GLOBAL WARMING

Global WarmingGlobal Warming

•an average increase in an average increase in the temperature of the the temperature of the atmosphere near the atmosphere near the Earth’s surface and in Earth’s surface and in the troposphere, which the troposphere, which can contribute to can contribute to changes in global changes in global climate patternsclimate patterns

CausesCauses •Burning of fossil fuels Burning of fossil fuels ((Coal/Crude oil)Coal/Crude oil)

– Power plantsPower plants generate electricity generate electricity

– Transportation-----fuels for transports (E.g. LPG,Transportation-----fuels for transports (E.g. LPG, kerosene, fuel oil)kerosene, fuel oil)

– Industrial processes (E.g. manufacture of Industrial processes (E.g. manufacture of cement, steel, aluminium)cement, steel, aluminium)

• Other greenhouse gases Other greenhouse gases emissionemission

– AgricultureAgriculture– ForestryForestry– Other land usesOther land uses– Waste managementWaste management

Greenhouse gases in the atmosphereGreenhouse gases in the atmosphere

↓↓

Some infrared radiation is trapped Some infrared radiation is trapped

↓↓

Greenhouse effectGreenhouse effect

Serious greenhouse effect

Global WarmingGlobal Warming

Increase in Increase in greenhouse gasesgreenhouse gases• Concentration of greenhouse Concentration of greenhouse

gases in the atmosphere is gases in the atmosphere is highly increasing by human highly increasing by human activitiesactivities

→ → Leads to the increasing Leads to the increasing seriousness of global warmingseriousness of global warming

Increasing temperature Increasing temperature extremesextremes• Regions that have temperatures (1-Regions that have temperatures (1-

3°C) warmer than the average: 3°C) warmer than the average: – United States United States – Most of the EuropeMost of the Europe

• Regions that have temperatures (1-Regions that have temperatures (1-3°C) cooler than the average: 3°C) cooler than the average: – AustraliaAustralia

Sea level risingSea level rising

•rising at an average rate of 1 - 2 rising at an average rate of 1 - 2 mm/year over the past 100 years mm/year over the past 100 years

EnvironmentaEnvironmental and Human l and Human

EffectsEffects

Extreme EventsExtreme Events• Extreme Events: Extreme Events:

• Heat waves; Cold waves; Storms; Floods Heat waves; Cold waves; Storms; Floods and Droughts and Droughts

Global warmingGlobal warming

An increase in the frequency of extreme An increase in the frequency of extreme eventsevents

More event-related deaths, injuries, infectious More event-related deaths, injuries, infectious diseases, and stress-related disordersdiseases, and stress-related disorders

• Extreme Events: Extreme Events:

• Heat waves; Cold waves; Storms; Floods Heat waves; Cold waves; Storms; Floods and Droughts and Droughts

Global warmingGlobal warming

An increase in the frequency of extreme An increase in the frequency of extreme eventsevents

More event-related deaths, injuries, infectious More event-related deaths, injuries, infectious diseases, and stress-related disordersdiseases, and stress-related disorders

Air QualityAir QualityAn increase in the concentration An increase in the concentration

of ground-level ozone of ground-level ozone

Damage lung tissue Damage lung tissue

Harmful for those with asthma Harmful for those with asthma and other chronic lung and other chronic lung

diseases diseases

Food supplyFood supply

Rising temperatures and variable Rising temperatures and variable precipitation precipitation

Decrease the production of staple Decrease the production of staple foods in many of the poorest foods in many of the poorest

regionsregions

Increasing risks of malnutritionIncreasing risks of malnutrition

UV Exposure UV Exposure (Australia)(Australia)

• Skin Cancer Skin Cancer   – an abnormal growth of skin tissues. an abnormal growth of skin tissues.

• Premature agingPremature aging– make the skin thick, wrinkled, and leathery make the skin thick, wrinkled, and leathery   

Measures on controlling the Measures on controlling the problemproblem

• GovernmentGovernment

* * set some laws to limit the amount of set some laws to limit the amount of pollutants produced by factoriespollutants produced by factories

* develop the skills of using renewable * develop the skills of using renewable fuels, e.g. solar energy, wind energyfuels, e.g. solar energy, wind energy

* * encourage the factories to replace fossil encourage the factories to replace fossil fuels by renewable fuels, which would not fuels by renewable fuels, which would not cause environmental pollutioncause environmental pollution

* carry out energy saving scheme → reduce * carry out energy saving scheme → reduce the pollution produced by burning fossil the pollution produced by burning fossil fuelsfuels

* build more plants → to reduce the * build more plants → to reduce the pollutants e.g.= COpollutants e.g.= CO22

• Citizens Citizens

** reduce the use of plastic bags → as reduce the use of plastic bags → as burning plastic emit CH4burning plastic emit CH4

* recycle the resources, e.g. plastic * recycle the resources, e.g. plastic

* reduce the use of sprays → as CFCs * reduce the use of sprays → as CFCs would be emitted outwould be emitted out

** reduce the use of air-conditioner, which reduce the use of air-conditioner, which will emit CFCswill emit CFCs

* use public transportation instead of * use public transportation instead of private cars → reduce the pollutants private cars → reduce the pollutants emitted by carsemitted by cars

THE EnD MADE BY-MADE BY-BHUWAN SINGHBHUWAN SINGH

(b.TECH 1(b.TECH 1stst year) year)(brach-eee)(brach-eee)(subject=evs)(subject=evs)