NAP EXPO 2016

BONN, GERMANY

11-15 JULY, 2016

SHEIKH MOHAMMED TAUHIDUL ISLAM

SENIOR ASSISTANT SECRETARY

MINISTRY OF ENVIRONMENT AND FORESTS, BANGLADESH

National Adaptation Program of Action (NAPA) 2005

NAPA Update 2009

Bangladesh Climate Change Strategy and Action Plan

(BCCSAP) 2009

INDC/NDC

A Roadmap for Developing NAP

•Bangladesh prepared NAPA in Nov. 2005; (second country to submit the NAPA to UNFCCC).

•Six sectors was taken into consideration;

–Forestry, Biodiversity, Land-use

–Agriculture, Fisheries and Livestock

–Water, Coastal Areas, Natural Disaster and Health

–Livelihood, gender, Local Governance and Food Security

–Industry and Infrastructure

–Institutional and Policy Issues.

National Adaptation Programme of Action

• Bangladesh prepared NAPA in Nov. 2005; (second country to submit the NAPA to UNFCCC).

• Six sectors was taken into consideration;

– Forestry, Biodiversity, Land-use

– Agriculture, Fisheries and Livestock

– Water, Coastal Areas, Natural Disaster and Health

– Livelihood, gender, Local Governance and Food Security

– Industry and Infrastructure

– Institutional and Policy Issues.

NAPA (Cont..) Fifteen priority projects were identified in the NAPA

document to address immediate and urgent needs to address CC (approx. total investment of US$ 70+ million)

Two projects based on the NAPA Priority - Community based Coastal Aforestation (Phase I and Phase II) has been implemented with the support of LDC Fund (total US$ 10 mill) (Bangladesh Forest Department/UNDP)

Third Project has recently been approved by GEF (Fisheries sector/5.2 million +) (Department of Fisheries/FAO)

Fourth project is on ecosystem based adaptation in wetland and barind region of Bangladesh (US$ 5.2 million) (DoE/UNEP)

NAPA update, 2009

Bangladesh updated NAPA in 2009

Time frame for adaptation actions: the updated NAPA included 9 short and 9 medium term projects

Updated NAPA included the following in the short term;

Assessment of Financial Needs to combat climate change

Revision of National and Sectoral Policies to mainstream adaptation to climate change

Updated NAPA included the following issues in the medium term

Monitoring of climate change impacts on ecosystems and biodiversity

Aforestation including coastal green belt

Restoration of the Sundarbans Mangrove Ecosystem

Bangladesh Climate Change Strategy and Action Plan (BCCSAP)

1. Food security, social protection and health

2. Comprehensive disaster management

3. Infrastructure

4. Research and knowledge management

5. Mitigation and low carbon development

6. Capacity building and institutionalstrengthening

Under Six thematic Areas there are total of 44programme areas to address overall climate changeactivities of the country. Specific projects oractivities may be undertaken on any of theseprogramme areas.

Financial Requirement to implement BCCSAP

During first 2 years US$ 500 million will berequired to implement immediate Actions

Total Cost of the Programmes commencing in thefirst 5 years is US$ 5 billion

BANGLADESH INDC/NDC

Bangladesh Intended Nationally Determined

Contributions (INDCs)

Bangladesh has submitted INDCs on 25 September 2015

Bangladesh has proposed an unconditional contribution to reduce GHG emissions by 5% from Business as Usual (BAU) levels by 2030 in the power, transport and industry sectors, based on existing resources;

Bangladesh has proposed for a conditional 15% reduction in GHG emissions from BAU levels by 2030 in the power, transport, and industry sectors, subject to appropriate international support in the form of finance, investment, technology development and transfer, and capacity building.

Bangladesh considered 2012 as the Base Year.

Unconditional and Conditional Contribution

Unconditional

contribution

Contribution

assuming no

additional

international

support

Bangladesh will reduce its GHG

emissions in the power, transport,

and industry sectors by 12 MtCO2e

by 2030 or 5% below BAU

emissions for those sectors.

Conditional

contribution

Contribution

assuming

additional

international

support

Bangladesh will reduce its GHG

emissions in the power, transport,

and industry sectors by 36 MtCO2e

by 2030 or 15% below BAU

emissions for those sectors.

Baseline scenario and unconditional & conditional contributions (only power, transport & industry sectors’ emissions

15%5%

Estimated Investment for Adaptation

Adaptation measure Estimated investment

required (billion USD,

2015-2030)

Food security and livelihood and health protection (incl. water

security)

8

Comprehensive disaster management 10

Salinity intrusion and coastal protection 3

River flood and erosion protection 6

Building climate resilient infrastructure 5

Rural electrification 3

Urban resilience 3

Ecosystem based adaptation (incl. forestry co-management) 2.5

Community based conservation of wetlands and coastal areas 1

Policy and institutional capacity building 0.5

Estimated Investment for Adaptation Mitigation measure Estimated investment

required (bil USD, 2011-30)

Switching to super-critical coal power generation 16.50

Developing utility-scale solar energy 1.30

Scaling up wind energy 0.60

Repowering steam turbine with CCGT 0.63

Expanding the Solar Homes Programme 1.20

Other solar Solar Irrigations Pumps 0.60

Solar Mini-grids 0.25

Solar Nano-grids 0.27

Pico-solar 0.10

Scaling up biomass production from sugar 0.20

Building an Elevated Expressed in Dhaka to

decongestion the main urban traffic arteries

2.65

Dhaka mass rapid transit system 2.70

A Road Map for developing NAP for Bangladesh A Roadmap for Developing a National Adaptation

Plan for Bangladesh was prepared in 2015

Bangladesh NAP Roadmap has considered the UNEP LDC Guidelines (PROVIA Guideline not considered). Proposed the four steps similar to that of LDC Guidelines:

1. Lay the Groundwork and Address Gaps

2. Preparatory Elements

3. Implementation Strategies

4. Reporting, Monitoring and Review

Methodological Guidelines to prepare NAP

Climate change: signals from the past, scenarios for the future

Understanding Bangladesh’s specific vulnerabilities to climate change Water Resources Sector

Agriculture sector (including sub sectors)

Communication Sector

Physical Infrastructure

Food & health security

Disaster Risk Reduction

Livelihoods

Urban Habitation

Contd.. Understanding adaptation needs in

vulnerable sectors

Water Resources Sector

Agriculture sector (including sub sectors)

Communication Sector

Physical Infrastructure

Food & health security

Disaster Management

Residual Impacts beyond Adaptation

by sector: Planning for addressing Loss & Damage

Contd.. Integration of NAP with National

Development Paradigm Scoping of NAP: How Nationally Appropriate

Adaptations are Perceived in key documents

Recent adaptation strides, investments, gaps and limitations in approach & actions (Scope of retrofitting adaptation in ongoing/rolled out ADP projects)

Adaptation Needs for Different Time-slices and Various Scenarios

Integration of NAP with ADP investments across sectors

Integration of adaptation actions at different (governance) tiers: central level, household/community level, inter-sectoral perspective

Contd..

Institutional mapping for implementation of NAP

Institutional Mechanism for Implementation of NAP

An approach for Monitoring and Evaluation

Inter-agency coordination

Capacity of implementing bodies in different tiers

Technological Needs towards implementing NAP elements

Mechanism of Updating of NAP and Incorporation of Feedback

Contd.. Financing adaptation

Estimating Costs of Adaptation by Key Sector

Prioritization of Specific Adaptations and Scheduling of Finance for Adaptation

Location-specificity of Financing Adaptation

Sources of Finance

Financing Strategy

Institutional Arrangement for NAP preparation

The formulation of a Inter-Ministerial Steering Committee (IMSC)

Technical Advisory Committee (TAC) to guide the process

A Core NAP Formulation Team needs to be established to drive the NAP development under the guidance of both the IMSC and the TAC

On-going activities which is going to support NAP preparation

Country Wide Vulnerability Assessment

GIZ is providing support to MoEF/DoE for countrywide vulnerability assessment (district wise and hotspot based – coastal vul., drought vul., flood vul. Etc.)

Bangladesh Disaster-related Statistics 2015 –Climate Change and Natural Disaster Perspective

Challenges/Gaps The following studies as a pre-requisite to the

formulation of the NAP; A modeling based climate change scenario exercise for

present time (i.e., 2015), and future time-frames (2030, 2050 and 2100)

Projections of population, economic growth, employment situation in three scenarios (optimistic, pessimistic and business-as usual) for three time-frames as above

A composite scenario document based on the above findings (climate, population, economy, … all inclusive)

A complete analysis of water related vulnerability under three scenarios and each of these in three time-frames as above

Similar vulnerability analysis of other key sectors

Challenges The NAP formulation process must be as inclusive

as possible, in order to address concerns of all stakeholders representing all vulnerable sectors, regions and groups

An effective Coordination Mechanism to prepare and implement NAP

Successful integration of the following Ministries is crucial

Ministry of Environment and Forests

Ministry of Planning

Ministry of Finance

Other Sectoral Ministries’ (Water, Agriculture, Health. )

Best practices/Experience

Bangladesh has the experience of preparation and implementation of various adaptation projects;

NAPA

BCCSAP, 2009

A Roadmap for Developing a NAP for Bangladesh

On going Vulnerability assessment

Bangladesh Climate Change Trust Fund

Experience of financial support to Implement 276 projects

Fundamental State Policy of Bangladesh Constitution