that follow the main event. Check your gas lines
and make sure there are no leaks. Do not use an open flame in your
house until you are sure it is safe. Check for damaged electrical
wiring. Shut off the power if you see damaged wiring in your house.
Keep your shoes on. You may have broken glass or spilled chemicals
on the floor of your house as a result of the earthquake. Document
the damage. If your insurance policy covers earthquake damage, make
sure you take photos or video of the damage to use in the claim
process.
15. Mitigation Strategies The first step in mitigating against
an earthquake is to prioritize what you wish to protect. It is
recommend that you first look at critical facilities, since these
facilities house the first responders, this will be from were the
response and recovery is coordinated, or be from were medical
attention or shelter is provided. The second priority should
include the lifelines for your community. This is the critical
infrastructure that provides electricity, water, and heat to your
community. If these utilities are forced to shut down, your
community may have to provide shelter to many more individuals. The
third priority should be commercial and industrial buildings or
large apartment or condominium buildings. Due to the types of
construction, these are the types of structures that can be the
most severely impact by an earthquake. The final priority should by
standard single-family residential structures. Usually, because of
their light-weight construction, single-family structures suffer
the least damage. However, they may still suffer enough damage to
require the community to provide temporary housing.