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IMMINENT WATER RELATED CRISES IN
INDIAJALSEVAK SOLUTIONS
India, the 2nd most populous country in the world, faces 3 serious challenges related to water:• Insufficient supply of fresh
water• Inadequate sanitation • Water pollution
Fresh water
5000 years ago India had one of the best water supply systems in the World
Dholavira water reservoir in Gujrat
Today’s scenario…
Fresh water
Fresh water
India has 16% of the global population, but just 4% of the world's fresh water
Rains or not, India is falling short on drinkable water (Source: The New York Times)
Fresh water
By 2030, India’s fresh water demand will become double the capacity (Source: McKinsey report)
Fresh water
Groundwater levels in major Indian cities declining at rapid pace
Fresh water
21% of communicable diseases in India are related to unsafe water (Source: World Bank)
Fresh water
Lack of clean drinking water is hurting India’s manufacturing sector, resulting in employment declines
Fresh water
Two sustainable ways forward:Water conservation
Fresh water
and water recycling
Fresh water
Sanitation refers to the provision of facilities and services for the safe disposal of human urine and faeces.
Source: World Health Organization
Sanitation
Sanitation also refers to the maintenance of hygienic conditions, through services such as garbage collection and wastewater disposal.
Source: World Health Organization
Sanitation
“Sanitation is more important than political independence”
— Mahatma Gandhi
Sanitation
Yet…
Sanitation
More than 50% of India’s population still doesn’t have access to proper sanitation
Sanitation
India currently has the highest number (62 million) of children who suffer from stunting due to poor sanitation (Source: UNICEF)
Sanitation
National Indian average of sanitation, hygiene and water safety is only 34 % (58% urban and 23% poor)
Sanitation
Over 75 % of Scheduled Caste and Scheduled Tribe households do not have access to safe sanitation(Source: UN MDG report)
Sanitation
Government of India has constructed over 2 Crore new toilets under the Swachha Bharat Mission(Source: Swachha Bharat Mission)
Sanitation
But the biggest challenge is availability of water for toilet/urinal flushing
Sanitation
Freedom from open defecation will not be achieved without sufficient water supply for toilet cleaning
Sanitation
Wastewater treatment has long been a neglected area in urban water planning
Water pollution
The consequence…
Water pollution
India generates 22,900 million litres per day (MLD) of domestic wastewater
Water pollution
Currently, India’s sewage treatment capacity is only 30% of the generation(Source: Central Pollution Control Board)
Water pollution
Remaining 70 per cent sewage remains untreated and directly flow into our water bodies
Water pollution
Maharashtra sends 2,383 MLD of untreated sewage directly into the Arabian Sea.
Water pollution
Installation and operating costs of existing technologies are rather high and hence are ill-afforded by the communities
Water pollution
Decentralized sewage treatment facilities are effective and low-cost
Water pollution
Conserving Fresh water
ImprovingSanitation
ReducingWater pollution
One solution for solving all 3 problems
Wastewater recycling and
reuse