Green Plastics: An Emerging Alternative for Petroleum Based Plastics

Presented By ANTU BHATTACHARJEE

• BARASAT GOVT. COLLEGE

• WEST BENGAL STATE UNIVERSITY

• MSC. 3rd SEM • Reg no.-002559-2013 of

2013• ROLL : BGC/ZOOL NO:

14105• Year-2015

BACKGROUND

• ‘plastic’ is any organic synthetic or processed materials that are mostly thermoplastic or thermosetting polymers of high molecular mass.

• Littering or excessive use, has harmed the image of this useful Product.

problems of conventional plastics

HISTORY OF GREEN PLASTICS

• In 1868 John W. Hyatt invented Celluloid from plant fibers (cellulose).

• After 1907,with the invention of first petroleum based plastic sonly conventional plastic was steadily growing.

Fig: Henry Ford’s soy protein plastic based composites

INTRODUCTION

• Green plastics can be made from many different sources like – (A)Plant Oil, (F)Cellulose, (D)Corn, (B)Starch,(C) Potato Starch, (E)Sugarcane, Weeds etc.

• Examples: Polylactic acids (PLA), Polyhydroxybutyrate(PHB) etc.

PURPOSE OF GREEN PLASTICS

• Applications:Bottling, resins, packaging, etc

• Advantages over conventional plastics:

• 1.Reduces GHG in production

• 2.Requires no petrochemicals.

• 3.Biodegradable

• 4.Multiple end-of-life options

• 5.Reduced carbon footprint

CHARACTERS OF GREEN PLASTICS

• Biodegradable and compostable

• Renewability

• Environmentally friendly nature

FIG: shows Bio-Degradation of Green Plastic.

THE DIFFERENCES AMONG DEGRADABLE, BIODEGRADABLE,

AND COMPOSTABLE• Degradable Plastic:

means that something breaks down.

• Biodegradable Plastic: it can be broken down by the metabolism of micro-organisms.

• Compostable Plastic: means that it biodegrades within a certain amount of time, under certain conditions.

• This Figure shows typical data obtained when the per cent carbon released (as CO2) from a green plastic exposed in a composting environment is plotted as a function of time.

Green Plastics Classification

• Type I: Ex: polymers derived from cellulose.

• Type II: Ex:PHA, PHBV.

• Type III: Ex : PLA

SYNTHESIS OF PLA

PRODUCTION OF PHB

CARBON CYCLE OF GREEN-PLASTICS

SOME FACTS ABOUT GREEN PLASTICS

• Processing Green Plastics Products

• Recycling Issues

• Synthetic Blending

Standards and Certifications for COMPOSTABLE PLASTICS

• In the United States ASTM D-6400 international (ISO-14855).

• Certification from

other countries includes EcoLogo (Canada) and Vincotte (Belgium).

Cost Factor

• additional cost incurred due to increased processing steps.

• In India, the cost of biodegradable plastics is 2- 10 times more than conventional plastics.

DISCUSSIONS

• To promote green-plastics:

• educating the society• Standardizations and

certifications should be publicized.

• Infrastructure for collection and composting needs to be improved.

• Governmental incentives.

CONCLUSION

• society’s current views on environmental responsibility make this an ideal time for further growth of green plastics.

• If the trend continues and the motivation for innovation in this field persists, the results could be promising.

References

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• Blackburn, R. S. (2005). Biodegradable and sustainable fibers (Ed.). Cambridge,UK: WoodheadPublishing Limited.

• Bregar, Bill (2010, October18). Greenwashing leads to consumer skepticism. Plastics News, pp. 12.• Dartee, M. (2010). It's time to get to know your way around bioplastics. Plastics Technology, 56(3),

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publish in The First International Conference on Green and Sustainable Technology conference proceedings, University of North Carolina A & T.

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References

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ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

• I am highly indebted to Dr. Tuhin Saha, Associate Professor of PG Department of Zoology, Barasat Govt. College for giving this review work and his guidance and encouragement throughout this study.

• Sincere thanks to all our respected sirs and madams of the PG Department of Zoology, Barasat Govt. College for giving me the opportunity to present this seminer.